{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000960726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610130305","title":"Peptidomimetics derived from natural products","display_name":"Peptidomimetics derived from natural products","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000960726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610130305","mag":"2000960726","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8483337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/med.2610130305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610130305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610130305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22382660","display_name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","issn_l":"0198-6325","issn":["0198-6325","1098-1128"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032100053","display_name":"Robert A. Wiley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Wiley","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242","College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242","Robert A. Wiley:  was educated in Pharmacy at the University of Michigan and in medicinal chemistry at the University of California-San Francisco, where he worked with Eugene Jorgensen. He joined Ed Smissman's medicinal chemistry group at the University of Kansas in 1962 and served there until 1984. His research interests focused on organophosphorus compounds, phospholipid mediators of cardiovascular function, and metabolic mechanisms of tissue injury produced by organic chemicals. He served as Dean of the College of Pharmacy at the University of Iowa from 1984 until 1991, and is currently a Professor of Medicinal Chemistry there"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert A. Wiley:  was educated in Pharmacy at the University of Michigan and in medicinal chemistry at the University of California-San Francisco, where he worked with Eugene Jorgensen. He joined Ed Smissman's medicinal chemistry group at the University of Kansas in 1962 and served there until 1984. His research interests focused on organophosphorus compounds, phospholipid mediators of cardiovascular function, and metabolic mechanisms of tissue injury produced by organic chemicals. He served as Dean of the College of Pharmacy at the University of Iowa from 1984 until 1991, and is currently a Professor of Medicinal Chemistry there","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644","https://openalex.org/I180670191","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069015659","display_name":"Daniel H. Rich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-6529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-6529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel H. Rich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dr. Daniel H. Rich received the B. Chem degree in chemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1964 and his Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry under A. T. Blomquist at Cornell University in 1968. He held postdoctoral positions at Cornell, Dow Chemical Co., and Stanford University (with W. S. Johnson) before joining the Faculty of the School of Pharmacy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1970. Dr. Rich is now Professor of Medicinal Chemistry in the School of Pharmacy and Professor of Chemistry in the Department of Chemistry. His research has focused on the synthesis and conformational analysis of cyclic peptides and the design and synthesis of inhibitors of therapeutically important enzymes, especially aspartic proteases and peptidyl prolyl isomerases","School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, The University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Daniel H. Rich received the B. Chem degree in chemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1964 and his Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry under A. T. Blomquist at Cornell University in 1968. He held postdoctoral positions at Cornell, Dow Chemical Co., and Stanford University (with W. S. Johnson) before joining the Faculty of the School of Pharmacy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1970. Dr. Rich is now Professor of Medicinal Chemistry in the School of Pharmacy and Professor of Chemistry in the Department of Chemistry. His research has focused on the synthesis and conformational analysis of cyclic peptides and the design and synthesis of inhibitors of therapeutically important enzymes, especially aspartic proteases and peptidyl prolyl isomerases","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, The University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069015659"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":4980,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4980},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1063,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":218,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89019279,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"327","last_page":"384"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.04190000146627426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10252","display_name":"Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptidomimetics","display_name":"peptidomimetics","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-products","display_name":"natural