{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000285669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00498250701570285","title":"Challenges for blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) screening","display_name":"Challenges for blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) screening","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000285669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00498250701570285","mag":"2000285669","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17968740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00498250701570285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00498250701570285","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00498250701570285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S48760969","display_name":"Xenobiotica","issn_l":"0049-8254","issn":["0049-8254","1366-5928"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Xenobiotica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011157656","display_name":"Phil Jeffrey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4131-7218","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4131-7218"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188950975","display_name":"GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01xsqw823","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188950975"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Jeffrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188950975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108716684","display_name":"Scott G. Summerfield","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188950975","display_name":"GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/01xsqw823","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188950975"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. G. Summerfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Harlow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188950975"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188950975"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53917051,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"10-11","first_page":"1135","last_page":"1151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.888700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.888700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10570","display_name":"Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","score":0.10700000077486038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3002","display_name":"Drug Discovery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier","display_name":"blood-brain barrier","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier-permeability","display_name":"blood-brain barrier permeability","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p-glycoprotein-efflux","display_name":"P-glycoprotein efflux","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-to-blood-ratio","display_name":"brain-to-blood ratio","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physicochemical-properties-of-drugs","display_name":"physicochemical properties of drugs","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tissue-distribution","display_name":"brain tissue distribution","score":0.5899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.8186318874359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221694","display_name":"Blood\u2013brain barrier","level":3,"score":0.8068671226501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200082930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22327148","display_name":"Efflux","level":2,"score":0.582379937171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412902","display_name":"P-glycoprotein","level":4,"score":0.4936746060848236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.48431888222694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.4831649661064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.46484842896461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3925412595272064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3669634163379669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.34891027212142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1681099534034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133936738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643839","display_name":"Multiple drug resistance","level":3,"score":0.05781868100166321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001693","descriptor_name":"Biological Transport, Active","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001812","descriptor_name":"Blood-Brain Barrier","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002463","descriptor_name":"Cell Membrane Permeability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015262","descriptor_name":"Xenobiotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015262","descriptor_name":"Xenobiotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020168","descriptor_name":"ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00498250701570285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00498250701570285","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00498250701570285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S48760969","display_name":"Xenobiotica","issn_l":"0049-8254","issn":["0049-8254","1366-5928"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Xenobiotica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17968740","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17968740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95761408","https://openalex.org/W204521712","https://openalex.org/W855625668","https://openalex.org/W1512638888","https://openalex.org/W1513126139","https://openalex.org/W1526950891","https://openalex.org/W1568560565","https://openalex.org/W1577254788","https://openalex.org/W1581321319","https://openalex.org/W1882605343","https://openalex.org/W1964298593","https://openalex.org/W1968857994","https://openalex.org/W1973091091","https://openalex.org/W1973262431","https://openalex.org/W1973544766","https://openalex.org/W1974225494","https://openalex.org/W1983389501","https://openalex.org/W1988555273","https://openalex.org/W1988896100","https://openalex.org/W1990250882","https://openalex.org/W1991655565","https://openalex.org/W1992101239","https://openalex.org/W1994751724","https://openalex.org/W1995671086","https://openalex.org/W1995735458","https://openalex.org/W2000208781","https://openalex.org/W2000897683","https://openalex.org/W2005408062","https://openalex.org/W2006669174","https://openalex.org/W2009979602","https://openalex.org/W2015541518","https://openalex.org/W2021296865","https://openalex.org/W2022872879","https://openalex.org/W2033050034","https://openalex.org/W2039297169","https://openalex.org/W2044390161","https://openalex.org/W2044392411","https://openalex.org/W2074864294","https://openalex.org/W2076560915","https://openalex.org/W2082959774","https://openalex.org/W2088812259","https://openalex.org/W2108141803","https://openalex.org/W2112893277","https://openalex.org/W2116114063","https://openalex.org/W2117024164","https://openalex.org/W2117697959","https://openalex.org/W2121509357","https://openalex.org/W2125748363","https://openalex.org/W2126305917","https://openalex.org/W2129200919","https://openalex.org/W2132134960","https://openalex.org/W2133232647","https://openalex.org/W2134023145","https://openalex.org/W2134756034","https://openalex.org/W2138656355","https://openalex.org/W2138830990","https://openalex.org/W2144391411","https://openalex.org/W2145820408","https://openalex.org/W2145978043","https://openalex.org/W2150755991","https://openalex.org/W2151174008","https://openalex.org/W2152525754","https://openalex.org/W2156014915","https://openalex.org/W2158900181","https://openalex.org/W2165711991","https://openalex.org/W2264579735","https://openalex.org/W2279893249","https://openalex.org/W2293755309","https://openalex.org/W2304131176","https://openalex.org/W2340991487","https://openalex.org/W2396222127","https://openalex.org/W3022371810","https://openalex.org/W4239497571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000820979","https://openalex.org/W2056449991","https://openalex.org/W2112893277","https://openalex.org/W2332832753","https://openalex.org/W2137053703","https://openalex.org/W6997134081","https://openalex.org/W2030028063","https://openalex.org/W2005447377","https://openalex.org/W2003861703","https://openalex.org/W1519025784"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Whilst":[0],"blood-brain":[1,103],"barrier":[2,104],"permeability":[3,73],"is":[4,41],"an":[5,32,77],"important":[6],"determinant":[7],"in":[8,23,84,90,132,143],"achieving":[9],"efficacious":[10],"central":[11,37,106,118,139],"nervous":[12,38,107,119,140],"system":[13,39,108,120,141],"drug":[14,63,121],"concentrations,":[15],"it":[16],"should":[17],"not":[18],"be":[19],"viewed":[20],"or":[21,137],"measured":[22],"isolation.":[24],"Recent":[25],"studies":[26,74],"have":[27],"highlighted":[28],"the":[29,44,56,96,99,102,111,144],"need":[30],"for":[31,52,62],"integrated":[33],"approach":[34,124],"where":[35],"optimal":[36],"penetration":[40,142],"achieved":[42],"through":[43],"correct":[45],"balance":[46],"of":[47,79,98,101,148],"permeability,":[48],"a":[49],"low":[50],"potential":[51],"active":[53,80],"efflux,":[54],"and":[55,65,92,110,129],"appropriate":[57],"physicochemical":[58,113],"properties":[59,114],"that":[60,115],"allow":[61],"partitioning":[64],"distribution":[66],"into":[67],"brain":[68,93],"tissue.":[69],"Integrating":[70],"data":[71],"from":[72,127],"performed":[75],"incorporating":[76],"assessment":[78],"efflux":[81],"by":[82],"P-glycoprotein":[83],"combination":[85],"with":[86],"drug-free":[87],"fraction":[88],"measurements":[89],"blood":[91],"has":[94],"furthered":[95],"understanding":[97],"impact":[100],"on":[105],"uptake":[109],"underlying":[112],"contribute":[116],"to":[117,135],"disposition.":[122],"This":[123],"moves":[125],"away":[126],"screening":[128],"ranking":[130],"compounds":[131],"assays":[133],"designed":[134],"measure":[136],"predict":[138],"somewhat":[145],"arbitrary":[146],"units":[147],"brain-blood":[149],"(or":[150],"plasma)":[151],"ratios.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
