{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000616482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","title":"Monetary Reward, Verbal Reinforcement, and Harvest Strategy of Others in the Commons Dilemma","display_name":"Monetary Reward, Verbal Reinforcement, and Harvest Strategy of Others in the Commons Dilemma","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000616482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","mag":"2000616482"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75832472","display_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","issn_l":"0022-4545","issn":["0022-4545","1940-1183"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040910893","display_name":"Andrej A. Birjulin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrej A. Birjulin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026251789","display_name":"Jeffrey Michael Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-4068","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-4068"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168416876","display_name":"Northern Kentucky University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k44g025","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168416876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey M. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Northern Kentucky University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Northern Kentucky University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168416876"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088502296","display_name":"Paul A. Bell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul A. Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.8698,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96214163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"133","issue":"2","first_page":"207","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12892","display_name":"Social Power and Status Dynamics","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commons-dilemma","display_name":"commons dilemma","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-conservation","display_name":"resource conservation","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-rewards","display_name":"monetary rewards","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbal-reinforcement","display_name":"verbal reinforcement","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harvesting-strategies","display_name":"harvest strategies","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-influence","display_name":"social influence","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-behavior","display_name":"competitive behavior","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-structure","display_name":"reinforcement structure","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-simulation","display_name":"computer simulation","score":0.4180000126361847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.8658699989318848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.8013345003128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49427245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9828451","display_name":"Commons","level":2,"score":0.7699575424194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5323928594589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187206662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55607920","display_name":"Social dilemma","level":2,"score":0.5118643641471863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.43160033226013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.38676977157592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3346478343009949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19699284434318542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15556931495666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10151931643486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9712138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75832472","display_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","issn_l":"0022-4545","issn":["0022-4545","1940-1183"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Social Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1893058147","https://openalex.org/W1979759789","https://openalex.org/W1999720234","https://openalex.org/W2003364322","https://openalex.org/W2008519844","https://openalex.org/W2022179595","https://openalex.org/W2039845595","https://openalex.org/W2048370669","https://openalex.org/W2086821893","https://openalex.org/W2106322223","https://openalex.org/W2132252879","https://openalex.org/W2155914547","https://openalex.org/W2226396244","https://openalex.org/W2294021583","https://openalex.org/W3022671937","https://openalex.org/W4238356094","https://openalex.org/W4239595648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048370669","https://openalex.org/W2032151617","https://openalex.org/W2022179595","https://openalex.org/W7047116175","https://openalex.org/W2008388109","https://openalex.org/W2108905307","https://openalex.org/W1964201088","https://openalex.org/W2231130755","https://openalex.org/W2041438288","https://openalex.org/W6990701382"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"commons":[1,80,119],"dilemma":[2],"arises":[3],"when":[4],"individuals":[5],"sharing":[6],"a":[7,21,31,56,68,115],"resource":[8,24],"act":[9],"according":[10],"to":[11,102,118],"their":[12],"short-term":[13],"interests,":[14],"thereby":[15],"causing":[16],"the":[17,73,79],"long-term":[18],"destruction":[19],"of":[20,70,75,90,98],"slowly":[22],"regenerating":[23],"(Piatt,":[25],"1973).":[26],"Seventy-two":[27],"American":[28],"students":[29],"played":[30],"computerized":[32],"commons-dilemma":[33],"simulation":[34],"in":[35,55,96],"which":[36],"verbal":[37,62],"reinforcement":[38,63,112],"for":[39,51,110],"conservation-oriented":[40],"harvests,":[41],"exploitive":[42,65],"harvesting":[43],"strategies":[44],"by":[45],"other":[46],"participants,":[47],"and":[48,105],"monetary":[49,91,103],"rewards":[50,104],"harvests":[52],"were":[53],"crossed":[54],"between-subjects":[57],"factorial":[58],"design.":[59],"As":[60],"expected,":[61],"decreased":[64],"behavior":[66,74],"across":[67],"variety":[69],"circumstances.":[71],"However,":[72],"others":[76],"with":[77,108],"whom":[78],"was":[81],"shared":[82],"affected":[83],"subjects'":[84],"harvest":[85],"strategy":[86],"only":[87],"under":[88],"conditions":[89],"reward.":[92],"Results":[93],"are":[94],"discussed":[95],"terms":[97],"competitive":[99],"influences":[100],"attributable":[101],"others'":[106],"behavior,":[107],"implications":[109],"changing":[111],"structures":[113],"as":[114],"possible":[116],"solution":[117],"dilemmas.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}