{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999265667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","title":"Challenges facing European labour markets: Is a skill upgrade the appropriate instrument?","display_name":"Challenges facing European labour markets: Is a skill upgrade the appropriate instrument?","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999265667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","mag":"1999265667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59289252","display_name":"Intereconomics","issn_l":"0020-5346","issn":["0020-5346","1613-964X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intereconomics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065861420","display_name":"St\u00e9fano Scarpetta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288051870","display_name":"Organisation de Coop\u00e9ration et de D\u00e9veloppement Economiques","ror":"https://ror.org/0438wbg98","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Scarpetta","raw_affiliation_strings":["OECD's Directorate for Employ-ment, Labour and Social Affairs, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OECD's Directorate for Employ-ment, Labour and Social Affairs, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090388651","display_name":"Anne Sonnet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288051870","display_name":"Organisation de Coop\u00e9ration et de D\u00e9veloppement Economiques","ror":"https://ror.org/0438wbg98","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Sonnet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Employment Research, University of Warwick, UK","OECD's Directorate for Em-ployment, Labour and Social Affairs, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Employment Research, University of Warwick, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"OECD's Directorate for Em-ployment, Labour and Social Affairs, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064431857","display_name":"Ilias Livanos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra (UPNA)","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilias Livanos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049849332","display_name":"Imanol N\u00fa\u00f1ez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3080-7529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3080-7529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imanol N\u00fa\u00f1ez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085201518","display_name":"William Craig Riddell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Craig Riddell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xueda Song, York University, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xueda Song, York University, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014745224","display_name":"Xueda Song","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueda Song","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070797882","display_name":"Ilaria Maselli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086988","display_name":"Centre for European Policy Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/000a2sx58","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086988"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilaria Maselli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086988"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.0993,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97921334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"1","first_page":"4","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.4871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.4871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.32280001044273376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13411","display_name":"Labor Market and Education","score":0.09839999675750732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skill-upgrading","display_name":"skill upgrading","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-labour-market","display_name":"European labour market","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-employment","display_name":"youth employment","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-rate","display_name":"employment rate","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lisbon-strategy","display_name":"Lisbon Strategy","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/europe-2020-strategy","display_name":"Europe 2020 strategy","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-and-employment","display_name":"education and employment","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-crisis","display_name":"economic crisis","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocational-education","display_name":"vocational education","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European Union","score":0.44600000977516174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190974861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048268","display_name":"European integration","level":3,"score":0.6151641607284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920419","display_name":"Upgrade","level":2,"score":0.6071617007255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5600895881652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.5544572472572327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778300220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114380","display_name":"Financial crisis","level":2,"score":0.552920937538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19159745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828395","display_name":"Social policy","level":2,"score":0.4970417320728302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.4938393235206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.37904858589172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.15385469794273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.12742263078689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59289252","display_name":"Intereconomics","issn_l":"0020-5346","issn":["0020-5346","1613-964X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intereconomics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:intere:v:47:y:2012:i:1:p:4-30","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s10272-012-0402-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/68322","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/68322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.4156000018119812,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579193340","https://openalex.org/W2955908173","https://openalex.org/W3122146701"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2346659272","https://openalex.org/W2123787832","https://openalex.org/W4253200357","https://openalex.org/W1607011989","https://openalex.org/W638149270","https://openalex.org/W4286462874","https://openalex.org/W2296119779","https://openalex.org/W128992822","https://openalex.org/W1828265656","https://openalex.org/W2275550959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24],"financial":[1],"and":[2,92],"economic":[3,47],"crisis":[4,48],"shattered":[5],"the":[6,12,46,52,71,79,88,95],"Lisbon":[7],"Strategy\u2019s":[8],"attempt":[9],"to":[10,16,56,77],"increase":[11,78],"EU\u2019s":[13,53],"employment":[14,33,54,80,93],"rate":[15,34,55],"70%":[17],"among":[18,83],"15\u201364":[19],"year":[20],"olds":[21],"by":[22,35],"2010.":[23],"new":[25],"Europe":[26],"2020":[27],"strategy":[28],"envisages":[29],"a":[30,67],"75%":[31],"adult":[32],"2020;":[36],"however,":[37],"this":[38],"goal":[39],"also":[40],"seems":[41],"unrealistic":[42],"in":[43],"light":[44],"of":[45,70],"which":[49],"has":[50],"caused":[51],"drop":[57],"significantly":[58],"below":[59],"70%.":[60],"A":[61],"crucial":[62],"question":[63],"now":[64],"is":[65],"whether":[66],"skill":[68],"upgrade":[69],"European":[72],"labour":[73],"force":[74],"would":[75],"help":[76],"rate,":[81],"especially":[82],"youth.":[84],"This":[85],"Forum":[86],"explores":[87],"relationship":[89],"between":[90],"education":[91],"throughout":[94],"EU.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