products","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-drug-design","display_name":"rational drug design","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-drug-discovery","display_name":"rational drug discovery","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-identification","display_name":"lead compound identification","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzyme-inhibitors","display_name":"enzyme inhibitors","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptor-antagonists","display_name":"receptor antagonists","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structure-based-drug-design","display_name":"structure-based drug design","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ligand-conformation","display_name":"ligand conformation","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzyme-active-site","display_name":"enzyme active site","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/de-novo-drug-design","display_name":"de novo drug design","score":0.6449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124790011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2069797","display_name":"Peptidomimetic","level":3,"score":0.8026461601257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6117793321609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.45125967264175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39879029989242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3559900224208832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14643386006355286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.11653414368629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172847","display_name":"Peptide","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004791","descriptor_name":"Enzyme Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000138","qualifier_name":"chemical synthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000138","qualifier_name":"chemical synthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011487","descriptor_name":"Protein Conformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013329","descriptor_name":"Structure-Activity Relationship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015195","descriptor_name":"Drug Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/med.2610130305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610130305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med.2610130305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22382660","display_name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","issn_l":"0198-6325","issn":["0198-6325","1098-1128"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicinal Research Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8483337","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8483337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicinal research reviews","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":216,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19906052","https://openalex.org/W66403044","https://openalex.org/W105014381","https://openalex.org/W159191463","https://openalex.org/W199590192","https://openalex.org/W203500389","https://openalex.org/W303067274","https://openalex.org/W1243769774","https://openalex.org/W1485791736","https://openalex.org/W1506850331","https://openalex.org/W1516809639","https://openalex.org/W1517896461","https://openalex.org/W1518065087","https://openalex.org/W1518197977","https://openalex.org/W1554894857","https://openalex.org/W1561690684","https://openalex.org/W1593430977","https://openalex.org/W1608374437","https://openalex.org/W1663611914","https://openalex.org/W1963638640","https://openalex.org/W1964471041","https://openalex.org/W1964966094","https://openalex.org/W1965913216","https://openalex.org/W1966182689","https://openalex.org/W1966952510","https://openalex.org/W1967279802","https://openalex.org/W1969240083","https://openalex.org/W1970403967","https://openalex.org/W1972782037","https://openalex.org/W1972829114","https://openalex.org/W1973461107","https://openalex.org/W1973696741","https://openalex.org/W1974579801","https://openalex.org/W1976115828","https://openalex.org/W1976129849","https://openalex.org/W1976864235","https://openalex.org/W1977509994","https://openalex.org/W1978019610","https://openalex.org/W1978502680","https://openalex.org/W1978879981","https://openalex.org/W1979116564","https://openalex.org/W1979277587","https://openalex.org/W1979698812","https://openalex.org/W1980955734","https://openalex.org/W1981330323","https://openalex.org/W1981491253","https://openalex.org/W1983735973","https://openalex.org