{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000501196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","title":"Discrete element simulation of granular flow in 2D and 3D hoppers: Dependence of discharge rate and wall stress on particle interactions","display_name":"Discrete element simulation of granular flow in 2D and 3D hoppers: Dependence of discharge rate and wall stress on particle interactions","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000501196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","mag":"2000501196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33892871","display_name":"Chemical Engineering Science","issn_l":"0009-2509","issn":["0009-2509","1873-4405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chemical Engineering Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2000501196"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086327842","display_name":"Paul A. Langston","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7388-0684","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7388-0684"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.A. Langston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030360897","display_name":"Ugur T\u00fcz\u00fcn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. T\u00fcz\u00fcn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036654343","display_name":"David M. Heyes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-4828","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-4828"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D.M. Heyes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 5XH, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036654343"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":{"value":4050,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4050},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0914,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":338,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98205331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"6","first_page":"967","last_page":"987"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10615","display_name":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10615","display_name":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granular-flow","display_name":"granular flow","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hopper","display_name":"hopper","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wall-stress","display_name":"wall stress","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polydispersity","display_name":"polydispersity","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-interactions","display_name":"particle interactions","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rupture-zone","display_name":"rupture area","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlet-size","display_name":"outlet size","score":0.8019999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171872576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902783","display_name":"Discrete element method","level":2,"score":0.8472007513046265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.7889791131019592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C294558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366968","display_name":"Newtonian fluid","level":2,"score":0.5369002819061279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.5342810153961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72422203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7392545","display_name":"SPHERES","level":2,"score":0.5315181016921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32568104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155083","display_name":"Granular material","level":2,"score":0.5255866646766663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4957493245601654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42613083124160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.421555757522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4184594750404358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40378105640411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.30999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.19079142808914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1650618612766266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.12960955500602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)00467-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33892871","display_name":"Chemical Engineering Science","issn_l":"0009-2509","issn":["0009-2509","1873-4405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chemical Engineering Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76493099","https://openalex.org/W187871020","https://openalex.org/W303325930","https://openalex.org/W1605412582","https://openalex.org/W1973350432","https://openalex.org/W1990575722","https://openalex.org/W1995872576","https://openalex.org/W2001479323","https://openalex.org/W2015942673","https://openalex.org/W2046407535","https://openalex.org/W2047391668","https://openalex.org/W2050086794","https://openalex.org/W2054750103","https://openalex.org/W2059875947","https://openalex.org/W2066838215","https://openalex.org/W2067065119","https://openalex.org/W2067442249","https://openalex.org/W2072497460","https://openalex.org/W2073775990","https://openalex.org/W2077426493","https://openalex.org/W2082599901","https://openalex.org/W2088854673","https://openalex.org/W2091994922","https://openalex.org/W2097914940","https://openalex.org/W2100530960","https://openalex.org/W2148646999","https://openalex.org/W2504044668","https://openalex.org/W3117341567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2286756590","https://openalex.org/W2014187758","https://openalex.org/W2072497460","https://openalex.org/W2785075748","https://openalex.org/W2011036034","https://openalex.org/W2092827992","https://openalex.org/W2013400949","https://openalex.org/W7128591748","https://openalex.org/W2034441607"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}