{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000591661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.11.00093","title":"Grain shape effect on the anisotropic behaviour of silt\u2013sand mixtures","display_name":"Grain shape effect on the anisotropic behaviour of silt\u2013sand mixtures","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000591661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.11.00093","mag":"2000591661"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1680/geng.11.00093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.11.00093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.11.00093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173004","display_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering","issn_l":"1353-2618","issn":["1353-2618","1751-8563"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322764898","host_organization_name":"Thomas Telford Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322764898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thomas Telford Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016678162","display_name":"Navid Khayat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-3898","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-3898"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110525433","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzn7k21","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Khayat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059046289","display_name":"Abbas Ghalandarzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9939-7842","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9939-7842"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abbas Ghalandarzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering of Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering of Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008085866","display_name":"Mohammad Kazem Jafari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-733X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-733X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13082067","display_name":"International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology","ror":"https://ror.org/03rk5jj58","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13082067"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Kazem Jafari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geotechnical Department, International institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES), Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geotechnical Department, International institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES), Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13082067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4738,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83137826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"167","issue":"3","first_page":"281","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-shape","display_name":"grain shape","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anisotropy","display_name":"anisotropy","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roundness","display_name":"roundness","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sphericity","display_name":"sphericity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hollow-cylinder-test","display_name":"hollow cylinder test","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silt-content","display_name":"silt content","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-strain-behavior","display_name":"stress-strain behavior","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sand-strength","display_name":"sand strength","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173913448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1375687","display_name":"Sphericity","level":2,"score":0.9276280403137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161222754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270699","display_name":"Silt","level":2,"score":0.8622468709945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14190554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2496761","display_name":"Roundness (object)","level":2,"score":0.7112200260162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85725439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466686","display_name":"Anisotropy","level":2,"score":0.6894018054008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192191005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466491","display_name":"Grain size","level":2,"score":0.5440645813941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4834471642971039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019750324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686098","display_name":"Diameter ratio","level":2,"score":0.47368553280830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4696062505245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164374781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1444861","display_name":"Void ratio","level":2,"score":0.4405219256877899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4371544122695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992277244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82580","display_name":"Friction angle","level":2,"score":0.426461786031723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3792746663093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.35912925004959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.34922081232070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.3391745388507843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14048922061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10792529582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.06397169828414917}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1680/geng.11.00093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.11.00093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.11.00093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173004","display_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering","issn_l":"1353-2618","issn":["1353-2618","1751-8563"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322764898","host_organization_name":"Thomas Telford Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322764898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thomas Telford Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322667","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965250129","https://openalex.org/W1979291749","https://openalex.org/W1979679763","https://openalex.org/W1988332320","https://openalex.org/W1989614451","https://openalex.org/W1995733738","https://openalex.org/W2010770084","https://openalex.org/W2011435455","https://openalex.org/W2015498619","https://openalex.org/W2018672188","https://openalex.org/W2021906713","https://openalex.org/W2028705900","https://openalex.org/W2047066796","https://openalex.org/W2047508949","https://openalex.org/W2050773557","https://openalex.org/W2055836363","https://openalex.org/W2056970850","https://openalex.org/W2063840151","https://openalex.org/W2065404377","https://openalex.org/W2083328130","https://openalex.org/W2105264611","https://openalex.org/W2119062511","https://openalex.org/W2152810220","https://openalex.org/W2157598932","https://openalex.org/W2169752215","https://openalex.org/W2317345598","https://openalex.org/W2403827640","https://openalex.org/W2992074678","https://openalex.org/W4232848971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2461134218","https://openalex.org/W649491614","https://openalex.org/W4394877650","https://openalex.org/W3048905777","https://openalex.org/W2746164640","https://openalex.org/W1989614451","https://openalex.org/W6930086589","https://openalex.org/W7108097001","https://openalex.org/W2352404602","https://openalex.org/W2788444556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,40,75,100,135],"anisotropy":[1,28],"of":[2,12,15,57,80,111,114,117],"sand\u2013silt":[3],"mixtures":[4],"has":[5],"not":[6],"been":[7],"fully":[8],"studied":[9],"in":[10,29,43,93,178,184],"terms":[11],"the":[13,25,90,109,112,115,118,121,126,146,151,185,191,200],"effects":[14,26],"different":[16,31],"grain":[17,38],"shapes":[18],"and":[19,37,69,84,171,188],"silt":[20,35,78,179],"content.":[21],"This":[22],"study":[23],"investigated":[24],"on":[27,54],"three":[30,55],"sands":[32],"with":[33,61,66,72,168],"various":[34],"contents":[36,79],"shapes.":[39],"tests":[41,52],"performed":[42],"this":[44,94,129,155],"research":[45],"include":[46],"90":[47],"hollow":[48],"cylinder":[49],"torsion":[50],"shear":[51],"conducted":[53],"types":[56],"sand:":[58],"Hamadan":[59],"sand":[60,65,71,167],"high":[62,169],"angularity,":[63],"Firoozkuh":[64],"medium":[67],"angularity":[68],"Tehran":[70],"low":[73],"angularity.":[74],"samples":[76],"had":[77],"0,":[81],"15,":[82],"30":[83],"50":[85],"per":[86],"cent.":[87],"To":[88],"define":[89],"shape":[91],"criteria":[92],"study,":[95],"two":[96,197],"ratios":[97,186,198],"were":[98],"defined.":[99],"first":[101],"was":[102,138],"roundness,":[103],"which":[104,140],"can":[105,141],"be":[106,142,204],"obtained":[107,143],"from":[108],"ratio":[110,130,156],"radius":[113],"corners":[116],"grains":[119],"to":[120,203,206],"largest":[122],"circle":[123],"that":[124],"encompasses":[125],"entire":[127],"grain;":[128],"is":[131,157],"denoted":[132,158],"by":[133,144,150,159],"rr.":[134],"second":[136],"criterion":[137],"sphericity,":[139],"dividing":[145],"smallest":[147],"pictorial":[148],"width":[149],"minimum":[152],"graphical":[153],"length;":[154],"rs.":[160],"Under":[161],"similar":[162],"initial":[163],"effective":[164],"confining":[165],"pressures,":[166],"roundness":[170],"sphericity":[172],"showed":[173],"contractive":[174],"behaviours.":[175],"An":[176],"increase":[177],"content,":[180],"as":[181,183],"well":[182],"rr":[187],"rs,":[189],"decreased":[190],"sample":[192],"strength.":[193],"Moreover,":[194],"increasing":[195],"these":[196],"caused":[199],"stress\u2013strain":[201],"curves":[202],"close":[205],"one":[207],"another.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}