{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000483016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419508732265","title":"The influence of stretching and warm\u2010up exercises on Achilles tendon reflex activity","display_name":"The influence of stretching and warm\u2010up exercises on Achilles tendon reflex activity","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000483016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419508732265","mag":"2000483016","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8850574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/02640419508732265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419508732265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419508732265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95965737","display_name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","issn_l":"0264-0414","issn":["0264-0414","1466-447X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026325502","display_name":"Dieter Rosenbaum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dieter Rosenbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abteilung Unfallchirurgische Forschung und Biomechanik, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abteilung Unfallchirurgische Forschung und Biomechanik, Universit\u00e4t Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001396400","display_name":"Ewald Max Hennig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-8590","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-8590"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ewald M. Hennig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomechanik Labor, Universit\u00e4t Essen, Essen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomechanik Labor, Universit\u00e4t Essen, Essen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3627,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":214,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76784545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"6","first_page":"481","last_page":"490"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.8314999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.8314999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.08429999649524689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.023600000888109207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/achilles-reflex","display_name":"Achilles tendon reflex","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triceps-surae","display_name":"triceps surae","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-stretching","display_name":"static stretching","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warm-up","display_name":"warm-up","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrocnemius-muscle","display_name":"gastrocnemius","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soleus-muscle","display_name":"soleus muscle","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyography","display_name":"electromyography","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-force-production","display_name":"muscle force production","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-compliance","display_name":"muscle compliance","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-prevention","display_name":"injury prevention","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-improvement","display_name":"performance improvement","score":0.5289999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776917922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431282","display_name":"Triceps surae muscle","level":2,"score":0.6879273653030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83974742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179405","display_name":"Reflex","level":2,"score":0.593059778213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780984734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223172","display_name":"Achilles tendon","level":3,"score":0.5677194595336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.500267505645752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781464450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839144","display_name":"Treadmill","level":2,"score":0.49913907051086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777013735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183039","display_name":"Static stretching","level":3,"score":0.47976526618003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4655027985572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.4133208394050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10064560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1562476","display_name":"H-reflex","level":3,"score":0.4129369854927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780105995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232358","display_name":"Tendon","level":2,"score":0.39636433124542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.34874629974365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.3013174533843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.28323841094970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60465272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494478","display_name":"Range of motion","level":2,"score":0.13802427053451538}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000125","descriptor_name":"Achilles Tendon","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001265","descriptor_name":"Athletic Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005080","descriptor_name":"Exercise Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005082","descriptor_name":"Physical Exertion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009048","descriptor_name":"Motor