{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000641999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.170","title":"50 years of OR in sport","display_name":"50 years of OR in sport","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000641999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.170","mag":"2000641999"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/jors.2008.170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169988927","display_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","issn_l":"0160-5682","issn":["0160-5682","1476-9360"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040534664","display_name":"Mike B. Wright","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5691-2418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5691-2418"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M B Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lancaster University\rLancaster\rUK","Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lancaster University\rLancaster\rUK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040534664"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.8711,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97223504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"sup1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.8389000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.8389000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Physical Education and Sports Studies","score":0.05040000006556511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13706","display_name":"Management and Optimization Techniques","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-scheduling","display_name":"sports scheduling","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-forecasting","display_name":"sports prediction","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amateur-sports","display_name":"amateur sports","score":0.9210000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778044066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455595","display_name":"Amateur","level":2,"score":0.8376530408859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33566652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065927","display_name":"Theme (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5901817083358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.5676925182342529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.4529116153717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3781276047229767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.368935763835907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3468726873397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.34216034412384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.32773470878601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23420509696006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2271181046962738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.14413097500801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09187686443328857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.09104999899864197}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/jors.2008.170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2008.170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169988927","display_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","issn_l":"0160-5682","issn":["0160-5682","1476-9360"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Operational Research Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:pal:jorsoc:v:60:y:2009:i:1:d:10.1057_jors.2008.170","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1057/jors.2008.170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":104,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81761499","https://openalex.org/W101319525","https://openalex.org/W120383566","https://openalex.org/W438150921","https://openalex.org/W621929912","https://openalex.org/W645566950","https://openalex.org/W1483471240","https://openalex.org/W1504761490","https://openalex.org/W1527788842","https://openalex.org/W1596705201","https://openalex.org/W1601564682","https://openalex.org/W1965202200","https://openalex.org/W1968667637","https://openalex.org/W1970245579","https://openalex.org/W1971110338","https://openalex.org/W1977133098","https://openalex.org/W1977762003","https://openalex.org/W1978969143","https://openalex.org/W1983375508","https://openalex.org/W1983956757","https://openalex.org/W1985267424","https://openalex.org/W1987215166","https://openalex.org/W1987501267","https://openalex.org/W1988960592","https://openalex.org/W1990065915","https://openalex.org/W1992104235","https://openalex.org/W1992904423","https://openalex.org/W1994321048","https://openalex.org/W1995900245","https://openalex.org/W1999155265","https://openalex.org/W2002254608","https://openalex.org/W2003185479","https://openalex.org/W2004739521","https://openalex.org/W2004968348","https://openalex.org/W2006485477","https://openalex.org/W2007308092","https://openalex.org/W2010724453","https://openalex.org/W2013098544","https://openalex.org/W2014427171","https://openalex.org/W2015983598","https://openalex.org/W2017700464","https://openalex.org/W2019498740","https://openalex.org/W2020694837","https://openalex.org/W2021756759","https://openalex.org/W2022590561","https://openalex.org/W2024322458","https://openalex.org/W2027669104","https://openalex.org/W2029069893","https://openalex.org/W2033370167","https://openalex.org/W2033683164","https://openalex.org/W2033685027","https://openalex.org/W2034147514","https://openalex.org/W2038309815","https://openalex.org/W2039947456","https://openalex.org/W2042766749","https://openalex.org/W2044566891","https://openalex.org/W2046131757","https://openalex.org/W2048495553","https://openalex.org/W2049754777","https://openalex.org/W2050065906","https://openalex.org/W2053309371","https://openalex.org/W2054432392","https://openalex.org/W2055261722","https://openalex.org/W2060989348","https://openalex.org/W2061975627","https://openalex.org/W2063440457","https://openalex.org/W2066992694","https://openalex.org/W2067499545","https://openalex.org/W2075301280","https://openalex.org/W2077385780","https://openalex.org/W2078281801","https://openalex.org/W2083854042","https://openalex.org/W2084687509","https://openalex.org/W2084862224","https://openalex.org/W2085172312","https://openalex.org/W2087743785","https://openalex.org/W2088265857","https://openalex.org/W2088434526","https://openalex.org/W2089930293","https://openalex.org/W2091323465","https://openalex.org/W2092852046","https://openalex.org/W2093374907","https://openalex.org/W2094581421","https://openalex.org/W2096657767","https://openalex.org/W2098437660","https://openalex.org/W2099996862","https://openalex.org/W2103400215","https://openalex.org/W2118240569","https://openalex.org/W2127735527","https://openalex.org/W2130083072","https://openalex.org/W2139793644","https://openalex.org/W2141055408","https://openalex.org/W2152795302","https://openalex.org/W2166264273","https://openalex.org/W2202278155","https://openalex.org/W2322924360","https://openalex.org/W2341171179","https://openalex.org/W2774267088","https://openalex.org/W2914275007","https://openalex.org/W2921898020","https://openalex.org/W3027385229","https://openalex.org/W4240745494","https://openalex.org/W4243526612","https://openalex.org/W4247046479"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963231755","https://openalex.org/W2007853041","https://openalex.org/W2063020560","https://openalex.org/W2063768389","https://openalex.org/W3193966679","https://openalex.org/W2073015828","https://openalex.org/W2971652702","https://openalex.org/W1541919061","https://openalex.org/W2945599964","https://openalex.org/W4230438002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,90],"reviews":[2],"about":[3,97],"50":[4,100],"years":[5],"of":[6,22,56,67],"activity":[7],"in":[8],"OR":[9],"as":[10],"applied":[11],"to":[12,76],"sports.":[13],"After":[14],"some":[15],"history":[16],"and":[17,28,39,43,59,72,95],"an":[18],"overview,":[19],"including":[20],"discussions":[21],"what":[23,29],"we":[24,30],"mean":[25,31],"by":[26,32],"sport":[27],"OR,":[33],"four":[34],"themes":[35],"are":[36,50,71],"presented:":[37],"tactics":[38],"strategy,":[40],"scheduling,":[41],"forecasting":[42],"\u2018other\u2019.":[44],"Within":[45],"each":[46],"theme":[47],"many":[48],"papers":[49],"discussed,":[51],"showing":[52],"the":[53,98],"wide":[54],"range":[55],"methods":[57],"used":[58],"sports":[60],"analysed.":[61],"The":[62,89],"issue":[63],"is":[64,78,84],"then":[65],"raised":[66],"who":[68,73],"our":[69],"clients":[70],"they":[74],"ought":[75],"be\u2014it":[77],"suggested":[79],"that":[80],"not":[81],"nearly":[82],"enough":[83],"done":[85],"for":[86],"amateur":[87],"sport.":[88],"ends":[91],"with":[92],"a":[93],"conclusion":[94],"speculations":[96],"next":[99],"years.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}