{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000640369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","title":"Viewer Responses to Character Race and Social Status in Advertising: Blacks See Color, Whites See Class","display_name":"Viewer Responses to Character Race and Social Status in Advertising: Blacks See Color, Whites See Class","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000640369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","mag":"2000640369"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232136","display_name":"Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising","issn_l":"1064-1734","issn":["1064-1734","2164-7313"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Current Issues &amp; Research in Advertising","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068393801","display_name":"Gregory J. Hoplamazian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165556055","display_name":"Loyola University Maryland","ror":"https://ror.org/01by1wp65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165556055"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory J. Hoplamazian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165556055"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042851315","display_name":"Osei Appiah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-2392","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-2392"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osei Appiah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068393801"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165556055"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9296,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92850838,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"57","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12908","display_name":"Media, Gender, and Advertising","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12908","display_name":"Media, Gender, and Advertising","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10145","display_name":"Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification","score":0.042500000447034836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.028999999165534973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewer-response","display_name":"viewer response","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/print-advertising","display_name":"print advertising","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-cues","display_name":"racial cues","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification-theory","display_name":"identification theory","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-representation","display_name":"minority representation","score":0.5139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47385372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098943","display_name":"Optimal distinctiveness theory","level":2,"score":0.9225398898124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7599420547485352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.63739413022995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110888244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social class","level":2,"score":0.6224555373191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6213483810424805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5730746388435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.5605146288871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.5264587998390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5215528011322021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142806620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189970","display_name":"Social status","level":2,"score":0.5050929188728333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.47705498337745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.44052284955978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.19546300172805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.1183168888092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.07151719927787781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.06322863698005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2013.754709","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210232136","display_name":"Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising","issn_l":"1064-1734","issn":["1064-1734","2164-7313"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Current Issues &amp; Research in Advertising","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W208248975","https://openalex.org/W576973112","https://openalex.org/W1516619206","https://openalex.org/W1531005791","https://openalex.org/W1550051180","https://openalex.org/W1971426685","https://openalex.org/W1972915807","https://openalex.org/W1975120692","https://openalex.org/W1978781571","https://openalex.org/W1979861175","https://openalex.org/W1989528006","https://openalex.org/W1994049447","https://openalex.org/W1999064506","https://openalex.org/W2005025145","https://openalex.org/W2007600582","https://openalex.org/W2009502507","https://openalex.org/W2011481946","https://openalex.org/W2012407034","https://openalex.org/W2013464365","https://openalex.org/W2023623257","https://openalex.org/W2028760679","https://openalex.org/W2029698446","https://openalex.org/W2029991621","https://openalex.org/W2034242785","https://openalex.org/W2040721962","https://openalex.org/W2041510440","https://openalex.org/W2043832326","https://openalex.org/W2044590617","https://openalex.org/W2056782407","https://openalex.org/W2057472101","https://openalex.org/W2061260166","https://openalex.org/W2070679881","https://openalex.org/W2077599062","https://openalex.org/W2078240565","https://openalex.org/W2079069176","https://openalex.org/W2080725292","https://openalex.org/W2083439948","https://openalex.org/W2085804823","https://openalex.org/W2091999727","https://openalex.org/W2093473147","https://openalex.org/W2093556221","https://openalex.org/W2093771648","https://openalex.org/W2093913819","https://openalex.org/W2106189882","https://openalex.org/W2109624494","https://openalex.org/W2112693618","https://openalex.org/W2119126500","https://openalex.org/W2119721601","https://openalex.org/W2120862798","https://openalex.org/W2130559142","https://openalex.org/W2133244974","https://openalex.org/W2136360414","https://openalex.org/W2144805881","https://openalex.org/W2153233446","https://openalex.org/W2156188534","https://openalex.org/W2164152844","https://openalex.org/W2165337441","https://openalex.org/W2170017011","https://openalex.org/W2279582909","https://openalex.org/W2330225546","https://openalex.org/W2339025927","https://openalex.org/W3124706372","https://openalex.org/W4211108930","https://openalex.org/W4231495575","https://openalex.org/W4236833669","https://openalex.org/W4240682258","https://openalex.org/W4252134212"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059187574","https://openalex.org/W7055491515","https://openalex.org/W2330225546","https://openalex.org/W2093771648","https://openalex.org/W2289674527","https://openalex.org/W1995494960","https://openalex.org/W1983518658","https://openalex.org/W1985503764","https://openalex.org/W2057472101","https://openalex.org/W2323575519"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"on":[1,39,59,68],"minority":[2],"appearances":[3],"in":[4,23,94,100,114],"advertising":[5,63,85],"has":[6,47],"suggested":[7],"that":[8,105],"racial":[9],"minorities":[10],"need":[11],"to":[12,42,50,97],"be":[13],"not":[14],"only":[15],"more":[16,20],"numerically":[17],"represented":[18],"but":[19],"appropriately":[21],"portrayed":[22],"a":[24,116],"variety":[25],"of":[26,36,54,74,160],"social":[27,56,71,90,122,144,158,161],"class":[28,72,123,162],"contexts.":[29],"While":[30],"studies":[31],"have":[32],"explored":[33],"the":[34,52,70,111,125,157],"impact":[35,53,159],"character":[37],"race":[38,88,109,149],"viewer":[40,101],"responses":[41],"advertising,":[43],"little":[44],"empirical":[45],"work":[46],"been":[48],"done":[49],"understand":[51],"characters'":[55],"status":[57,91,145],"portrayal":[58,73],"viewers'":[60],"identification":[61,83,133],"with":[62,84,132],"characters.":[64,86],"This":[65],"article":[66],"focuses":[67],"how":[69],"black":[75,106],"and":[76,82,89,134,146,156],"white":[77,119],"characters":[78],"influences":[79],"advertisement":[80],"evaluations":[81],"Character":[87],"is":[92,139],"manipulated":[93],"print":[95],"ads":[96],"examine":[98],"differences":[99],"response.":[102],"Results":[103],"indicate":[104],"participants":[107,120],"use":[108,121,143,148],"as":[110,124,150],"primary":[112,126],"cue":[113],"evaluating":[115],"character,":[117],"while":[118],"cue.":[127],"These":[128],"findings":[129],"are":[130,164],"consistent":[131],"distinctiveness":[135],"theories.":[136],"Additionally,":[137],"evidence":[138],"found":[140],"suggesting":[141],"blacks":[142],"whites":[147],"secondary":[151],"cues.":[152],"Implications":[153],"for":[154],"advertisers":[155],"portrayals":[163],"discussed.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
