{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000942756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499002076","title":"Processing speed, exposure to print, and naming speed","display_name":"Processing speed, exposure to print, and naming speed","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000942756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499002076","mag":"2000942756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0142716499002076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499002076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499002076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38427009","display_name":"Applied Psycholinguistics","issn_l":"0142-7164","issn":["0142-7164","1469-1817"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psycholinguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032049040","display_name":"Robert V. Kail","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Kail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016696203","display_name":"Lynda K. Hall","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81461992","display_name":"Ohio Wesleyan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qj9qr34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81461992"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynda K. Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ohio Wesleyan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ohio Wesleyan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81461992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044679678","display_name":"Bradley J. Caskey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14403649","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013River Falls","ror":"https://ror.org/02ep9vf55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14403649"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bradley J. Caskey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin, River Falls"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin, River Falls","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14403649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032049040"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5196,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":177,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94951665,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"303","last_page":"314"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13061","display_name":"Literacy and Educational Practices","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processing-speed","display_name":"processing speed","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naming-speed","display_name":"naming speed","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/print-exposure","display_name":"print exposure","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-experience","display_name":"reading experience","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-skills","display_name":"reading skills","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-changes","display_name":"age-related changes","score":0.5849999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.8440976142883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8031243085861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4786714017391205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.44111573696136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.373567134141922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3471311032772064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09416165947914124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0142716499002076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499002076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499002076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38427009","display_name":"Applied Psycholinguistics","issn_l":"0142-7164","issn":["0142-7164","1469-1817"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psycholinguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972909829","https://openalex.org/W1973426836","https://openalex.org/W1991057031","https://openalex.org/W1994523501","https://openalex.org/W2018282120","https://openalex.org/W2018879227","https://openalex.org/W2019565508","https://openalex.org/W2020243704","https://openalex.org/W2021448702","https://openalex.org/W2026787615","https://openalex.org/W2040807102","https://openalex.org/W2045222549","https://openalex.org/W2056966126","https://openalex.org/W2072628225","https://openalex.org/W2073602416","https://openalex.org/W2139996490","https://openalex.org/W2164995141"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060511525","https://openalex.org/W2140240593","https://openalex.org/W1975634780","https://openalex.org/W1990289074","https://openalex.org/W2006360356","https://openalex.org/W4248712933","https://openalex.org/W2095845433","https://openalex.org/W2004519032","https://openalex.org/W2058325385","https://openalex.org/W3196135508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,76],"aim":[2],"of":[3,12,31,41,82],"the":[4,10,19,83,87],"present":[5],"research":[6],"was":[7],"to":[8,25,36],"determine":[9],"role":[11],"reading-related":[13],"experience":[14,68],"and":[15,46,51,73,92],"processing":[16,43,62],"speed":[17,91],"on":[18],"time":[20,63],"it":[21],"took":[22],"for":[23,86],"children":[24],"name":[26],"familiar":[27],"stimuli.":[28],"A":[29],"total":[30],"168":[32],"children,":[33],"aged":[34],"7":[35],"13,":[37],"were":[38,56],"administered":[39],"measures":[40],"global":[42],"speed,":[44],"title":[45,74],"author":[47,72],"recognition,":[48],"naming":[49,90],"time,":[50],"reading":[52,67],"ability.":[53],"Naming":[54],"times":[55],"predicted":[57],"by":[58,66,71],"age-related":[59],"change":[60],"in":[61,80],"but":[64],"not":[65],"(as":[69],"assessed":[70],"recognition).":[75],"results":[77],"are":[78],"discussed":[79],"terms":[81],"factors":[84],"responsible":[85],"relation":[88],"between":[89],"reading.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}