{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000509907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/355010a0","title":"Olympic row over sex testing","display_name":"Olympic row over sex testing","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000509907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/355010a0","mag":"2000509907","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1731195"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/355010a0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/355010a0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/355010a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017326359","display_name":"Malcolm Andrew Ferguson-Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. A. FERGUSON-SMITH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113786602","display_name":"Alison S. Carlson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ALISON CARLSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amberst Drive, Hasting-on-Hudson, New York, USA","Hasting-on-Hudson, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amberst Drive, Hasting-on-Hudson, New York, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasting-on-Hudson, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063189075","display_name":"Albert de la Chapelle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9345-9248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9345-9248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ALBERT DE LA CHAPELLE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044346740","display_name":"Anke \u0391. Ehrhardt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-2036","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-2036"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ANKE EHRHARDT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006222904","display_name":"Elizabeth A.E. Ferris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ELIZABETH FERRIS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown Candover, near Alresford, Hants, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown Candover, near Alresford, Hants, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051648643","display_name":"Arne Ljungqvist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ARNE LJUNGQVIST","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014152711","display_name":"Myron Genel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MYRON GENEL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080697469","display_name":"Joe Leigh Simpson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-6881","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-6881"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160606119","display_name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0011qv509","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JOE LEIGH SIMPSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee, USA","University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2645,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47465011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"355","issue":"6355","first_page":"10","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11956","display_name":"Sexual Differentiation and Disorders","score":0.5800999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11956","display_name":"Sexual Differentiation and Disorders","score":0.5800999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10942","display_name":"Sports, Gender, and Society","score":0.32249999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11077","display_name":"Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities","score":0.0272000003606081,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-testing","display_name":"sex testing","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olympic-games","display_name":"Olympic Games","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-determination","display_name":"sex determination","score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-verification","display_name":"gender verification","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/athletes","display_name":"athletes","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-sex-determination","display_name":"human sex determination","score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/androgen-insensitivity-syndrome","display_name":"androgen insensitivity syndrome","score":0.5289999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3078920245170593}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008382","descriptor_name":"Marfan Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012732","descriptor_name":"Sex Determination Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013177","descriptor_name":"Sports","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/355010a0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/355010a0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/355010a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1731195","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1731195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"Letter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4221134056"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969970434","https://openalex.org/W196125359","https://openalex.org/W14911457","https://openalex.org/W2619178444","https://openalex.org/W2189062386","https://openalex.org/W4234538115","https://openalex.org/W2728655808","https://openalex.org/W4243636142","https://openalex.org/W1969165432","https://openalex.org/W2911672171"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
