{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000914890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.002320","title":"Fabrication of ridge waveguides in zinc-substituted lithium niobate by means of ion-beam enhanced etching","display_name":"Fabrication of ridge waveguides in zinc-substituted lithium niobate by means of ion-beam enhanced etching","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000914890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.002320","mag":"2000914890","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18923609"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/ol.33.002320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.002320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.002320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134390580","display_name":"Optics Letters","issn_l":"0146-9592","issn":["0146-9592","1071-2763","1539-4794"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029548055","display_name":"Holger Hartung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0264-0820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0264-0820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holger Hartung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany. hartung@iap.uni-jena.de","Institute of Applied Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany. hartung@iap.uni-jena.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111684351","display_name":"E.\u2010B. Kley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernst-Berhard Kley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045742638","display_name":"Andreas T\u00fcnnermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-7626","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-7626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas T\u00fcnnermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027531331","display_name":"Thomas Gischkat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Gischkat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001980029","display_name":"Frank Schrempel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5022-0429","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5022-0429"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Schrempel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084858370","display_name":"Werner Wesch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-6785","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-6785"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Werner Wesch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.51,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89130483,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"20","first_page":"2320","last_page":"2320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11575","display_name":"Nonlinear Photonic Systems","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ridge-waveguide","display_name":"ridge waveguide","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-phase-epitaxy","display_name":"liquid phase epitaxy","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguide-fabrication","display_name":"waveguide fabrication","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguide-attenuation","display_name":"waveguide attenuation","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1064-nm","display_name":"1064 nm","score":0.8240000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777207636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424481","display_name":"Lithium niobate","level":2,"score":0.8531209230422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7987781763076782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7695760726928711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.7299254536628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100460472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2368605","display_name":"Etching (microfabrication)","level":3,"score":0.5664640665054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160671074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267131","display_name":"Wafer","level":2,"score":0.5164873600006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.46729448437690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32277403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740445","display_name":"Ridge","level":2,"score":0.46401891112327576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.4415944814682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.4123142957687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.10038289427757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/ol.33.002320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.002320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.002320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134390580","display_name":"Optics Letters","issn_l":"0146-9592","issn":["0146-9592","1071-2763","1539-4794"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18923609","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18923609","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-85751","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-85751.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IOF","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/216675","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/216675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967814003","https://openalex.org/W1973149254","https://openalex.org/W1974614835","https://openalex.org/W1979500660","https://openalex.org/W1981681949","https://openalex.org/W1986875743","https://openalex.org/W1999350259","https://openalex.org/W2008983093","https://openalex.org/W2009119620","https://openalex.org/W2014645030","https://openalex.org/W2019289172","https://openalex.org/W2025023963","https://openalex.org/W2025757110","https://openalex.org/W2037939503","https://openalex.org/W2038448576","https://openalex.org/W2050677946","https://openalex.org/W2073448855","https://openalex.org/W2075465158","https://openalex.org/W2077463782","https://openalex.org/W2081564360","https://openalex.org/W2098226972","https://openalex.org/W2119300466","https://openalex.org/W2131031908","https://openalex.org/W2161478438","https://openalex.org/W2389454689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100641405","https://openalex.org/W2249354024","https://openalex.org/W2519848190","https://openalex.org/W2516307798","https://openalex.org/W2063013026","https://openalex.org/W2067201507","https://openalex.org/W2119300466","https://openalex.org/W2073448855","https://openalex.org/W2300008119","https://openalex.org/W2014093696"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"results":[2],"on":[3,36],"the":[4],"fabrication":[5],"and":[6,25,44],"characterization":[7],"of":[8,22,28,68,76],"ridge":[9,37],"waveguides":[10,16],"in":[11],"zinc-substituted":[12],"lithium":[13],"niobate.":[14],"High-quality":[15],"were":[17,56],"fabricated":[18],"by":[19,59],"a":[20,39,45,66],"combination":[21],"liquid-phase":[23],"epitaxy":[24],"multiple":[26],"applications":[27],"ion-beam":[29],"enhanced":[30],"etching.":[31],"The":[32],"two":[33],"major":[34],"demands":[35],"waveguides,":[38],"very":[40],"low":[41],"side-wall":[42,49],"roughness":[43],"rectangle":[46],"shape":[47],"with":[48,73],"angles":[50],"close":[51],"to":[52],"90":[53],"degrees":[54],",":[55],"realized":[57],"simultaneously":[58],"using":[60],"this":[61],"technique.":[62],"Single-mode":[63],"waveguiding":[64],"at":[65],"wavelength":[67],"1064":[69],"nm":[70],"was":[71],"demonstrated":[72],"attenuation":[74],"values":[75],"0.9":[77],"dB/cm.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