/W1983844537","https://openalex.org/W1984325096","https://openalex.org/W1985090509","https://openalex.org/W1985303997","https://openalex.org/W1985469117","https://openalex.org/W1987045949","https://openalex.org/W1987688509","https://openalex.org/W1988884160","https://openalex.org/W1989076596","https://openalex.org/W1989743694","https://openalex.org/W1991489244","https://openalex.org/W1993377322","https://openalex.org/W1994859764","https://openalex.org/W1994956370","https://openalex.org/W1995396220","https://openalex.org/W1995841839","https://openalex.org/W1995920838","https://openalex.org/W1996697803","https://openalex.org/W1997603746","https://openalex.org/W1998017058","https://openalex.org/W1999561174","https://openalex.org/W2000314850","https://openalex.org/W2000833345","https://openalex.org/W2000956953","https://openalex.org/W2003107936","https://openalex.org/W2005000306","https://openalex.org/W2005081125","https://openalex.org/W2006403773","https://openalex.org/W2007562408","https://openalex.org/W2009009411","https://openalex.org/W2009664996","https://openalex.org/W2012124354","https://openalex.org/W2012333045","https://openalex.org/W2012729050","https://openalex.org/W2013524125","https://openalex.org/W2013547341","https://openalex.org/W2013779964","https://openalex.org/W2017977929","https://openalex.org/W2018990301","https://openalex.org/W2019401962","https://openalex.org/W2019426425","https://openalex.org/W2020059934","https://openalex.org/W2021602387","https://openalex.org/W2021890624","https://openalex.org/W2024593727","https://openalex.org/W2024930414","https://openalex.org/W2025610374","https://openalex.org/W2026761188","https://openalex.org/W2026802618","https://openalex.org/W2027610936","https://openalex.org/W2029920907","https://openalex.org/W2030214713","https://openalex.org/W2031706219","https://openalex.org/W2034038760","https://openalex.org/W2034295165","https://openalex.org/W2034296548","https://openalex.org/W2037250510","https://openalex.org/W2037695285","https://openalex.org/W2037980432","https://openalex.org/W2038030802","https://openalex.org/W2038350697","https://openalex.org/W2038552915","https://openalex.org/W2038571269","https://openalex.org/W2039984909","https://openalex.org/W2040446396","https://openalex.org/W2041559752","https://openalex.org/W2041936147","https://openalex.org/W2042529958","https://openalex.org/W2043341126","https://openalex.org/W2043750157","https://openalex.org/W2044343709","https://openalex.org/W2045060141","https://openalex.org/W2045618499","https://openalex.org/W2046027264","https://openalex.org/W2049263173","https://openalex.org/W2049455947","https://openalex.org/W2050159278","https://openalex.org/W2050263498","https://openalex.org/W2052741482","https://openalex.org/W2053132428","https://openalex.org/W2054315003","https://openalex.org/W2057809645","https://openalex.org/W2058353527","https://openalex.org/W2058767324","https://openalex.org/W2062120260","https://openalex.org/W2063491230","https://openalex.org/W2066924690","https://openalex.org/W2067826050","https://openalex.org/W2068283959","https://openalex.org/W2071916269","https://openalex.org/W2073533584","https://openalex.org/W2075811628","https://openalex.org/W2076848220","https://openalex.org/W2077061471","https://openalex.org/W2077140822","https://openalex.org/W2078577005","https://openalex.org/W2079984404","https://openalex.org/W2080415597","https://openalex.org/W2082836568","https://openalex.org/W2085556108","https://openalex.org/W2086899730","https://openalex.org/W2087883017","https://openalex.org/W2089292410","https://openalex.org/W2089850443","https://openalex.org/W2090971571","https://openalex.org/W2091679884","https://openalex.org/W2091943860","https://openalex.org/W2094478779","https://openalex.org/W2095076290","https://openalex.org/W2095738171","https://openalex.org/W2100091737","https://openalex.org/W2109188826","https://openalex.org/W2114386300","https://openalex.org/W2114742412","https://openalex.org/W2123092430","https://openalex.org/W2124993315","https://openalex.org/W2125149319","https://openalex.org/W2127122957","https://openalex.org/W2140382609","https://openalex.org/W2146088099","https://openalex.org/W2146719321","https://openalex.org/W2147603220","https://openalex.org/W2150325253","https://openalex.org/W2152661044","https://openalex.org/W2153534850","https://openalex.org/W2160276605","https://openalex.org/W2162356386","https://openalex.org/W2165732545","https://openalex.org/W2173786024","https://openalex.org/W2178040892","https://openalex.org/W2215812048","https://openalex.org/W2253345283","https://openalex.org/W2272000518","https://openalex.org/W2289913616","https://openalex.org/W2312987735","https://openalex.org/W2313917057","https://openalex.org/W2316895237","https://openalex.org/W2317993868","https://openalex.org/W2321278054","https://openalex.org/W2322067933","https://openalex.org/W2323185564","https://openalex.org/W2324594128","https://openalex.org/W2327047986","https://openalex.org/W2394546801","https://openalex.org/W2396711716","https