{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000932730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","title":"Hybrid Discourse in the General Prologue Portraits","display_name":"Hybrid Discourse in the General Prologue Portraits","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000932730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","mag":"2000932730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/sac.0.0015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","pdf_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/268756/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764562219","display_name":"Studies in the age of Chaucer","issn_l":"0190-2407","issn":["0190-2407","1949-0755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969386","host_organization_name":"New Chaucer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969386"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["New Chaucer Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/268756/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074255400","display_name":"Thomas J. Farrell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7775-2866","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7775-2866"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99490713","display_name":"Stetson University","ror":"https://ror.org/01efrfk30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99490713"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas J. Farrell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stetson University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stetson University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99490713"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074255400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99490713"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.4979,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98064858,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.8446999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.8446999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13167","display_name":"Historical, Literary, and Cultural Studies","score":0.07509999722242355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12461","display_name":"Narrative Theory and Analysis","score":0.05810000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geoffrey-chaucer","display_name":"Geoffrey Chaucer","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-canterbury-tales","display_name":"Canterbury Tales","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-prologue","display_name":"General Prologue","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roman-de-troie","display_name":"Roman de Troie","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benoit-de-sainte-maure","display_name":"Beno\u00eet de Sainte-Maure","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literary-influence","display_name":"literary influence","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative-technique","display_name":"narrative technique","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-description","display_name":"character description","score":0.3580000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780627709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920285","display_name":"Prologue","level":2,"score":0.9860146045684814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162462552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134307","display_name":"Portrait","level":2,"score":0.9039615392684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.7893458604812622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.6915160417556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169087156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131593","display_name":"Framing (construction)","level":2,"score":0.6296858787536621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.5382049083709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3775487542152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.2985207438468933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.1823025345802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.06773999333381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.05090761184692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/sac.0.0015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","pdf_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/268756/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764562219","display_name":"Studies in the age of Chaucer","issn_l":"0190-2407","issn":["0190-2407","1949-0755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969386","host_organization_name":"New Chaucer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969386"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["New Chaucer Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/268756","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/268756","pdf_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/268756","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/sac.0.0015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/sac.0.0015","pdf_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/268756/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764562219","display_name":"Studies in the age of Chaucer","issn_l":"0190-2407","issn":["0190-2407","1949-0755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4360969386","host_organization_name":"New Chaucer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4360969386"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["New Chaucer Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in the Age of Chaucer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000932730.