{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000871092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","title":"Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation for Failed Bioprosthetic Heart Valves","display_name":"Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation for Failed Bioprosthetic Heart Valves","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000871092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","mag":"2000871092","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20385927"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116251202","display_name":"Circulation","issn_l":"0009-7322","issn":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040339119","display_name":"John G. Webb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7903-2870","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7903-2870"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John G. Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075242638","display_name":"David Alexander Wood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5117-2353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5117-2353","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0456-8969"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370194","display_name":"Jian Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1939-7573","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1939-7573"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037110756","display_name":"Ronen Gurvitch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronen Gurvitch","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001046803","display_name":"Jean\u2010Bernard Masson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5686-3951","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5686-3951"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Bernard Masson","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046485954","display_name":"Josep Rod\u00e9s\u2010Cabau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-7095","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-7095"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josep Rode\u0301s-Cabau","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012456201","display_name":"Mark Osten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-7574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-7574"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Osten","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021133301","display_name":"Eric M. Horlick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1303-0586","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1303-0586"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Horlick","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035140274","display_name":"Olaf Wendler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-5774","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-5774"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Wendler","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013006698","display_name":"\u00c9ric Dumont","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7513-0326","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7513-0326"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Dumont","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105934472","display_name":"Ronald G. Carere","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald G. Carere","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072861214","display_name":"Namal Wijesinghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-0499","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-0499"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Namal Wijesinghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112531220","display_name":"Fabian Nietlispach","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabian Nietlispach","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103137805","display_name":"Mark Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-9697","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-9697"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039532433","display_name":"Christopher Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9206-376X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9206-376X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chrisopher R. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013679521","display_name":"Robert Moss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-3076","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-3076","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-0452"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Moss","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000568658","display_name":"Jonathon A Leipsic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-8334","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-8334","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3892-9029"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathon Leipsic","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084453617","display_name":"Brad I. Munt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brad Munt","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111965284","display_name":"Samuel V. Lichtenstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel V. Lichtenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005007989","display_name":"Anson W. Cheung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1466-2788","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1466-2788"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801362399","display_name":"St. Paul's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wzdr059","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801362399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801845744","display_name":"Toronto General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/026pg9j08","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135357","display_name":"Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec","ror":"https://ror.org/03gf7z214","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801902503","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210139015","https://openalex.org/I4405279980"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anson Cheung","raw_affiliation_strings":["From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From St Paul\u2019s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (J.G.W., D.A.W., J.Y., R.G., J.-B.M., R.G.C., N.W., F.N., M.J., C.R.T., R.M., J.L., B.M., S.V.L., A.C.); Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.); Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.); and King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I2801362399","https://openalex.org/I2801845744","https://openalex.org/I4210135357","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College Hospital, London, UK (O.W.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (J.R.-C., E.D.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.O., E.H.)