Skills","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009126","descriptor_name":"Muscle Relaxation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012026","descriptor_name":"Reflex, Stretch","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012420","descriptor_name":"Running","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013314","descriptor_name":"Stress, Mechanical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/02640419508732265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419508732265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419508732265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95965737","display_name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","issn_l":"0264-0414","issn":["0264-0414","1466-447X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8850574","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8850574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of sports sciences","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585080685","https://openalex.org/W1992721469","https://openalex.org/W1994201652","https://openalex.org/W2000523947","https://openalex.org/W2001001062","https://openalex.org/W2005341758","https://openalex.org/W2005976056","https://openalex.org/W2007181417","https://openalex.org/W2012002955","https://openalex.org/W2029228164","https://openalex.org/W2036411590","https://openalex.org/W2040303891","https://openalex.org/W2043132255","https://openalex.org/W2051373668","https://openalex.org/W2051967966","https://openalex.org/W2060734662","https://openalex.org/W2066751775","https://openalex.org/W2096688252","https://openalex.org/W2119667190","https://openalex.org/W2125889695","https://openalex.org/W2144099805","https://openalex.org/W2152063943","https://openalex.org/W2171110052","https://openalex.org/W2350669555","https://openalex.org/W2361738930","https://openalex.org/W2415018631","https://openalex.org/W2493319525","https://openalex.org/W3004021698","https://openalex.org/W3018034337","https://openalex.org/W4245208316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043031144","https://openalex.org/W2148770347","https://openalex.org/W2003416446","https://openalex.org/W2006150059","https://openalex.org/W2046274368","https://openalex.org/W2011273344","https://openalex.org/W3011076842","https://openalex.org/W2096952555","https://openalex.org/W2107858732","https://openalex.org/W7097241693"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,265],"aim":[1],"of":[2,11,23,38,53,80,86,109,119,285],"this":[3],"study":[4],"was":[5,74],"to":[6,305],"investigate":[7],"the":[8,18,54,77,81,106,110,114,137,144,152,158,194,202,206,214,232,268,273,283,288,291,294],"acute":[9],"effects":[10],"prior":[12,47,198,210],"exercise":[13,211],"(warm-up":[14],"and":[15,20,60,91,113,168,177,218,225,231,254,309],"stretching)":[16],"on":[17,67],"electromyographic":[19],"force":[21,73,139,145,204,215,269,307],"output":[22],"mechanically":[24],"elicited":[25,75],"triceps":[26,56,78],"surae":[27,57,79],"reflexes.":[28],"Fifty":[29],"male":[30],"subjects":[31,122],"performed":[32],"eight":[33],"reflex":[34,72,89,131],"experiments":[35],"under":[36],"each":[37],"three":[39],"successive":[40],"conditions":[41],"in":[42,76,93,136,180,267],"one":[43],"session:":[44],"(1)":[45],"no":[46],"exercise,":[48],"(2)":[49],"after":[50,62,272,293],"static":[51],"stretching":[52,274],"passive":[55],"(3":[58],"min)":[59],"(3)":[61],"a":[63,68,87,94,299,310,319],"10-min":[64],"warm-up":[65,296],"run":[66,297],"treadmill.":[69],"Tendon":[70],"tap":[71],"right":[82],"leg":[83],"by":[84,223],"means":[85],"standardized":[88],"hammer":[90],"measured":[92],"custom-built":[95],"fixture.":[96],"Electromyographic":[97],"(EMG)":[98],"signals":[99],"were":[100,190],"recorded":[101],"with":[102,124,193,303],"surface":[103],"electrodes":[104],"over":[105],"medial":[107],"head":[108],"gastrocnemius":[111],"(G)":[112],"soleus":[115],"(S).":[116],"Low":[117],"coefficients":[118],"variation":[120],"within":[121],"contrasted":[123],"high":[125],"between-subject":[126],"variations,":[127],"indicating":[128],"highly":[129],"individual":[130],"characteristics.":[132],"After":[133,200],"stretching,":[134],"reductions":[135],"peak":[138,203],"(-5%;":[140,156],"P":[141,149,165,174,187,243,251,260],"<":[142,150,166,175,188,229,244,252,261],"0.05),":[143],"rise":[146,216],"rate":[147,155,217,221],"(-8%;":[148],"0.01),":[151,176,189,230,245],"half":[153,219],"relaxation":[154,220],"N.S.),":[157,213],"EMG":[159,181,237,312],"amplitudes":[160,238],"(G,":[161,170,183,239,247,256],"-16%;":[162],"S,":[163,172,185,241,249,258],"-17%;":[164],"0.01)":[167,253,262],"integrals":[169,246],"-15%;":[171],"-18%;":[173,248],"an":[178],"increase":[179],"latencies":[182,255],"+3%;":[184],"+1%;":[186],"found":[191],"compared":[192],"values":[195,207],"obtained":[196,208],"without":[197,209],"exercise.":[199],"running,":[201],"reached":[205],"(-2%;":[212],"increased":[222],"8":[224],"12%,":[226],"respectively":[227],"(P":[228],"impulse":[233],"(force-time":[234],"integral;":[235],"-12%),":[236],"-20%;":[240],"-23%;":[242,250],"-1%;":[257],"-2%;":[259],"decreased":[263,311],"significantly.":[264],"changes":[266,292],"characteristics":[270],"observed":[271],"treatment":[275],"indicate":[276],"improved":[277,306],"muscle":[278],"compliance":[279],"that":[280],"might":[281],"reduce":[282],"risk":[284],"injury.":[286],"On":[287],"other":[289],"hand,":[290],"additional":[295],"had":[298],"more":[300],"pronounced":[301],"influence":[302],"regard":[304],"development":[308],"activity,":[313],"which":[314],"can":[315],"be":[316],"viewed":[317],"as":[318],"performance-enhancing":[320],"effect.":[321]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
