{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000513720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","title":"A Speech Parameter Generation Algorithm Considering Global Variance for HMM-Based Speech Synthesis","display_name":"A Speech Parameter Generation Algorithm Considering Global Variance for HMM-Based Speech Synthesis","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000513720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","mag":"2000513720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2000513720"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078330211","display_name":"Tomoki Toda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8146-1279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8146-1279"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. TODA","raw_affiliation_strings":[", Nara Institute of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", Nara Institute of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038041333","display_name":"Keiichi Tokuda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. TOKUDA","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.4968,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":363,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99437861,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"E90-D","issue":"5","first_page":"816","last_page":"824"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hmm-based-speech-synthesis","display_name":"HMM-based speech synthesis","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/over-smoothing","display_name":"over-smoothing","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-and-dynamic-characteristics","display_name":"static and dynamic characteristics","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/likelihood-maximization","display_name":"likelihood maximization","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-speech-naturalness","display_name":"synthetic speech naturalness","score":0.8730000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7893438935279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.745368480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.7066298723220825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6353077292442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134537474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17144832","display_name":"Naturalness","level":2,"score":0.5786600112915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5621488094329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5368241667747498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.528712809085846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.43753576278686523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.42859047651290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41163599491119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17032921314239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ietisy/e90-d.5.816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:3140795192","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110007519525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22889032","https://openalex.org/W33683307","https://openalex.org/W234770729","https://openalex.org/W242215465","https://openalex.org/W344150399","https://openalex.org/W564913581","https://openalex.org/W1512429158","https://openalex.org/W1563645159","https://openalex.org/W1600722501","https://openalex.org/W1935012542","https://openalex.org/W1963627370","https://openalex.org/W2013887835","https://openalex.org/W2049686551","https://openalex.org/W2066452495","https://openalex.org/W2093094447","https://openalex.org/W2093450784","https://openalex.org/W2095134692","https://openalex.org/W2096980176","https://openalex.org/W2114659828","https://openalex.org/W2115040572","https://openalex.org/W2116669443","https://openalex.org/W2119174565","https://openalex.org/W2129082420","https://openalex.org/W2150658333","https://openalex.org/W2154280657","https://openalex.org/W2154920538","https://openalex.org/W2166823384","https://openalex.org/W2337335398","https://openalex.org/W2394921947","https://openalex.org/W2531982967","https://openalex.org/W4301905021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514737389","https://openalex.org/W1992228106","https://openalex.org/W1789888671","https://openalex.org/W2407039802","https://openalex.org/W2156794882","https://openalex.org/W2143490509","https://openalex.org/W2156453709","https://openalex.org/W2401438872","https://openalex.org/W7024636224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,18,29,81,97,100,113,119,131],"novel":[4],"parameter":[5,19,34],"generation":[6,82],"algorithm":[7,16,83,94,138],"for":[8,32,99,115],"an":[9,44],"HMM-based":[10],"speech":[11,66],"synthesis":[12],"technique.":[13],"The":[14,51,108,128],"conventional":[15,93],"generates":[17],"trajectory":[20,53],"of":[21,28,37,104,121,124,130,146],"static":[22,39],"features":[23,42],"that":[24,135],"maximizes":[25],"the":[26,33,38,60,64,76,87,92,105,116,122,125,136,144],"likelihood":[27,89,98,110],"given":[30],"HMM":[31,88],"sequence":[35],"consisting":[36],"and":[40],"dynamic":[41],"under":[43],"explicit":[45],"constraint":[46],"between":[47],"those":[48],"two":[49],"features.":[50],"generated":[52,106,126],"is":[54],"often":[55],"excessively":[56],"smoothed":[57],"due":[58],"to":[59,74],"statistical":[61],"processing.":[62],"Using":[63],"over-smoothed":[65],"parameters":[67],"usually":[68],"causes":[69,139],"muffled":[70],"sounds.":[71],"In":[72],"order":[73],"alleviate":[75],"over-smoothing":[77],"effect,":[78],"we":[79],"propose":[80],"considering":[84],"not":[85],"only":[86],"maximized":[90],"in":[91,143],"but":[95],"also":[96],"global":[101],"variance":[102],"(GV)":[103],"trajectory.":[107,127],"latter":[109],"works":[111],"as":[112],"penalty":[114],"over-smoothing,":[117],"i.e.,":[118],"reduction":[120],"GV":[123],"result":[129],"perceptual":[132],"evaluation":[133],"demonstrates":[134],"proposed":[137],"considerably":[140],"large":[141],"improvements":[142],"naturalness":[145],"synthetic":[147],"speech.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":36}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}