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000932730.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570782052","https://openalex.org/W575060908","https://openalex.org/W580441648","https://openalex.org/W580966132","https://openalex.org/W589058936","https://openalex.org/W597667136","https://openalex.org/W616587047","https://openalex.org/W637680877","https://openalex.org/W649967488","https://openalex.org/W656988303","https://openalex.org/W1508780889","https://openalex.org/W1540788467","https://openalex.org/W1541644866","https://openalex.org/W1548986627","https://openalex.org/W1557927975","https://openalex.org/W1563581155","https://openalex.org/W1571634314","https://openalex.org/W1573463889","https://openalex.org/W1596498683","https://openalex.org/W1599427751","https://openalex.org/W1969381061","https://openalex.org/W1971054849","https://openalex.org/W1979862703","https://openalex.org/W1980106998","https://openalex.org/W1985562518","https://openalex.org/W1986064678","https://openalex.org/W1986801598","https://openalex.org/W1987001390","https://openalex.org/W2006329142","https://openalex.org/W2010055199","https://openalex.org/W2010185259","https://openalex.org/W2015309286","https://openalex.org/W2021246180","https://openalex.org/W2027724855","https://openalex.org/W2028459937","https://openalex.org/W2030681133","https://openalex.org/W2035012100","https://openalex.org/W2036062672","https://openalex.org/W2039217335","https://openalex.org/W2041997754","https://openalex.org/W2043379763","https://openalex.org/W2044222399","https://openalex.org/W2047313146","https://openalex.org/W2055165837","https://openalex.org/W2067488672","https://openalex.org/W2071410265","https://openalex.org/W2073493349","https://openalex.org/W2073910828","https://openalex.org/W2082275971","https://openalex.org/W2082394749","https://openalex.org/W2085815078","https://openalex.org/W2091655686","https://openalex.org/W2121317606","https://openalex.org/W2121513655","https://openalex.org/W2161098141","https://openalex.org/W2284648867","https://openalex.org/W2298107682","https://openalex.org/W2312836637","https://openalex.org/W2312929533","https://openalex.org/W2321913373","https://openalex.org/W2322546290","https://openalex.org/W2325090742","https://openalex.org/W2325274344","https://openalex.org/W2327999803","https://openalex.org/W2328050869","https://openalex.org/W2329811330","https://openalex.org/W2330276681","https://openalex.org/W2331975827","https://openalex.org/W2466533017","https://openalex.org/W2502036253","https://openalex.org/W2513333268","https://openalex.org/W2527964180","https://openalex.org/W2547378278","https://openalex.org/W2621385685","https://openalex.org/W2796342315","https://openalex.org/W2799355630","https://openalex.org/W2882986594","https://openalex.org/W3140143844","https://openalex.org/W3142959136","https://openalex.org/W3144606374","https://openalex.org/W4248119820","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4297931221"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2278370648","https://openalex.org/W7046069785","https://openalex.org/W7055337854","https://openalex.org/W590647978","https://openalex.org/W4210975853","https://openalex.org/W2566175812","https://openalex.org/W2547378278","https://openalex.org/W2258486675","https://openalex.org/W639203654","https://openalex.org/W3213153182"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Th":[0],"e":[1,377,384,391,396,407],"two":[2,179,591],"chapters":[3],"devoted":[4],"to":[5,279,324,426,563,598],"the":[6,14,21,24,33,44,49,53,70,91,96,99,106,114,137,147,169,185,200,218,223,226,231,247,253,260,268,285,291,311,325,331,342,353,357,435,440,451,486,599,605],"General":[7,193,317,452],"Prologue":[8,232],"in":[9,20,48,52,63,69,95,127,184,195,233,246,267,315,337,417,489,547,583,611],"Sources":[10,196,490],"and":[11,27,116,129,143,155,178,197,206,278,429,468,491,500,539,544,552,571],"Analogues":[12,198,492],"of":[13,23,35,46,55,73,81,85,101,108,131,187,199,225,240,262,310,313,330,352,455,485,493,581],"Canterbury":[15,25,201,292,487,495],"Tales":[16,26],"substantiate":[17],"recent":[18],"interest":[19,245],"framing":[22],"a":[28,250,296,473],"more":[29],"long-standing":[30],"concern":[31],"for":[32,90,182,252,259,288,462,465],"sources":[34],"its":[36,58,424],"portraits'":[37],"details.":[38],"1":[39],"But":[40],"Chaucer's":[41,316,494],"experiment":[42],"with":[43],"structure":[45],"discourse":[47],"Prologue,":[50,254],"especially":[51],"series":[54,454,580],"portraits":[56,219,456,582],"at":[57,113,123,560],"center,":[59],"receives":[60],"scant":[61],"attention":[62],"that":[64,75,87,132,450,472],"reference":[65],"work,":[66],"as":[67,249],"indeed":[68],"sixty":[71],"years":[72],"scholarship":[74,82],"it":[76],"summarizes.Nor":[77],"do":[78],"earlier":[79,162],"summaries":[80],"suggest":[83],"models":[84,258],"portraiture":[86],"adequately":[88],"account":[89],"strikingly":[92],"''new":[93],"art''":[94,328],"Prologue's":[97,332,453],"narration,":[98],"hybridization":[100],"different":[102,344],"discursive":[103],"registers":[104