{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000534177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198009183031203","title":"Hospital Cost Inflation under State Rate-Setting Programs","display_name":"Hospital Cost Inflation under State Rate-Setting Programs","publication_year":1980,"publication_date":"1980-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000534177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198009183031203","mag":"2000534177","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7190645"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm198009183031203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198009183031203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198009183031203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002073213","display_name":"Brian Biles","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150714","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I4210150714"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Biles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management and the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (address reprint requests to Dr. Schramm at 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management and the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (address reprint requests to Dr. Schramm at 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I4210150714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060203280","display_name":"Carl Jude Schramm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-1150","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-1150"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150714","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I4210150714"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl J. Schramm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management and the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (address reprint requests to Dr. Schramm at 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management and the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (address reprint requests to Dr. Schramm at 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I4210150714"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069988562","display_name":"Graham Atkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5739","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5739"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150714","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I4210150714"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Graham Atkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management and the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (address reprint requests to Dr. Schramm at 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins Center for Hospital Finance and Management and the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (address reprint requests to Dr. Schramm at 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I4210150714"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":42.5051,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99866359,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"303","issue":"12","first_page":"664","last_page":"668"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13896","display_name":"Health Services Management and Policy","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-rate-setting","display_name":"hospital rate setting","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-cost-control","display_name":"hospital cost control","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8237221240997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200941418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273508","display_name":"Inflation (cosmology)","level":2,"score":0.5171931982040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993702802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35865","display_name":"Inflation rate","level":3,"score":0.436160683631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.3935611844062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3539998531341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.321112722158432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.16451197862625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.124950110912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175025494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179179","display_name":"Interest rate","level":2,"score":0.07882672548294067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003363","descriptor_name":"Cost Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004219","descriptor_name":"District of Columbia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004469","descriptor_name":"Economics, Hospital","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006764","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Community","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007250","descriptor_name":"Inflation, Economic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008396","descriptor_name":"Maryland","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008404","descriptor_name":"Massachusetts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009515","descriptor_name":"New Jersey","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009518","descriptor_name":"New York","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011445","descriptor_name":"Prospective Payment System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011907","descriptor_name":"Rate Setting and Review","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014861","descriptor_name":"Washington","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm198009183031203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198009183031203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198009183031203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7190645","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7190645","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New England journal of medicine","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7246000170707703,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2143969840","https://openalex.org/W2273367980","https://openalex.org/W2329448115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2396899610","https://openalex.org/W1992126576","https://openalex.org/W2419136915","https://openalex.org/W4300385651","https://openalex.org/W2401782046","https://openalex.org/W2044271050","https://openalex.org/W2273367980","https://openalex.org/W2074592830","https://openalex.org/W4235612260","https://openalex.org/W2092202205"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluations":[0],"of":[1,5,19,35,49,67,74,94,96,112,119],"the":[2,17,33,36,50,56,63,70,113,117],"early":[3],"phases":[4],"state":[6],"efforts":[7],"to":[8,13,60],"control":[9],"hospital":[10,44,77,120],"costs":[11,78],"led":[12],"discouraging":[14],"conclusions":[15],"about":[16],"effectiveness":[18,118],"such":[20,53,103],"programs.":[21],"To":[22],"determine":[23],"whether":[24],"cost":[25],"regulation":[26],"has":[27,82],"improved":[28],"since":[29],"then,":[30],"we":[31],"compared":[32,88],"experience":[34],"six":[37],"states":[38,51,81,101],"that":[39,48,110,126],"have":[40],"comprehensive,":[41],"legally":[42],"mandated":[43],"rate-setting":[45,80,121],"programs":[46,54,104],"with":[47,89],"without":[52,102],"during":[55],"period":[57],"from":[58],"1970":[59],"1978.":[61],"During":[62],"last":[64],"three":[65],"years":[66],"this":[68],"period,":[69],"average":[71,91],"annual":[72,92],"rate":[73,93],"increase":[75,95],"in":[76,79,100],"been":[83],"11.2":[84],"per":[85,98],"cent,":[86],"as":[87],"an":[90],"14.3":[97],"cent":[99],"(P":[105],"<":[106],"0.05).":[107],"We":[108],"conclude":[109],"much":[111],"initial":[114],"pessimism":[115],"regarding":[116],"programs,":[122],"based":[123],"on":[124],"studies":[125],"covered":[127],"earlier":[128],"reporting":[129],"periods,":[130],"may":[131],"be":[132],"unwarranted.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}