{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000922291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","title":"Problems of democratic governance of civil\u2010military relations in Turkey and the European Union enlargement zone","display_name":"Problems of democratic governance of civil\u2010military relations in Turkey and the European Union enlargement zone","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000922291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","mag":"2000922291"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135158421","display_name":"European Journal of Political Research","issn_l":"0304-4130","issn":["0304-4130","1475-6765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Political Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077879226","display_name":"\u00dcmit Cizre","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","display_name":"Bilkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Umit Cizre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey","Bilkent University, Ankara, TURKEY#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilkent University, Ankara, TURKEY#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077879226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.0653,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98374988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"1","first_page":"107","last_page":"125"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11783","display_name":"Turkey's Politics and Society","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11783","display_name":"Turkey's Politics and Society","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14086","display_name":"Military and Defense Studies","score":0.02669999934732914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-military-relations","display_name":"civil-military relations","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decaf","display_name":"DECAF","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkey-s-eu-accession","display_name":"Turkey EU accession","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-enlargement","display_name":"EU enlargement","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nato","display_name":"NATO","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/objective-structured-clinical-examination","display_name":"OSCE","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-and-eastern-europe","display_name":"Central and Eastern Europe","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-role-in-politics","display_name":"military politics","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkey","display_name":"Turkey","score":0.32499998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776161467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877399","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty","level":3,"score":0.7258215546607971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256","display_name":"Turkish","level":2,"score":0.7231284976005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6832011342048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5896773338317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5578137636184692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56281022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11308039","display_name":"Resizing","level":3,"score":0.5320549607276917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.47999709844589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778221078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567586","display_name":"Accession","level":3,"score":0.47639670968055725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781145704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5124770","display_name":"Civil\u2013military relations","level":3,"score":0.4637506604194641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.45031973719596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.423152357339859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.33026257157325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2876085638999939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2761288285255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.17733341455459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11193695664405823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.09399920701980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2004.00147.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135158421","display_name":"European Journal of Political Research","issn_l":"0304-4130","issn":["0304-4130","1475-6765"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Political Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.bilkent.edu.tr:11693/24344","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11693/24344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400079","display_name":"Bilkent University Institutional Repository (Bilkent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","host_organization_name":"Bilkent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Political Research","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542084355","https://openalex.org/W2007736765","https://openalex.org/W2030929371","https://openalex.org/W2057372889","https://openalex.org/W2060124631","https://openalex.org/W2105293846","https://openalex.org/W2107438860","https://openalex.org/W2144111826","https://openalex.org/W2316776191","https://openalex.org/W2328313131","https://openalex.org/W2801533999","https://openalex.org/W4231328578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004725706","https://openalex.org/W2148949900","https://openalex.org/W4220754087","https://openalex.org/W2896783871","https://openalex.org/W7010461492","https://openalex.org/W2072840750","https://openalex.org/W6945964474","https://openalex.org/W2315458878","https://openalex.org/W2753536306","https://openalex.org/W2484891886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"the":[2,5,9,21,24,37,44,47,50,54,80,91,110,116,136,139,155,166,169,174,182,186,191,205],"light":[3],"of":[4,8,23,49,53,60,97,103,173,207],"pre\u2010eminent":[6],"role":[7],"military":[10],"in":[11,42,77,119,158],"Turkish":[12,92,117],"public":[13],"affairs,":[14],"this":[15],"article":[16,45,167],"seeks":[17],"to":[18,34,121,127,153,199,204],"assess":[19],"critically":[20],"suitability":[22],"entry":[25],"criteria":[26],"that":[27,41,123,135,138,141,171,208],"Turkey":[28],"must":[29],"fulfil":[30],"if":[31],"it":[32,151],"is":[33,129,132,148,185],"accede":[35],"into":[36,181],"European":[38,101,183],"fold.":[39],"With":[40],"mind,":[43],"takes":[46],"idea":[48],"\u2018democratic":[51],"control":[52],"armed":[55],"forces\u2019":[56],"(Decaf),":[57],"as":[58,65],"conceived":[59],"by":[61,109,195],"Western":[62,196],"agencies":[63,197],"such":[64],"NATO":[66],"(North":[67],"Atlantic":[68],"Treaty":[69],"Organization),":[70],"OSCE":[71],"(Organization":[72],"for":[73,90,145],"Security":[74],"and":[75,79,84,88,99,202],"Cooperation":[76],"Europe)":[78],"EU":[81],"(European":[82],"Union),":[83],"unravels":[85],"its":[86],"relevance":[87],"implications":[89],"case.":[93],"The":[94],"key":[95],"features":[96],"Central":[98],"Eastern":[100],"systems":[102],"civil\u2010military":[104,188],"relations,":[105],"which":[106,159],"are":[107,113,161],"targeted":[108],"Decaf":[111,128,147],"measures":[112],"contrasted":[114],"with":[115],"case":[118],"order":[120],"show":[122],"a":[124],"single\u2010model":[125],"approach":[126,192],"untenable.":[130],"It":[131],"then":[133],"argued":[134],"way":[137],"strategy":[140],"has":[142],"been":[143],"used":[144],"implementing":[146],"impoverished":[149],"because":[150],"fails":[152,198],"capture":[154],"\u2018real":[156],"politics\u2019":[157],"militaries":[160],"embedded.":[162],"Based":[163],"on":[164],"that,":[165],"reaches":[168],"conclusion":[170],"one":[172],"central":[175],"factors":[176],"preventing":[177],"Turkey's":[178],"potential":[179],"accession":[180],"fold":[184],"prevailing":[187],"relationship.":[189,209],"However,":[190],"being":[193],"employed":[194],"adequately":[200],"recognize":[201],"respond":[203],"nature":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-21T09:56:26.102985","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}