],"within":[105],"narrative.2Portions":[107],"this":[109,419],"article":[110],"were":[111,542,550],"presented":[112],"38th":[115],"39th":[117],"International":[118],"Congresses":[119],"on":[120,604],"Medieval":[121],"Studies":[122,183],"Western":[124],"Michigan":[125],"University":[126,139],"2003":[128],"2004.Revision":[130],"work":[133],"was":[134,165,533,536,558,569,575],"supported":[135],"by":[136,146,151,168,173],"Stetson":[138],"Professional":[140],"Development":[141],"Program,":[142],"greatly":[144],"assisted":[145],"substantial":[148],"suggestions":[149],"made":[150],"Lorraine":[152],"K.":[153],"Stock":[154],"Peter":[156],"G.":[157,271],"Beidler,":[158],"who":[159,283,438],"read":[160],"an":[161,280,334],"complete":[163],"draft.I":[164],"also":[166,229],"helped":[167],"generous":[170],"advice":[171],"provided":[172],"Miriam":[174],"Fuller,":[175],"Alan":[176],"Baragona,":[177],"anonymous":[180],"readers":[181],"Age":[186],"Chaucer.1":[188],"Robert":[189],"R.":[190],"Raymo,":[191],"''The":[192,236,482],"Prologue,''":[194,318],"Tales,":[202,293,496],"ed.Robert":[203],"M.":[204],"Correale":[205],"Mary":[207],"Hamel,":[208],"2":[209],"vols.(Woodbridge,":[210],"Suffolk:":[211],"D.":[212],"S.":[213],"Brewer,":[214],"2002-5),":[215],"1:1-85,":[216],"discusses":[217,230],"individually,":[220],"but":[221,356,421,573],"not":[222,434,559],"construction":[224],"whole.Helen":[227],"Cooper":[228],"her":[234],"chapter":[235],"Frame,''":[237],"1:1-22.Although":[238],"both":[239],"them":[241],"rightly":[242],"address":[243],"current":[244],"Decameron":[248],"source":[251],"Boccaccio":[255],"provides":[256],"no":[257],"kind":[261],"narrative":[263],"description":[264],"we":[265,346],"find":[266],"Tales.As":[269],"Thomas":[270],"Bergin":[272],"notes,":[273],"''Individual":[274],"characterization":[275],"is":[276,433,602],"sketchy":[277],"English-speaking":[281],"reader":[282],"approaches":[284],"[Decameron]":[286],"looking":[287],"something":[289,471],"like":[290],"may":[294],"be":[295],"little":[297],"disconcerting.''Boccaccio":[298],"(New":[299],"York:":[300],"Viking,":[301],"1981),":[302],"p.":[303,510],"292.2":[304],"Charles":[305],"A.":[306],"Owen":[307],"Jr.,":[308],"''Development":[309],"Art":[312],"Portraiture":[314],"LeedsSE":[319],"14":[320],"(1983):":[321],"116-33,":[322],"referred":[323],"''whole":[326],"new":[327],"(p.116)":[329],"portraits,":[333],"art":[335],"built":[336],"part":[338],"from":[339],"''the":[340,350],"indirections,":[341],"many":[343],"ways":[345],"receive":[347],"information,''":[348],"including":[349],"voice":[351],"pilgrim''":[354],"(p.126);":[355],"novelty":[358],"he":[359,574],"identified":[360],"has":[361],"remained":[362],"substantially":[363],"unexplored.Achille":[364],"`s":[365,376],"fu":[366,398],"`de":[367],"grant":[368],"beaute":[369],"\u00b4":[370],"Gros":[371],"ot":[372,395],"le":[373,378],"piz,":[374],"espe":[375],"\u00b4,":[379],"E":[380,409],"les":[381],"membres":[382],"granz":[383],"pleniers,":[385],"Les":[386],"ieuz":[387],"el":[388],"chief":[389],"hardiz":[390],"fiers;":[392],"Crespes":[393],"cheveus":[394],"aubornes.Ne":[397],"mie":[399],"pensis":[400],"ne":[401],"mornes:":[402],"La":[403],"chiere":[404],"aveit":[405],"liee":[406],"joiose":[408],"vers":[410],"son":[411],"enemi":[412],"irose.4Narratologists":[413],"employ":[414],"various":[415],"taxonomies":[416],"describing":[418],"technique":[420],"agree":[422],"about":[423,590],"orientation":[425],"entirely":[427],"external":[428],"objectified":[430],"information;":[431],"subjectivity":[432],"point.5":[436],"Anyone":[437],"knew":[439],"Roman":[441,513],"de":[442,514,518,614],"Troie":[443,515],"could":[444],"readily":[445],"understand":[446],"Derek":[447],"Pearsall's":[448],"warning":[449],"might":[457,477],"similarly":[458],"constitute":[459],"''a":[460],"recipe":[461],"certain":[463],"disaster,":[464],"repetitive":[466],"schematisation":[467],"yawning":[469],"monotony,":[470],"deranged":[474],"rhe":[475],"\u00b4toriqueur":[476],"have":[478],"dreamed":[479],"up.''6":[480],"3":[481],"Literary":[483],"Framework":[484],"Tales,''":[488],"ed.W.":[497],"F.":[498],"Bryan":[499],"Germaine":[501],"Dempster":[502],"(1941;":[503],"rpt.Atlantic":[504],"Highlands,":[505],"N.J.:":[506],"Humanities":[507],"Press,":[508],"1958),":[509],"5.4":[511],"Le":[512],"par":[516],"Benoit":[517],"Sainte-Maure,":[519],"ed.Le":[520],"\u00b4opold":[521],"Constans":[522],"(Paris:":[523],"Firmin":[524],"Didot,":[525],"1906),":[526],"vol.":[527],"1,":[528],"pp.":[529],"267-68,":[530],"lines":[531,588,594],"5157-64.''Achilles":[532],"very":[534],"handsome.He":[535],"big-chested,":[537],"broad":[538],"imposing.His":[540],"limbs":[541],"large":[543],"powerful.The":[545],"eyes":[546],"his":[548,567,578],"head":[549],"keen":[551],"bold.He":[553],"had":[554],"curly":[555],"auburn":[556],"hair.He":[557],"all":[561],"given":[562],"brooding":[564],"or":[565],"sorrow:":[566],"face":[568],"cheerful":[570],"happy;":[572],"wrathful":[576],"towards":[577],"foe.''The":[579],"Beno\u0131":[584],"\u02c6t":[585,601],"stretches":[586],"through":[587],"5093-582,":[589],"hundred":[592],"fewer":[593],"than":[595],"Chaucer":[596],"devotes":[597],"pilgrims.Beno\u0131":[600],"drawing":[603],"possibly":[606],"even":[607],"less":[608],"engaging":[609],"antecedent":[610],"Daretis":[612],"Phrygii":[613],"Excidio":[615],"Troiae":[616],"Historia,":[617],"ed.":[618]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
