{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000514530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","title":"What is intrinsic motivation? A typology of computational approaches","display_name":"What is intrinsic motivation? A typology of computational approaches","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000514530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","mag":"2000514530","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18958277","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2533589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115606517","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","issn_l":"1662-5218","issn":["1662-5218"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112309835","display_name":"Pierre\u2010Yves Oudeyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1277-130X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1277-130X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pierre-Yves Oudeyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sony Computer Science Laboratory, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sony Computer Science Laboratory, Paris, France","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112309835"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":6.2777,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":821,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96154486,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"6","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14308","display_name":"Psychological and Educational Research Studies","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14381","display_name":"Psychiatry, Mental Health, Neuroscience","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrinsic-motivation","display_name":"intrinsic motivation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curiosity","display_name":"curiosity","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-exploration","display_name":"spontaneous exploration","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"reinforcement learning","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-robotics","display_name":"developmental robotics","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"developmental psychology","score":0.4300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.754219651222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6388434171676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6172346472740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.567206084728241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5665848851203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.503795325756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33435437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366791","display_name":"Curiosity","level":2,"score":0.4893795847892761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.4424087703227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42175114154815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.36165621876716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3459750711917877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3398689031600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2357792854309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.13389268517494202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1191328763961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115606517","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","issn_l":"1662-5218","issn":["1662-5218"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2533589","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2533589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Neurorobotics","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:18958277","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18958277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in neurorobotics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.129.5141","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.129.5141","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.csl.sony.fr/~py/oudeyer-kaplan-neurorobotics.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.275.8052","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.275.8052","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/76/a5/Front_Neurorobotics_2007_Nov_2_1_6.tar.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.565.8205","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.565.8205","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.pyoudeyer.com/oudeyer-kaplan-neurorobotics.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4854ad3ef30a4daba04a4705d08a4fba","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4854ad3ef30a4daba04a4705d08a4fba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics, Vol 1 (2009)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de:6027","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/6027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400432","display_name":"Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","host_organization_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115606517","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","issn_l":"1662-5218","issn":["1662-5218"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000514530.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000514530.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14005205","https://openalex.org/W78142776","https://openalex.org/W151798663","https://openalex.org/W1220466466","https://openalex.org/W1484084878","https://openalex.org/W1486707268","https://openalex.org/W1489682079","https://openalex.org/W1514621373","https://openalex.org/W1518224635","https://openalex.org/W1523888871","https://openalex.org/W1532631793","https://openalex.org/W1533729189","https://openalex.org/W1564868126","https://openalex.org/W1583116672","https://openalex.org/W1585013689","https://openalex.org/W1590585250","https://openalex.org/W1595732857","https://openalex.org/W1608467032","https://openalex.org/W1763311249","https://openalex.org/W1857939718","https://openalex.org/W1863227302","https://openalex.org/W1864310746","https://openalex.org/W1966114254","https://openalex.org/W1974585560","https://openalex.org/W1995377037","https://openalex.org/W2022340922","https://openalex.org/W2028474533","https://openalex.org/W2045154514","https://openalex.org/W2052729098","https://openalex.org/W2075670547","https://openalex.org/W2077420526","https://openalex.org/W2101524054","https://openalex.org/W2102315994","https://openalex.org/W2104615036","https://openalex.org/W2109910161","https://openalex.org/W2116361269","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2131554141","https://openalex.org/W2135405597","https://openalex.org/W2140205964","https://openalex.org/W2161868780","https://openalex.org/W2161903956","https://openalex.org/W2164899449","https://openalex.org/W2170899200","https://openalex.org/W2571270385","https://openalex.org/W3019273456","https://openalex.org/W3041304715","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4237408199","https://openalex.org/W4293872590","https://openalex.org/W4300107936","https://openalex.org/W4404012784","https://openalex.org/W6641604142","https://openalex.org/W6677916085","https://openalex.org/W6680931640","https://openalex.org/W7039638749","https://openalex.org/W7043934138","https://openalex.org/W7062032628"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480053368","https://openalex.org/W2247242831","https://openalex.org/W7095574083","https://openalex.org/W2078097339","https://openalex.org/W2998055385","https://openalex.org/W7098105729","https://openalex.org/W7066396304","https://openalex.org/W7100355322","https://openalex.org/W2005581799","https://openalex.org/W2101524054"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intrinsic":[0],"motivation,":[1],"centrally":[2],"involved":[3],"in":[4,13,29,42,65,72,147],"spontaneous":[5],"exploration":[6],"and":[7,31,85,149],"curiosity,":[8],"is":[9,51,113],"a":[10,22,36,56,73,95,104],"crucial":[11,23],"concept":[12],"developmental":[14,40,150],"psychology.":[15,66],"It":[16],"has":[17,34],"been":[18],"argued":[19],"to":[20],"be":[21,138],"mechanism":[24],"for":[25,94,140,144],"open-ended":[26],"cognitive":[27],"development":[28],"humans,":[30],"as":[32],"such":[33],"gathered":[35],"growing":[37],"interest":[38],"from":[39],"roboticists":[41],"the":[43,59,92],"recent":[44],"years.":[45],"The":[46],"goal":[47],"of":[48,58,62,99,107,125,134],"this":[49,132],"paper":[50],"threefold.":[52],"First,":[53],"it":[54],"provides":[55],"synthesis":[57],"different":[60],"approaches":[61,71],"intrinsic":[63,100,127],"motivation":[64,101],"Second,":[67],"by":[68,102],"interpreting":[69],"these":[70],"computational":[74,109,118,135],"reinforcement":[75],"learning":[76],"framework,":[77],"we":[78,90],"argue":[79,130],"that":[80,131],"they":[81],"are":[82],"not":[83],"operational":[84,97],"even":[86],"sometimes":[87],"inconsistent.":[88],"Third,":[89],"set":[91],"ground":[93],"systematic":[96],"study":[98],"presenting":[103],"formal":[105],"typology":[106,112,136],"possible":[108],"approaches.":[110],"This":[111],"partly":[114],"based":[115],"on":[116],"existing":[117],"models,":[119],"but":[120],"also":[121],"presents":[122],"new":[123,142],"ways":[124],"conceptualizing":[126],"motivation.":[128],"We":[129],"kind":[133],"might":[137],"useful":[139],"opening":[141],"avenues":[143],"research":[145],"both":[146],"psychology":[148],"robotics.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":151},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":77},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":84},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":25}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
