{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998956667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900021","title":"Evaluation of Transient Liquid Phase Bonding Between Titanium and Steel","display_name":"Evaluation of Transient Liquid Phase Bonding Between Titanium and Steel","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998956667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900021","mag":"1998956667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/adem.200900021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156255550","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","issn_l":"1438-1656","issn":["1438-1656","1527-2648"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077571100","display_name":"A. Elrefaey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9794-5603","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9794-5603"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Elrefaey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Dortmund University of Technology. Leonhard-Euler-Str. 2, 44227 Dortmund, (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Dortmund University of Technology. Leonhard-Euler-Str. 2, 44227 Dortmund, (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020004541","display_name":"Wolfgang Tillmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-4187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-4187"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Tillmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Dortmund University of Technology. Leonhard-Euler-Str. 2, 44227 Dortmund, (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Dortmund University of Technology. Leonhard-Euler-Str. 2, 44227 Dortmund, (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077571100"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"],"apc_list":{"value":4520,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4520},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7279,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74867173,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"7","first_page":"556","last_page":"560"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10723","display_name":"Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10723","display_name":"Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10460","display_name":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","score":0.029200000688433647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient-liquid-phase-bonding","display_name":"transient liquid phase bonding","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium","display_name":"titanium","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-carbon-steel","display_name":"mild steel","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissimilar-metal-joining","display_name":"dissimilar metal joining","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercially-pure-titanium","display_name":"commercially pure titanium","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfacial-microstructure","display_name":"interfacial microstructure","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holding-time","display_name":"holding time","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brazed-joints","display_name":"brazed joints","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-quality","display_name":"joint quality","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-properties","display_name":"mechanical properties","score":0.9440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.916490912437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.7996783256530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506065880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716","display_name":"Titanium","level":2,"score":0.7465896010398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86171150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13389141","display_name":"Brazing","level":3,"score":0.6591285467147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.649068295955658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020315061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11435","display_name":"Liquid phase","level":2,"score":0.6366767883300781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6180857419967651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.595529317855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.5417687296867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4941098988056183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778560533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967996","display_name":"Carbon steel","level":3,"score":0.460183709859848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.43156641721725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.1508360505104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.14153459668159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.07728418707847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37756","display_name":"Alloy","level":2,"score":0.05574408173561096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/adem.200900021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156255550","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","issn_l":"1438-1656","issn":["1438-1656","1527-2648"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W586619846","https://openalex.org/W1516416533","https://openalex.org/W1972795494","https://openalex.org/W2059224156","https://openalex.org/W2065774888","https://openalex.org/W2083396021","https://openalex.org/W2148823466"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365304276","https://openalex.org/W4391972709","https://openalex.org/W2940535782","https://openalex.org/W1964409158","https://openalex.org/W2570263191","https://openalex.org/W4200163649","https://openalex.org/W3157599834","https://openalex.org/W2734999978","https://openalex.org/W2356832432","https://openalex.org/W2178081170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"investigation":[1],"of":[2,37,42,53],"microstructural":[3],"development":[4],"in":[5,21,25],"transient":[6],"liquid":[7],"phase":[8],"(TLP)":[9],"bonds":[10],"between":[11],"commercially":[12],"pure":[13],"titanium":[14],"and":[15,29,44,50],"low":[16],"carbon":[17],"steel":[18],"is":[19],"presented":[20],"this":[22],"study.":[23],"Changes":[24],"the":[26],"joint":[27,60],"region":[28],"surrounding":[30],"substrates":[31],"were":[32,56],"examined":[33],"as":[34],"a":[35],"function":[36],"holding":[38],"time":[39],"at":[40],"temperatures":[41],"870":[43],"910":[45],"\u00b0C.":[46],"Both":[47],"interfacial":[48],"microstructures":[49],"mechanical":[51],"properties":[52],"brazed":[54],"joints":[55],"investigated":[57],"to":[58],"evaluate":[59],"quality.":[61]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}