{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000486953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","title":"Estimation of Variance and Covariance Components in Linear Models","display_name":"Estimation of Variance and Covariance Components in Linear Models","publication_year":1972,"publication_date":"1972-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000486953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","mag":"2000486953"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103566978","display_name":"C. Radhakrishna Rao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405279484","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01hntha05","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405279484","https://openalex.org/I6498739"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Radhakrishna Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Statistical Institute, 538 Yojana Bhavan, New Delhi, India","Indian Statistical Institute , 538 Yojana Bhavan, New Delhi , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Statistical Institute, 538 Yojana Bhavan, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279484","https://openalex.org/I6498739"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Statistical Institute , 538 Yojana Bhavan, New Delhi , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279484","https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103566978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405279484","https://openalex.org/I6498739"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.8265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":354,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98508523,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"337","first_page":"112","last_page":"112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13487","display_name":"Statistical and numerical algorithms","score":0.4235999882221222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13487","display_name":"Statistical and numerical algorithms","score":0.4235999882221222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.37940001487731934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.0803999975323677,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance-components","display_name":"variance components","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-components","display_name":"covariance components","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minque","display_name":"MINQUE","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-models","display_name":"linear models","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-effects","display_name":"random effects","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion-structure","display_name":"dispersion structure","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-estimation","display_name":"parameter estimation","score":0.5260000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.8272703886032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6501955389976501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180877172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5401390","display_name":"Estimation of covariance matrices","level":3,"score":0.5879743099212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5646792650222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018076075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826427","display_name":"Variance components","level":2,"score":0.5493365526199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5420907139778137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137250428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5178897","display_name":"Covariance function","level":3,"score":0.4673265516757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.4611542224884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126372606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6503511","display_name":"Law of total covariance","level":5,"score":0.42994657158851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119340705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628597","display_name":"Analysis of covariance","level":2,"score":0.4254872798919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.42199304699897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165646398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3755281","display_name":"Minimum-variance unbiased estimator","level":3,"score":0.4209940433502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.41927453875541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.4127504229545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129844170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41299","display_name":"Quadratic equation","level":2,"score":0.4107184410095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83042196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5178898","display_name":"Covariance intersection","level":4,"score":0.36030811071395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.15175357460975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1972.10481212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/2284708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2284708","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2284708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964559147","https://openalex.org/W1966932096","https://openalex.org/W1975650452","https://openalex.org/W1997375396","https://openalex.org/W2052827106","https://openalex.org/W2314766113","https://openalex.org/W2331220472","https://openalex.org/W2331299153","https://openalex.org/W2403035479","https://openalex.org/W4243269039"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022823194","https://openalex.org/W2109377650","https://openalex.org/W3211883524","https://openalex.org/W1991005374","https://openalex.org/W2110484224","https://openalex.org/W2126916073","https://openalex.org/W2050026105","https://openalex.org/W2018001152","https://openalex.org/W341081156","https://openalex.org/W4309794518"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"write":[1],"a":[2,17,22,49],"linear":[3],"model":[4],"in":[5,48],"the":[6,56],"form":[7],",":[8],"where":[9],"is":[10,16,53],"an":[11],"unknown":[12,28],"parameter":[13],"and":[14,32,60],"\u03be":[15],"hypothetical":[18],"random":[19],"variable":[20],"with":[21],"given":[23],"dispersion":[24],"structure":[25],"but":[26],"containing":[27],"parameters":[29],"called":[30,40],"variance":[31,59],"covariance":[33,61],"components.":[34,62],"A":[35],"new":[36],"method":[37],"of":[38,58],"estimation":[39,57],"MINQUE":[41],"(Minimum":[42],"Norm":[43],"Quadratic":[44],"Unbiased":[45],"Estimation)":[46],"developed":[47],"previous":[50],"article":[51],"[5]":[52],"extended":[54],"for":[55]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
