{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000395783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","title":"Increasing Ethical Sensitivity to Racial and Gender Intolerance in Schools: Development of the Racial Ethical Sensitivity Test","display_name":"Increasing Ethical Sensitivity to Racial and Gender Intolerance in Schools: Development of the Racial Ethical Sensitivity Test","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000395783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","mag":"2000395783"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85421537","display_name":"Ethics & Behavior","issn_l":"1050-8422","issn":["1050-8422","1532-7019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ethics & Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/TINIES.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069433216","display_name":"Mary Brabeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-1367","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6402-1367"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary M. Brabeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Psychology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Psychology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lauren A. Rogers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103531236","display_name":"Boston College","ror":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lauren A. Rogers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102830905","display_name":"Selcuk R. Sirin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3371-0749","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3371-0749"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Selcuk Sirin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Psychology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Psychology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jennifer Henderson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103531236","display_name":"Boston College","ror":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Henderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020661418","display_name":"Michael Benvenuto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103531236","display_name":"Boston College","ror":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Benvenuto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004317529","display_name":"Monica Weaver","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103531236","display_name":"Boston College","ror":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monica Weaver","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012470839","display_name":"Kathleen Ting","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103531236","display_name":"Boston College","ror":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen Ting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103531236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3971,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93326489,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"119","last_page":"137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11058","display_name":"Ethics in Business and Education","score":0.6161999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11058","display_name":"Ethics in Business and Education","score":0.6161999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11295","display_name":"Counseling Practices and Supervision","score":0.09560000151395798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12531","display_name":"Values and Moral Education","score":0.06679999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-sensitivity","display_name":"ethical sensitivity","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-intolerance","display_name":"racial intolerance","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-ethics","display_name":"school ethics","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-development","display_name":"test development","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-retest-reliability","display_name":"test-retest reliability","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-structured-interviews","display_name":"semi-structured interviews","score":0.6019999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6163800954818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.6088888645172119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77265313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879844","display_name":"Rest (music)","level":2,"score":0.5756651163101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5645015239715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5157213807106018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.5108253955841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.48873138427734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61863361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470749","display_name":"Inter-rater reliability","level":3,"score":0.4519413113594055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4519394040107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992700788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racial bias","level":3,"score":0.4157163202762604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.37612083554267883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3619651794433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21591675281524658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.19694849848747253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.18326091766357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17169013619422913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.12803789973258972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09212425351142883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295720","display_name":"Rating scale","level":2,"score":0.07886311411857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1002_02","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85421537","display_name":"Ethics & Behavior","issn_l":"1050-8422","issn":["1050-8422","1532-7019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ethics & Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philpapers.org/rec/TINIES","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/TINIES","pdf_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/TINIES.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philarchive.org/rec/TINIES","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philarchive.org/rec/TINIES","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/931824","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://worldcatlibraries.org/registry/gateway?version=1.0&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&atitle=Increasing+Ethical+Sensitivity+to+Racial+and+Gender+Intolerance+in+Schools:+Development+of+the+Racial+Ethical+Sensitivity+Test&title=Ethics+and+Behavior+&volume=10&issue=2&spage=119-137&date=2000&au=Brabeck,+Mary+M.;+Rogers,+Lauren+A.;+Sirin,+Selcuk;+Henderson,+Jennifer;+Benvenuto,+Michael;+Weaver,+Monica;+Ting,+Kathleen","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:210511","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:philpapers.org/rec/TINIES","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/TINIES","pdf_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/TINIES.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5385000109672546,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309031","display_name":"National Association of School Psychologists","ror":"https://ror.org/02wyqrf98"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000395783.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2000395783.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052942","https://openalex.org/W47689306","https://openalex.org/W127523708","https://openalex.org/W266666402","https://openalex.org/W276687692","https://openalex.org/W587303163","https://openalex.org/W602581384","https://openalex.org/W655492449","https://openalex.org/W1560460460","https://openalex.org/W1730204234","https://openalex.org/W1737409895","https://openalex.org/W1770211254","https://openalex.org/W1872171355","https://openalex.org/W1965196986","https://openalex.org/W1969911552","https://openalex.org/W2002296024","https://openalex.org/W2015031940","https://openalex.org/W2155554025","https://openalex.org/W2748587826","https://openalex.org/W3080738154","https://openalex.org/W4235631148","https://openalex.org/W4240475057","https://openalex.org/W4250923809","https://openalex.org/W4302318940","https://openalex.org/W7009080421"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2073989603","https://openalex.org/W2086989646","https://openalex.org/W2887871360","https://openalex.org/W2283432936","https://openalex.org/W3047075947","https://openalex.org/W2908617485","https://openalex.org/W2891690242","https://openalex.org/W1197104535","https://openalex.org/W4410348024","https://openalex.org/W2518987354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"is":[2],"an":[3],"attempt":[4],"to":[5,12,36,73,129],"develop":[6],"a":[7,74,85,126],"measure":[8,128],"of":[9,22,53,59,93],"ethical":[10,39,63],"sensitivity":[11],"racial":[13,60,131],"and":[14,34,62,70,81,132],"gender":[15],"intolerance":[16,23,61],"that":[17,24,56],"occurs":[18],"in":[19,29],"schools.":[20],"Acts":[21],"indicate":[25,120],"ethically":[26],"insensitive":[27],"behaviors":[28],"American":[30],"schools":[31],"were":[32],"identified":[33],"tied":[35],"existing":[37],"professional":[38,44],"codes":[40],"developed":[41],"by":[42,100],"school-based":[43],"organizations.":[45],"The":[46],"Racial":[47],"Ethical":[48],"Sensitivity":[49],"Test":[50],"(REST)":[51],"consists":[52],"5":[54],"scenarios":[55,69],"portray":[57],"acts":[58],"insensitivity.":[64],"Participants":[65],"viewed":[66],"2":[67],"videotaped":[68],"then":[71],"responded":[72],"semistructured":[75],"interview":[76],"protocol":[77],"adapted":[78],"from":[79],"Bebeau":[80],"Rest":[82],"(1982).":[83],"After":[84],"2-week":[86],"interval,":[87],"this":[88],"procedure":[89],"was":[90,98,112],"repeated.":[91],"Stability":[92],"the":[94,102,123],"REST":[95,124],"across":[96],"time":[97],"determined":[99],"using":[101],"overall":[103],"test-retest":[104],"coefficient.":[105],"Internal":[106],"as":[107,109,125],"well":[108],"interrater":[110],"consistency":[111],"also":[113],"calculated":[114],"for":[115,122],"each":[116],"scenario.":[117],"Overall":[118],"findings":[119],"promise":[121],"reliable":[127],"assess":[130],"ethnic":[133],"sensitivity.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}