{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000548691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2070941","title":"Keeping Track: How Schools Structure Inequality.","display_name":"Keeping Track: How Schools Structure Inequality.","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000548691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2070941","mag":"2000548691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2070941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2070941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2070941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4789869","display_name":"Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews","issn_l":"0094-3061","issn":["0094-3061","1939-8638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Contemporary Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109485389","display_name":"Mark Jay Oromaner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Oromaner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110418707","display_name":"Jeannie Oakes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeannie Oakes","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3425,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"93","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.5961999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.5961999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.2849000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11895","display_name":"Social and Cultural Dynamics","score":0.034699998795986176,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-tracking","display_name":"educational tracking","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-inequality","display_name":"educational inequality","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class-inequality","display_name":"class inequality","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-inequality","display_name":"racial inequality","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-segregation","display_name":"school segregation","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-reproduction","display_name":"social reproduction","score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-schools","display_name":"American schools","score":0.3409999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.7492513656616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.7472450733184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776078045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5425270","display_name":"Fast track","level":2,"score":0.4614075720310211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3689426779747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34487342834472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.33736151456832886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3072739839553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08727484941482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08102810382843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.05553704500198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2070941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2070941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2070941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4789869","display_name":"Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews","issn_l":"0094-3061","issn":["0094-3061","1939-8638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Contemporary Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.9629999995231628},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.48570001125335693}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317005797","https://openalex.org/W7066891583","https://openalex.org/W2530280514","https://openalex.org/W1575371597","https://openalex.org/W2598465621","https://openalex.org/W2013744183","https://openalex.org/W2114966021","https://openalex.org/W1643052331","https://openalex.org/W2149025020","https://openalex.org/W2601872714"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Selected":[0],"by":[1,25],"the":[2,23,26,48,81,85],"American":[3,38,54],"School":[4],"Board":[5],"Journal":[6],"a":[7,69,95],"Must":[8],"Read":[9],"book":[10],"when":[11],"it":[12],"was":[13],"first":[14],"published":[15],"and":[16,50,56,73],"named":[17],"one":[18],"of":[19,22,28,32,53,84],"60":[20],"Books":[21],"Century":[24],"University":[27],"South":[29],"Carolina":[30],"Museum":[31],"Education":[33],"for":[34],"its":[35],"influence":[36],"on":[37],"education,":[39],"this":[40],"provocative,":[41],"carefully":[42],"documented":[43],"work":[44],"shows":[45],"how":[46],"taking--reflects":[47],"class":[49],"racial":[51],"inequalities":[52],"society":[55],"helps":[57],"I":[58],"perpetuate":[59],"them.":[60],"For":[61],"his":[62],"new":[63,70,75],"edition,":[64],"Jennies":[65],"Oaks":[66],"has":[67,93],"added":[68],"Pre":[71],"force":[72],"two":[74],"chapters":[76],"in":[77,89],"which":[78,90],"she":[79],"discusses":[80],"tracking":[82],"wars":[83],"last":[86],"twenty":[87],"years.wars":[88],"Keeping":[91],"hand":[92],"played":[94],"central":[96],"role.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":66},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":73},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":94},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":110},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":102},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":105},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":128},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":121},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":139},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":134},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":164},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":168}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}