{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000710993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","title":"The Missing Dark Energy of the Cosmos from Light Cone Topological Velocity and Scaling of the Planck Scale","display_name":"The Missing Dark Energy of the Cosmos from Light Cone Topological Velocity and Scaling of the Planck Scale","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000710993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","mag":"2000710993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=35744","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198314","display_name":"Open Journal of Microphysics","issn_l":"2162-2450","issn":["2162-2450","2162-2469"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Microphysics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=35744","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111857036","display_name":"Mohamed Saladin El Naschie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84524832","display_name":"Alexandria University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mzz1w90","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed S. El Naschie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111857036"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2151,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95589898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"03","issue":"03","first_page":"64","last_page":"70"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.8817999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.8817999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.07930000126361847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.019300000742077827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-energy","display_name":"dark energy","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-cone","display_name":"light cone","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-relativity","display_name":"quantum relativity","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-gravity","display_name":"quantum gravity","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-acceleration","display_name":"cosmic acceleration","score":0.8019999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8436487913131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172790937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18343","display_name":"Dark energy","level":3,"score":0.7522566318511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197067312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137903","display_name":"Light cone","level":2,"score":0.5538846850395203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778963380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221392","display_name":"Observable universe","level":3,"score":0.48257437348365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.4781300127506256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166126730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725309","display_name":"Planck","level":2,"score":0.43595099449157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147452769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11452","display_name":"General relativity","level":2,"score":0.4339791238307953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108568745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234181","display_name":"Quantum gravity","level":3,"score":0.4320589601993561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.4249148368835449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.36130666732788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3400171995162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.2984226942062378}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=35744","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198314","display_name":"Open Journal of Microphysics","issn_l":"2162-2450","issn":["2162-2450","2162-2469"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Microphysics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojm.2013.33012","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=35744","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198314","display_name":"Open Journal of Microphysics","issn_l":"2162-2450","issn":["2162-2450","2162-2469"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Microphysics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000710993.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000710993.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40810199","https://openalex.org/W332812907","https://openalex.org/W635249708","https://openalex.org/W1485529133","https://openalex.org/W1592877175","https://openalex.org/W1665355036","https://openalex.org/W1972372613","https://openalex.org/W1982894868","https://openalex.org/W2000158313","https://openalex.org/W2005820905","https://openalex.org/W2018126774","https://openalex.org/W2033590026","https://openalex.org/W2059690926","https://openalex.org/W2087767312","https://openalex.org/W2087945706","https://openalex.org/W2094662090","https://openalex.org/W2101753325","https://openalex.org/W2108245677","https://openalex.org/W2108625605","https://openalex.org/W2115553704","https://openalex.org/W2123904937","https://openalex.org/W2145878126","https://openalex.org/W2152978115","https://openalex.org/W2157141168","https://openalex.org/W2163524995","https://openalex.org/W2164252329","https://openalex.org/W2486398228","https://openalex.org/W2798433580","https://openalex.org/W2798547521","https://openalex.org/W3101004335","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183880384","https://openalex.org/W2170700595","https://openalex.org/W1994742722","https://openalex.org/W2023303048","https://openalex.org/W2140560565","https://openalex.org/W7134826764","https://openalex.org/W2795144517","https://openalex.org/W7137249362","https://openalex.org/W2068745243","https://openalex.org/W2059690926"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26,45,127,167,215,227],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,8],"exact":[4],"analysis":[5,129],"leading":[6],"to":[7,75,141,224],"accurate":[9],"theoretical":[10],"prediction":[11],"of":[12,15,51,78,83,89,156,175,187,208,248],"the":[13,16,24,38,41,49,122,142,171,176,180,188,204,209,239,245,254],"amount":[14],"mysteriously":[17],"missing":[18],"hypothetical":[19],"dark":[20,184],"energy":[21,146,174,185],"density":[22,186],"in":[23,32,101,115,150,219],"cosmos.":[25],"value":[27,107],"found,":[28],"namely":[29],"95.4915028%":[30],"is":[31,130,169,182,242],"full":[33],"agreement":[34],"with":[35],"earlier":[36,151],"analysis,":[37],"WMAP":[39],"and":[40,99,119,196],"supernova":[42],"cosmic":[43],"measurements.":[44],"work":[46],"follows":[47],"first":[48,95,168],"strategy":[50],"finding":[52],"a":[53,58,62,79,90,105,133,234,249],"critical":[54,91,106,123,216],"point":[55,124],"which":[56,191],"separates":[57],"semi-classical":[59],"regime":[60],"from":[61,203],"fully":[63],"relativistic":[64],"domain":[65],"given":[66],"by":[67,97,117,153,258],"topological":[68,80],"unit":[69,85],"interval":[70],"velocity":[71,92,136,217],"parameter":[72,93,218],"then":[73],"proceeds":[74],"wider":[76,246],"aspects":[77],"quantum":[81,144,162,177,189],"field":[82],"fractal":[84],"interval.":[86],"This":[87,139],"idea":[88],"was":[94],"advanced":[96],"Sigalotti":[98],"Mejias":[100],"2006":[102],"who":[103],"proposed":[104,257],"equal":[108],".":[109,214,226],"A":[110],"second":[111,181],"interesting":[112],"proposal":[113],"made":[114],"2012":[116],"Hendi":[118],"Sharifzadeh":[120],"set":[121],"at":[125],"0.8256645.":[126],"present":[128],"based":[131],"upon":[132],"light":[134],"cone":[135],"quantized":[137],"coordinate.":[138],"leads":[140],"same":[143],"relativity":[145],"mass":[147],"relation":[148],"found":[149],"publications":[152],"rescaling":[154],"that":[155],"Einstein\u2019s":[157],"special":[158],"relativity.":[159],"Two":[160],"effective":[161],"gravity":[163],"formulae":[164],"are":[165,231],"obtained.":[166],"for":[170,183,253],"ordinary":[172],"measurable":[173],"particle":[178],"while":[179],"wave":[190],"we":[192,197],"cannot":[193],"measure":[194],"directly":[195],"can":[198],"only":[199],"infer":[200],"its":[201],"existence":[202],"measured":[205],"accelerated":[206],"expansion":[207],"universe":[210],"E(D)":[211],"=":[212],"where":[213],"this":[220],"case":[221],"arises":[222],"naturally":[223],"be":[225],"results":[228],"so":[229],"obtained":[230],"validated":[232],"using":[233],"heuristic":[235],"Lorentzian":[236],"transformation.":[237],"Finally":[238],"entire":[240],"methodology":[241],"put":[243],"into":[244],"perspective":[247],"fundamental":[250],"scaling":[251],"theory":[252],"Planck":[255],"scale":[256],"G.":[259],"Gross.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}