://openalex.org/W2404527552","https://openalex.org/W2416111824","https://openalex.org/W2417835697","https://openalex.org/W2418687429","https://openalex.org/W2472687765","https://openalex.org/W2510236000","https://openalex.org/W2588506234","https://openalex.org/W2624665856","https://openalex.org/W2624679749","https://openalex.org/W2746863399","https://openalex.org/W2949528073","https://openalex.org/W2950105308","https://openalex.org/W2950410137","https://openalex.org/W2950754119","https://openalex.org/W2952307871","https://openalex.org/W2952956290","https://openalex.org/W3004477954","https://openalex.org/W4206507674","https://openalex.org/W4211162080","https://openalex.org/W4251139957","https://openalex.org/W4252671483","https://openalex.org/W4255870175","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4297959863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979514032","https://openalex.org/W2909993570","https://openalex.org/W2069196817","https://openalex.org/W217057739","https://openalex.org/W2044845849","https://openalex.org/W599997389","https://openalex.org/W2013032882","https://openalex.org/W2136901450","https://openalex.org/W34062707","https://openalex.org/W1969609139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"much":[1],"has":[2,14,291],"been":[3,15,206],"written":[4],"in":[5,108,116,130,138,310],"recent":[6],"years":[7],"about":[8],"rational":[9,64,72,76,285,336],"drug":[10,13,65,73,276,306],"design,":[11],"no":[12],"designed":[16,318],"de":[17,215],"novo,":[18],"that":[19,171],"is,":[20,172],"without":[21],"using":[22],"a":[23,32,235,257,273,333],"natural":[24,330],"substrate":[25],"or":[26,28,246,281,325],"inhibitor":[27],"screening":[29,141,328,343],"lead":[30,104],"as":[31,36,145,147,203,288],"starting":[33],"point.":[34],"Instead,":[35],"we":[37,226,293],"have":[38,205,256,294],"seen,":[39],"medicinal":[40],"chemists":[41],"continue":[42],"to":[43,60,93,167,178,182,229,260,305],"depend":[44],"upon":[45],"serendipitous":[46],"discovery":[47,74],"of":[48,83,100,175,191,200,211,218,234,243,251,272,299,314,339],"novel":[49,53],"biological":[50,101],"activities":[51],"and":[52,75,86,89,110,113,118,142,156,302],"chemical":[54,119],"entities":[55],"for":[56,140,148,329],"structures":[57,95],"on":[58,188],"which":[59,133],"begin":[61],"work.":[62],"What":[63],"design":[66,168,217,271,307],"really":[67],"means":[68],"at":[69],"present":[70],"is":[71,332,345],"optimization.":[77,286],"These":[78,121],"result":[79],"from":[80],"the":[81,97,162,173,189,192,240,244,247,252,269,300,321],"application":[82],"modern":[84,151],"structural":[85],"mechanistic":[87],"biochemistry,":[88],"good":[90],"synthetic":[91],"chemistry,":[92],"obtain":[94],"with":[96,278],"desired":[98],"spectrum":[99],"activities.":[102],"Traditionally,":[103],"compounds":[105],"were":[106],"discovered":[107,326],"plant":[109],"animal":[111],"extracts,":[112],"more":[114],"recently":[115,207],"microorganisms":[117],"libraries.":[120],"traditional":[122],"approaches":[123,304],"continue,":[124],"but":[125],"are":[126,196,308],"augmented":[127],"by":[128,150,263,319,327,342],"advances":[129],"molecular":[131],"biology,":[132],"now":[134,160],"provide":[135,161],"pure":[136],"proteins":[137],"quantity":[139],"structure":[143,283],"determination,":[144],"well":[146],"characterization":[149],"biophysical":[152],"methods.":[153],"Remarkably,":[154],"x-ray":[155,282],"NMR":[157,280],"methods":[158],"can":[159],"most":[163],"important":[164],"information":[165],"needed":[166],"new":[169,219,274],"drugs,":[170],"conformations":[174],"ligands":[176,185],"bound":[177],"target":[179,236],"proteins.":[180],"Approaches":[181],"identifying":[183],"possible":[184],"based":[186],"only":[187,239],"knowledge":[190],"enzyme":[193,237,245,316,322],"active":[194],"site":[195],"being":[197],"developed.":[198],"Some":[199,298],"these,":[201],"such":[202],"CAVEAT,":[204],"reviewed.":[208],"In":[209],"spite":[210],"these":[212],"impressive":[213],"gains,":[214],"novo":[216],"drugs":[220],"will":[221],"not":[222],"be":[223],"achieved":[224],"until":[225],"learn":[227],"how":[228],"logically":[230],"build":[231],"specific":[232],"inhibitors":[233],"knowing":[238,320],"protein":[241],"sequence":[242,250],"amino":[248],"acid":[249],"messenger":[253],"substances.":[254],"We":[255],"long":[258],"way":[259],"go,":[261],"because":[262],"this":[264,289],"very":[265,334],"rigorous":[266],"definition,":[267],"even":[268],"successful":[270,335],"nonpeptide":[275],"beginning":[277],"enzyme-ligand":[279],"constitutes":[284],"However,":[287],"article":[290],"illustrated,":[292],"made":[295],"great":[296],"progress.":[297],"current":[301],"futuristic":[303],"shown":[309],"Fig.":[311],"8.":[312],"Development":[313],"useful":[315],"inhibitors,":[317,331],"catalytic":[323],"mechanism":[324],"method.":[337],"Discovery":[338],"receptor":[340],"antagonists":[341],"protocols":[344],"also":[346],"productive.(ABSTRACT":[347],"TRUNCATED":[348],"AT":[349],"400":[350],"WORDS)":[351]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
