{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999609256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402680407","title":"Endogenous ionic currents and voltages in amphibian embryos","display_name":"Endogenous ionic currents and voltages in amphibian embryos","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999609256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402680407","mag":"1999609256"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jez.1402680407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402680407","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402680407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222064","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","issn_l":"0022-104X","issn":["0022-104X","1097-010X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042696999","display_name":"Mary Elizabeth Metcalf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. E. Mourey Metcalf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Paralysis Research, Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1244"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Paralysis Research, Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1244","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058022813","display_name":"Riyi Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7297-9428","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7297-9428"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riyi Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Paralysis Research, Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1244"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Paralysis Research, Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1244","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045100984","display_name":"Richard B. Borgens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard B. Borgens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Paralysis Research, Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1244","Center for Paralysis Research, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907\u20101244"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Paralysis Research, Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1244","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Paralysis Research, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907\u20101244","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045100984"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6002,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6137998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"268","issue":"4","first_page":"307","last_page":"322"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10268","display_name":"Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10268","display_name":"Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12789","display_name":"Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation","score":0.026900000870227814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10724","display_name":"Ion Transport and Channel Regulation","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transepithelial-potential","display_name":"transepithelial potential","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amphibian-embryos","display_name":"amphibian embryos","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axolotl","display_name":"axolotl","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-fold","display_name":"neural fold","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blastopore","display_name":"blastopore","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-depletion","display_name":"sodium depletion","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amiloride","display_name":"amiloride","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-migration","display_name":"cell migration","score":0.5899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196843134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196","display_name":"Embryo","level":2,"score":0.7018377780914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.6385700702667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129536746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141026","display_name":"Gastrulation","level":4,"score":0.615706741809845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.5743719339370728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5185604691505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87073359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196","display_name":"Embryogenesis","level":3,"score":0.48766791820526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.4696226418018341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779329299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272474","display_name":"Ectoderm","level":4,"score":0.45510733127593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145103041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151519","display_name":"Embryonic stem cell","level":3,"score":0.45416978001594543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3574981093406677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1303987205028534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jez.1402680407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402680407","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402680407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222064","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","issn_l":"0022-104X","issn":["0022-104X","1097-010X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W289658337","https://openalex.org/W613165009","https://openalex.org/W1010912423","https://openalex.org/W1916601007","https://openalex.org/W1945237426","https://openalex.org/W1966163405","https://openalex.org/W1970341768","https://openalex.org/W1980228092","https://openalex.org/W1982256640","https://openalex.org/W1985200095","https://openalex.org/W1994212322","https://openalex.org/W1997087466","https://openalex.org/W1997703853","https://openalex.org/W2003070721","https://openalex.org/W2015096208","https://openalex.org/W2019441990","https://openalex.org/W2019452888","https://openalex.org/W2027358461","https://openalex.org/W2029536919","https://openalex.org/W2031032499","https://openalex.org/W2033073850","https://openalex.org/W2033736807","https://openalex.org/W2034172645","https://openalex.org/W2039900497","https://openalex.org/W2044089952","https://openalex.org/W2048312155","https://openalex.org/W2049744505","https://openalex.org/W2054272398","https://openalex.org/W2059314814","https://openalex.org/W2062931221","https://openalex.org/W2067311186","https://openalex.org/W2070546929","https://openalex.org/W2071221989","https://openalex.org/W2073264951","https://openalex.org/W2073541331","https://openalex.org/W2074200449","https://openalex.org/W2091318575","https://openalex.org/W2091704694","https://openalex.org/W2092586757","https://openalex.org/W2100277177","https://openalex.org/W2102659787","https://openalex.org/W2133760066","https://openalex.org/W2165598300","https://openalex.org/W2168225329","https://openalex.org/W2177866586","https://openalex.org/W2201251809","https://openalex.org/W2328269288","https://openalex.org/W2338111940","https://openalex.org/W4214864747","https://openalex.org/W4253058425","https://openalex.org/W4388316487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3110433702","https://openalex.org/W2051216399","https://openalex.org/W2071221989","https://openalex.org/W2049764955","https://openalex.org/W7037782529","https://openalex.org/W3109014244","https://openalex.org/W1985200095","https://openalex.org/W2188961259","https://openalex.org/W2003070721","https://openalex.org/W2095080712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Using":[1],"a":[2,15,183,195],"noninvasive":[3],"vibrating":[4],"electrode":[5],"for":[6,22,218],"the":[7,20,26,31,58,62,66,72,75,82,95,123,138,142,153,161,173,190,211],"measurement":[8],"of":[9,57,61,71,74,81,120,135,144,152,167,175,185,194,197],"extracellular":[10],"current,":[11],"we":[12,149],"show":[13],"that":[14,205],"polarized":[16],"ionic":[17,39],"current":[18],"traverses":[19],"embryo":[21,124,213],"many":[23],"hours":[24],"in":[25,30,98,146,201,210],"anuran,":[27],"perhaps":[28],"days":[29],"urodele":[32],"following":[33],"gastrulation.":[34],"The":[35,79,118,165],"voltage":[36,136],"driving":[37],"these":[38,168],"currents":[40,121,207],"is":[41,54,84,171,181],"an":[42],"internally":[43],"positive":[44],"transepithelial":[45],"potential":[46,158,186],"(TEP)":[47],"normally":[48],"expressed":[49],"across":[50],"embryonic":[51,198],"integuments.":[52],"Current":[53],"driven":[55],"out":[56],"lateral":[59],"walls":[60],"neural":[63,162],"folds":[64],"and":[65,68,90,132,180,192,208,221],"blastopore":[67],"enters":[69],"most":[70],"rest":[73],"embryo's":[76,96],"body":[77],"surface.":[78],"magnitude":[80,166],"TEP":[83],"transitorily":[85],"dependent":[86],"on":[87,172],"external":[88],"sodium":[89],"can":[91],"be":[92,128],"reduced":[93],"by":[94,102],"immersion":[97],"Na+depleted":[99],"media":[100],"or":[101],"treatment":[103],"with":[104,130],"50":[105],"\u03bcM":[106],"amiloride.":[107],"Both":[108],"treatments":[109],"fail":[110],"to":[111,177,188],"chronically":[112],"reduce":[113],"externally":[114],"detected":[115],"currents,":[116],"however.":[117],"pattern":[119],"traversing":[122],"suggests":[125],"they":[126],"would":[127],"associated":[129],"rostral\u2010caudal":[131],"medial\u2010lateral":[133],"gradients":[134],"within":[137,182],"embryo.":[139],"By":[140],"sampling":[141],"distribution":[143],"TEPs":[145],"axolotl":[147],"embryos,":[148],"provide":[150,215],"measurements":[151],"former\u2014an":[154],"internal,":[155],"caudally":[156],"negative,":[157],"gradient":[159],"beneath":[160],"plate":[163],"ectoderm.":[164],"endogenous":[169,206],"fields":[170],"order":[174],"10":[176],"20":[178],"mV/mm":[179],"range":[184],"known":[187],"affect":[189],"shape":[191],"migration":[193],"variety":[196],"cell":[199,219],"types":[200],"vitro.":[202],"We":[203],"suggest":[204],"voltages":[209],"vertebrate":[212],"may":[214],"gross":[216],"cues":[217],"movement":[220],"emerging":[222],"developmental":[223],"pattern.":[224],"\u00a9":[225],"1994":[226],"Wiley\u2010Liss,":[227],"Inc.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
