{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000720068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","title":"Empirical Assessment of Agricultural Development in Manzini Region, Swaziland","display_name":"Empirical Assessment of Agricultural Development in Manzini Region, Swaziland","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000720068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","mag":"2000720068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/afrrev/article/download/72378/61302","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1535467","display_name":"African Research Review","issn_l":"1994-9057","issn":["1994-9057","2070-0083"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Research Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/afrrev/article/download/72378/61302","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046417896","display_name":"M. Kongolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7612-4320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7612-4320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16969244","display_name":"University of Eswatini","ror":"https://ror.org/05nv2rz39","country_code":"SZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}],"countries":["SZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Kongolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kwaluseni Campus, Kwaluseni M 201, Swaziland","Kwaluseni Campus, P/Bag 4, M201, Kwaluseni, Swaziland","University of Swaziland, Department of Economics,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwaluseni Campus, Kwaluseni M 201, Swaziland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwaluseni Campus, P/Bag 4, M201, Kwaluseni, Swaziland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Swaziland, Department of Economics,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054213569","display_name":"BP Simelane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16969244","display_name":"University of Eswatini","ror":"https://ror.org/05nv2rz39","country_code":"SZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}],"countries":["SZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"BP Simelane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kwaluseni Campus, Kwaluseni M 201, Swaziland","Kwaluseni Campus, P/Bag 4, M201, Kwaluseni, Swaziland","University of Swaziland, Department of Economics,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwaluseni Campus, Kwaluseni M 201, Swaziland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwaluseni Campus, P/Bag 4, M201, Kwaluseni, Swaziland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Swaziland, Department of Economics,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081459648","display_name":"D K Dlamini","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16969244","display_name":"University of Eswatini","ror":"https://ror.org/05nv2rz39","country_code":"SZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}],"countries":["SZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DK Dlamini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kwaluseni Campus, P/Bag 4, M201, Kwaluseni, Swaziland","University of Swaziland, Department of Economics,","Kwaluseni Campus, Kwaluseni M 201, Swaziland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwaluseni Campus, P/Bag 4, M201, Kwaluseni, Swaziland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Swaziland, Department of Economics,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwaluseni Campus, Kwaluseni M 201, Swaziland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16969244"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32341156,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"6","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.7148000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.7148000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.1200999990105629,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.1152999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-development","display_name":"agricultural development","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-production","display_name":"maize production","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smallholder-farmers","display_name":"smallholder farmers","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-scale-farmers","display_name":"large-scale farmers","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-size","display_name":"farm size","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-technology-adoption","display_name":"agricultural technology adoption","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/input-prices","display_name":"input prices","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall","display_name":"rainfall","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-area","display_name":"land area","score":0.7350000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.670615017414093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.6164531707763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99656134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912993","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","level":2,"score":0.6156309247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5981501340866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.5845680832862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5714244842529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5634621381759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5409278869628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.43966394662857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2990928292274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.16205599904060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.10446822643280029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.06521832942962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/afrrev/article/download/72378/61302","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1535467","display_name":"African Research Review","issn_l":"1994-9057","issn":["1994-9057","2070-0083"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Research Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v5i6.31","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/afrrev/article/download/72378/61302","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1535467","display_name":"African Research Review","issn_l":"1994-9057","issn":["1994-9057","2070-0083"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Research Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7257999777793884,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.41670000553131104,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000720068.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000720068.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46044913","https://openalex.org/W569622067","https://openalex.org/W630729201","https://openalex.org/W1480385674","https://openalex.org/W2058644861","https://openalex.org/W2331643484","https://openalex.org/W3125450648","https://openalex.org/W4249543359"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220724294","https://openalex.org/W2182183009","https://openalex.org/W2552747629","https://openalex.org/W7117241310","https://openalex.org/W1998305664","https://openalex.org/W2738883217","https://openalex.org/W3035487425","https://openalex.org/W3126116665","https://openalex.org/W2793849298","https://openalex.org/W3045813993"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Agricultural":[0],"development":[1],"strategy":[2],"should":[3],"be":[4],"directed":[5],"towards":[6],"the":[7,10,15,36,87,96,117,130,139,157,164],"shaping":[8],"of":[9,17,23,30,38,61,95,110,120,125,133,141,143,160,163,177],"agricultural":[11],"sector,":[12],"by":[13,175],"increasing":[14],"number":[16],"both":[18,39,75],"small-scale":[19,40,134],"andlarge":[20],"farmers,":[21],"adoption":[22],"incentives":[24],"and":[25,41,52,127,154,179],"increased":[26],"yield/ha.":[27],"The":[28,90,98,167],"aim":[29],"this":[31],"study":[32,88],"was":[33,172],"to":[34,73],"assess":[35],"performance":[37],"large":[42,111,165],"scale":[43,103],"maize":[44,79,105,113,136,161,170],"farmers":[45,104],"in":[46,86,169],"Manzini":[47],"region,":[48],"Swaziland.":[49],"Both":[50],"secondary":[51],"primary":[53],"data":[54,84],"sources":[55],"were":[56,71,129,156],"used":[57,72],"from":[58,108],"a":[59],"sample":[60],"170":[62],"farmers.":[63,166],"Two":[64],"Ordinary":[65],"Least":[66],"Square":[67],"regression":[68],"models":[69],"(OLS)":[70],"analyse":[74],"farmers\u2019":[76,112,135],"characteristics":[77],"influencing":[78],"outputs,":[80],"based":[81],"on":[82],"cross-sectional":[83],"collected":[85],"area.":[89],"model":[91],"predicted":[92],"about":[93],"71.17%":[94],"sample.":[97],"results":[99],"suggested":[100],"that":[101,109],"small":[102],"output":[106,162],"differed":[107],"output.":[114],"In":[115],"fact,":[116],"estimated":[118],"coefficients":[119,140],"yield/ha,":[121,149],"input":[122,146],"price,":[123,147],"area":[124,142],"land":[126],"rainfall":[128,155],"significant":[131,158],"determinants":[132,159],"output,":[137],"while":[138],"land,":[144],"fertilizer,":[145],"labour,":[148],"as":[150,152],"well":[151],"technology":[153,176],"difference":[168],"production":[171,178],"mainly":[173],"caused":[174],"know-how.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}