{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000574141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","title":"Comparison of human skin or epidermis models with human and animal skin in in-vitro percutaneous absorption","display_name":"Comparison of human skin or epidermis models with human and animal skin in in-vitro percutaneous absorption","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000574141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","mag":"2000574141","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11250091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131016564","display_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","issn_l":"0378-5173","issn":["0378-5173","1873-3476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075114688","display_name":"Fritz P. Schmook","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155630","display_name":"Novartis (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/04t24x986","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996","https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fritz P. Schmook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009400765","display_name":"Josef G. Meingassner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155630","display_name":"Novartis (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/04t24x986","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996","https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josef G. Meingassner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria","Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038950669","display_name":"Andreas Billich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155630","display_name":"Novartis (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/04t24x986","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996","https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Billich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria","Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novartis Research Institute, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155630"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038950669"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155630"],"apc_list":{"value":4650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":529,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97681159,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"215","issue":"1-2","first_page":"51","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11033","display_name":"Contact Dermatitis and Allergies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10837","display_name":"Dermatology and Skin Diseases","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconstructed-human-epidermis","display_name":"reconstructed human epidermis","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/living-skin-equivalent","display_name":"living skin equivalent","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-skin-model","display_name":"in vitro skin model","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-absorption","display_name":"percutaneous absorption","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-permeation","display_name":"skin permeation","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porcine-skin","display_name":"porcine skin","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rat-skin","display_name":"rat skin","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-skin","display_name":"human skin","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topical-drugs","display_name":"topical drugs","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salicylic-acid","display_name":"salicylic acid","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortisol","display_name":"cortisol","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clotrimazole","display_name":"clotrimazole","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terbinafine","display_name":"terbinafine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-barrier","display_name":"skin barrier","score":0.3160000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777459323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5259911","display_name":"Human skin","level":2,"score":0.9126001596450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7535389","display_name":"Skin equivalent","level":4,"score":0.7997879385948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778221352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193572","display_name":"Salicylic acid","level":2,"score":0.6949031352996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780628323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413546","display_name":"Clotrimazole","level":3,"score":0.6865428686141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776458125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1827343","display_name":"Epidermis (zoology)","level":2,"score":0.6675598621368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.5974727869033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.4865216612815857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.47119948267936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017647366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193459","display_name":"Pig skin","level":2,"score":0.44126713275909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50670333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907651","display_name":"Permeation","level":3,"score":0.44111526012420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.43300861120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.42344942688941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.41015005111694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3435512185096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777074287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1473931","display_name":"Keratinocyte","level":3,"score":0.3187398314476013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2817561626434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.23246002197265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18637922406196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.17065316438674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779548794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578726","display_name":"Antifungal","level":2,"score":0.1327292025089264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.10478535294532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.07788026332855225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002851","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002851","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002851","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004058","descriptor_name":"Diffusion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004058","descriptor_name":"Diffusion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004058","descriptor_name":"Diffusion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004817","descriptor_name":"Epidermis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010539","descriptor_name":"Permeability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010539","descriptor_name":"Permeability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010539","descriptor_name":"Permeability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012869","descriptor_name":"Skin Absorption","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012869","descriptor_name":"Skin Absorption","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012869","descriptor_name":"Skin Absorption","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017768","descriptor_name":"Skin, Artificial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017768","descriptor_name":"Skin, Artificial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017768","descriptor_name":"Skin, Artificial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00665-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131016564","display_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","issn_l":"0378-5173","issn":["0378-5173","1873-3476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11250091","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11250091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of pharmaceutics","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7246000170707703,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969832444","https://openalex.org/W1973783221","https://openalex.org/W1981308736","https://openalex.org/W1986433217","https://openalex.org/W1991534404","https://openalex.org/W2029655757","https://openalex.org/W2038446823","https://openalex.org/W2058749037","https://openalex.org/W2062608406","https://openalex.org/W2063229676","https://openalex.org/W2075158505","https://openalex.org/W2075559543","https://openalex.org/W2084094511","https://openalex.org/W2088175649","https://openalex.org/W2520311327","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6726783131","https://openalex.org/W6771189750"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2176200406","https://openalex.org/W3156103223","https://openalex.org/W1965995498","https://openalex.org/W3014498745","https://openalex.org/W1016894628","https://openalex.org/W2000574141","https://openalex.org/W2010791383","https://openalex.org/W4295546965","https://openalex.org/W3036130397","https://openalex.org/W2032982313"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":32}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}