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801845744"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":50.736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":506,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9988746,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"121","issue":"16","first_page":"1848","last_page":"1857"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10172","display_name":"Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10172","display_name":"Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10618","display_name":"Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11551","display_name":"Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcatheter-valve-in-valve-implantation","display_name":"transcatheter valve-in-valve","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioprosthetic-heart-valve-failure","display_name":"bioprosthetic heart valve failure","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-heart-valves","display_name":"tissue heart valves","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aortic-valve","display_name":"aortic valve","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitral-valve","display_name":"mitral valve","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-valve","display_name":"pulmonary valve","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tricuspid-valve","display_name":"tricuspid valve","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-risk-patients","display_name":"high-risk patients","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeat-valve-surgery","display_name":"repeat valve surgery","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valvular-regurgitation","display_name":"valvular regurgitation","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/30-day-mortality","display_name":"30-day mortality","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-curve","display_name":"learning curve","score":0.8690000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.951671302318573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776229121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215620","display_name":"Heart valve","level":2,"score":0.7012741565704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.636573314666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5335365533828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.32920026779174805}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005471","descriptor_name":"Fluoroscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006350","descriptor_name":"Heart Valve Prosthesis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008944","descriptor_name":"Mitral Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008944","descriptor_name":"Mitral Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008944","descriptor_name":"Mitral Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011474","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011475","descriptor_name":"Prosthesis Failure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011665","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011665","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011665","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012086","descriptor_name":"Reoperation","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014262","descriptor_name":"Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014262","descriptor_name":"Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014262","descriptor_name":"Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019918","descriptor_name":"Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019918","descriptor_name":"Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.924613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116251202","display_name":"Circulation","issn_l":"0009-7322","issn":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:20385927","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20385927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98213234","https://openalex.org/W103019506","https://openalex.org/W180423479","https://openalex.org/W1571511064","https://openalex.org/W1966158742","https://openalex.org/W1976005722","https://openalex.org/W1983427045","https://openalex.org/W1986142308","https://openalex.org/W1990543054","https://openalex.org/W1995004250","https://openalex.org/W1995630229","https://openalex.org/W2001785066","https://openalex.org/W2008755345","https://openalex.org/W2009027338","https://openalex.org/W2012054480","https://openalex.org/W2019939427","https://openalex.org/W2022871585","https://openalex.org/W2048560334","https://openalex.org/W2054436867","https://openalex.org/W2073506886","https://openalex.org/W2090123416","https://openalex.org/W2097047508","https://openalex.org/W2101993519","https://openalex.org/W2110917599","https://openalex.org/W2111988269","https://openalex.org/W2119791141","https://openalex.org/W2127054519","https://openalex.org/W2140592379","https://openalex.org/W2161257617","https://openalex.org/W2163556807","https://openalex.org/W2396953087","https://openalex.org/W2890269455"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993515365","https://openalex.org/W2143741093","https://openalex.org/W2727154133","https://openalex.org/W2070467436","https://openalex.org/W118819835","https://openalex.org/W6921422041","https://openalex.org/W2166014405","https://openalex.org/W2010490277","https://openalex.org/W3010714517","https://openalex.org/W4246825771"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1],"majority":[2],"of":[3,84,127,145,157,170,174,193],"prosthetic":[4],"heart":[5,38],"valves":[6,11,29,66,203],"currently":[7],"implanted":[8],"are":[9],"tissue":[10,202],"that":[12],"can":[13],"be":[14],"expected":[15],"to":[16,26,116,163,206,217],"degenerate":[17],"with":[18,32,81,178,215],"time":[19],"and":[20,35,166,200],"eventually":[21],"fail.":[22],"Repeat":[23],"cardiac":[24],"surgery":[25],"replace":[27],"these":[28],"is":[30,186],"associated":[31],"significant":[33],"morbidity":[34],"mortality.":[36],"Transcatheter":[37,183],"valve":[39,86,180,195,218],"implantation":[40,185],"within":[41],"a":[42,45,50,154,167,187],"failed":[43],"bioprosthesis,":[44],"\"valve-in-valve\"":[46],"procedure,":[47],"may":[48,211],"offer":[49],"less":[51],"invasive":[52],"alternative.":[53],"METHODS":[54],"AND":[55],"RESULTS:":[56],"Valve-in-valve":[57],"implantations":[58],"were":[59,67,129,147,204],"performed":[60],"in":[61,88,120,130,148,220],"24":[62],"high-risk":[63,122,221],"patients.":[64,222],"Failed":[65],"aortic":[68],"(n=10),":[69],"mitral":[70],"(n=7),":[71],"pulmonary":[72],"(n=6),":[73],"or":[74,138,151],"tricuspid":[75,201],"(n=1)":[76],"bioprostheses.":[77],"Implantation":[78],"was":[79,110,113],"successful":[80],"immediate":[82],"restoration":[83],"satisfactory":[85,179],"function":[87],"all":[89],"but":[90],"1":[91],"patient.":[92],"No":[93,102],"patient":[94],"had":[95],"more":[96],"than":[97],"mild":[98],"regurgitation":[99],"after":[100],"implantation.":[101],"patients":[103,128,146,175],"died":[104],"during":[105],"the":[106,141,191],"procedure.":[107],"Thirty-day":[108],"mortality":[109],"4.2%.":[111],"Mortality":[112],"related":[114],"primarily":[115],"learning-curve":[117],"issues":[118],"early":[119],"this":[121,207],"experience.":[123],"At":[124,153],"baseline,":[125],"88%":[126,144],"New":[131],"York":[132],"Heart":[133],"Association":[134],"functional":[135],"class":[136,149],"III":[137],"IV;":[139],"at":[140],"last":[142],"follow-up,":[143],"I":[150],"II.":[152],"median":[155],"follow-up":[156,169],"135":[158],"days":[159],"(interquartile":[160],"range,":[161],"46":[162],"254":[164],"days)":[165],"maximum":[168],"1045":[171],"days,":[172],"91.7%":[173],"remained":[176],"alive":[177],"function.":[181],"CONCLUSIONS:":[182],"valve-in-valve":[184],"reproducible":[188],"option":[189],"for":[190],"management":[192],"bioprosthetic":[194],"failure.":[196],"Aortic,":[197],"pulmonary,":[198],"mitral,":[199],"amenable":[205],"approach.":[208],"This":[209],"finding":[210],"have":[212],"important":[213],"implications":[214],"regard":[216],"replacement":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":97}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
