{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000700955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669700500404","title":"The Caregiver Strain Questionnaire","display_name":"The Caregiver Strain Questionnaire","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000700955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669700500404","mag":"2000700955"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/106342669700500404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669700500404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669700500404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24815079","display_name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","issn_l":"1063-4266","issn":["1063-4266","1538-4799"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076352414","display_name":"Ana Mar\u00eda Brannan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9651-0619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9651-0619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287198","display_name":"ORC Macro (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04cqh8h97","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405287198","https://openalex.org/I61822063"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Maria Brannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ana Maria Brannan is an investigator at Macro International, Inc. Address: Ana Maria Brannan, Macro International, Inc., 3 Corporate Square, Suite 370, Atlanta, GA 30329"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ana Maria Brannan is an investigator at Macro International, Inc. Address: Ana Maria Brannan, Macro International, Inc., 3 Corporate Square, Suite 370, Atlanta, GA 30329","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061531475","display_name":"Craig Anne Heflinger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Anne Heflinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Craig Anne Heflinger is a senior research associate at the Center for Mental Health Policy, Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy Studies, Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Craig Anne Heflinger is a senior research associate at the Center for Mental Health Policy, Vanderbilt Institute for Public Policy Studies, Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078563966","display_name":"Leonard Bickman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0746-3791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0746-3791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonard Bickman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leonard Bickman is a professor of psychology, psychiatry, and public policy at Vanderbilt University, and director of the Center for Mental Health Policy, Vanderbilt Institute of Public Policy Studies"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leonard Bickman is a professor of psychology, psychiatry, and public policy at Vanderbilt University, and director of the Center for Mental Health Policy, Vanderbilt Institute of Public Policy Studies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":452,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94124984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"212","last_page":"222"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12980","display_name":"Family Caregiving in Mental Illness","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12980","display_name":"Family Caregiving in Mental Illness","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11632","display_name":"Family and Disability Support Research","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13574","display_name":"Family Support in Illness","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-burden","display_name":"caregiver burden","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-impact","display_name":"family impact","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-and-behavioral-disorders","display_name":"emotional and behavioral disorders","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-and-adolescents","display_name":"children and adolescents","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parents","display_name":"parents","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deinstitutionalization","display_name":"deinstitutionalization","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managed-care","display_name":"managed care","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-development","display_name":"scale development","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-structure","display_name":"factor structure","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-and-validity","display_name":"reliability and validity","score":0.699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7294431924819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5726782083511353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5567365884780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4936028718948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.46902671456336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40722632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160137","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.46246403455734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.460529625415802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.4266551733016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.2601456642150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.24448752403259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.19805839657783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15996181964874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/106342669700500404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669700500404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669700500404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24815079","display_name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","issn_l":"1063-4266","issn":["1063-4266","1538-4799"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484864026","https://openalex.org/W1530523730","https://openalex.org/W1963677157","https://openalex.org/W1965154631","https://openalex.org/W1976152478","https://openalex.org/W1981631264","https://openalex.org/W1983818758","https://openalex.org/W1984465903","https://openalex.org/W1984608292","https://openalex.org/W1987611697","https://openalex.org/W1993950669","https://openalex.org/W1994666520","https://openalex.org/W2004704441","https://openalex.org/W2005184890","https://openalex.org/W2013743953","https://openalex.org/W2016101351","https://openalex.org/W2019080878","https://openalex.org/W2020694301","https://openalex.org/W2028008496","https://openalex.org/W2029748181","https://openalex.org/W2043867338","https://openalex.org/W2045712218","https://openalex.org/W2059334100","https://openalex.org/W2060890739","https://openalex.org/W2062013934","https://openalex.org/W2065896932","https://openalex.org/W2065965262","https://openalex.org/W2069045901","https://openalex.org/W2073977407","https://openalex.org/W2074863190","https://openalex.org/W2078986990","https://openalex.org/W2086054882","https://openalex.org/W2090932390","https://openalex.org/W2107959833","https://openalex.org/W2118255733","https://openalex.org/W2124776095","https://openalex.org/W2131653196","https://openalex.org/W2135897145","https://openalex.org/W2139990662","https://openalex.org/W2146791534","https://openalex.org/W2150189306","https://openalex.org/W2227188615","https://openalex.org/W2329192425","https://openalex.org/W2405069337","https://openalex.org/W2731588956","https://openalex.org/W4232675416","https://openalex.org/W4236767716","https://openalex.org/W4251733616","https://openalex.org/W4298091299","https://openalex.org/W4318599405"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765956041","https://openalex.org/W2162599072","https://openalex.org/W1971708594","https://openalex.org/W1969900801","https://openalex.org/W8462139","https://openalex.org/W4401885401","https://openalex.org/W3162136699","https://openalex.org/W4400502925","https://openalex.org/W2327983421","https://openalex.org/W2054689139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,158],"impact":[1],"on":[2,68],"the":[3,29,35,55,62,69,76,82,87,115,135,151,163,174],"family":[4,8],"of":[5,18,54,64,78,89,98,117,123,128,138,176,181],"having":[6],"a":[7,45,51,168],"member":[9],"with":[10,96,102,183],"serious":[11],"emotional":[12,103,184],"problems":[13],"has":[14,146],"been":[15],"an":[16],"area":[17],"concern":[19],"as":[20],"deinstitutionalitation":[21],"and":[22,31,60,100,104,110,149,170],"managed":[23],"care":[24],"have":[25],"shifted":[26],"treatment":[27,66,80],"to":[28,34,40,50,74,134],"community":[30],"primary":[32],"caregiving":[33],"family.":[36,71],"Measures":[37],"are":[38],"needed":[39],"assess":[41],"caregiver":[42,144,177],"strain":[43,124,145,178],"in":[44,155],"way":[46],"that":[47,142,162],"can":[48],"lead":[49],"better":[52],"understanding":[53],"phenomena,":[56],"improve":[57],"clinical":[58],"interventions,":[59],"examine":[61],"outcomes":[63],"new":[65],"modalities":[67],"client's":[70],"In":[72],"order":[73],"study":[75,132],"effects":[77],"this":[79,129],"shift,":[81],"Caregiver":[83,164],"Strain":[84,165],"Questionnaire":[85,166],"(formerly":[86],"Burden":[88],"Care":[90],"Questionnaire)":[91],"was":[92],"developed":[93],"for":[94,173],"use":[95],"families":[97,180],"children":[99,182],"adolescents":[101],"behavioral":[105,186],"disorders.":[106,187],"Findings":[107],"from":[108],"exploratory":[109],"confirmatory":[111],"factor":[112],"analyses":[113],"support":[114],"existence":[116],"three":[118],"related":[119],"but":[120],"unique":[121],"dimensions":[122],"experienced":[125],"by":[126,140],"parents":[127],"population.":[130],"This":[131],"adds":[133],"current":[136],"body":[137],"knowledge":[139],"suggesting":[141],"subjective":[143],"two":[147],"components,":[148],"not":[150],"single":[152],"form":[153],"claimed":[154],"previous":[156],"research.":[157],"results":[159],"also":[160],"indicate":[161],"is":[167],"reliable":[169],"valid":[171],"scale":[172],"measurement":[175],"among":[179],"or":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}