{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998757358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","title":"Virologic Markers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Cerebrospinal Fluid","display_name":"Virologic Markers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Cerebrospinal Fluid","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998757358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","mag":"1998757358","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8515134"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017306542","display_name":"Stephen A. Spector","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1882-4855","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1882-4855"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen A. Spector","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103423522","display_name":"Karen Hsia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Hsia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048529381","display_name":"D.L. Pratt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Pratt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027279869","display_name":"Janet L. Lathey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janet Lathey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084212482","display_name":"John Allen McCutchan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-4531","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-4531"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Allen McCutchan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111502967","display_name":"John E. Alcaraz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John E. Alcaraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065560023","display_name":"J. Hampton Atkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Hampton Atkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079691351","display_name":"Steven J. Gulevich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Gulevich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061821866","display_name":"Mark R. Wallace","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-1011","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-1011"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Wallace","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111580482","display_name":"Igor Grant","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Grant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Math and Statistics, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, Center for Molecular Genetics, Naval Hospital, and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017306542"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":{"value":4763,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4763},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78034865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"168","issue":"1","first_page":"68","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebrospinal-fluid","display_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-associated-neurocognitive-disorders","display_name":"HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-dna","display_name":"HIV-1 DNA","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-rna","display_name":"HIV-1 RNA","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebrospinal-fluid-culture","display_name":"cerebrospinal fluid culture","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebrospinal-fluid-protein","display_name":"cerebrospinal fluid protein","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/csf-white-blood-cell-count","display_name":"CSF white blood cell count","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-seropositivity","display_name":"HIV-1 seropositivity","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system-infection","display_name":"central nervous system infection","score":0.6610000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779651940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54196","display_name":"Cerebrospinal fluid","level":2,"score":0.8601013422012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49105822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996","display_name":"Polymerase chain reaction","level":3,"score":0.5884143710136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.5836803317070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5348412394523621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5284497737884521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4997546672821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.49196097254753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.4340531527996063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3267749845981598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2887759208679199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.08549699187278748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002474","descriptor_name":"Cell-Free System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002474","descriptor_name":"Cell-Free System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002474","descriptor_name":"Cell-Free System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004279","descriptor_name":"DNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004279","descriptor_name":"DNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004279","descriptor_name":"DNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012367","descriptor_name":"RNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012367","descriptor_name":"RNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012367","descriptor_name":"RNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015215","descriptor_name":"Zidovudine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015215","descriptor_name":"Zidovudine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015215","descriptor_name":"Zidovudine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000134","qualifier_name":"cerebrospinal fluid","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016133","descriptor_name":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.1.68","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8515134","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8515134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of infectious diseases","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1329234110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH 43298","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G339092209","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH45294","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6142349564","display_name":"NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SEQUELAE OF HTLV-III INFECTIONS","funder_award_id":"5r01mh043298-04","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G725174671","display_name":"HIV NEUROBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH CENTER","funder_award_id":"5p50mh045294-12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13220794","https://openalex.org/W103650626","https://openalex.org/W1273713251","https://openalex.org/W1885939315","https://openalex.org/W1964167498","https://openalex.org/W1964844469","https://openalex.org/W1966975469","https://openalex.org/W1975095798","https://openalex.org/W1984069423","https://openalex.org/W1987984478","https://openalex.org/W2003567882","https://openalex.org/W2007401169","https://openalex.org/W2030692398","https://openalex.org/W2036835054","https://openalex.org/W2038812158","https://openalex.org/W2039456926","https://openalex.org/W2054805201","https://openalex.org/W2054859539","https://openalex.org/W2064009609","https://openalex.org/W2066343455","https://openalex.org/W2067495470","https://openalex.org/W2084201143","https://openalex.org/W2089585649","https://openalex.org/W2114601677","https://openalex.org/W2126886533","https://openalex.org/W2129816627","https://openalex.org/W2132781964","https://openalex.org/W2133078539","https://openalex.org/W2134812217","https://openalex.org/W2312778470","https://openalex.org/W2317372982","https://openalex.org/W2330207218","https://openalex.org/W2337226613","https://openalex.org/W2396749153","https://openalex.org/W2418938475","https://openalex.org/W2584373698","https://openalex.org/W2893042394","https://openalex.org/W2989345970"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139983200","https://openalex.org/W2056420846","https://openalex.org/W2147040603","https://openalex.org/W2160158790","https://openalex.org/W2169035743","https://openalex.org/W2054848430","https://openalex.org/W2062279822","https://openalex.org/W1561127041","https://openalex.org/W1966596277","https://openalex.org/W2016430243"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"part":[1],"of":[2,45,53,105,122,129,135,145,159,170],"a":[3],"longitudinal":[4],"study,":[5],"265":[6],"cerebrospinal":[7],"fluid":[8],"(CSF)":[9],"specimens":[10],"from":[11,89,95,113],"204":[12,28],"human":[13],"immunodeficiency":[14],"virus":[15],"type":[16],"1":[17,37],"(HIV-1)-seropositive":[18],"subjects":[19],"and":[20,75,125,142],"43":[21],"seronegative":[22],"controls":[23],"were":[24,66],"evaluated.":[25],"Of":[26],"the":[27,43,51,96,146,154,157,168,173],"seropositive":[29,115],"persons,":[30],"78":[31],"(38%)":[32],"had":[33],">":[34],"or":[35],"=":[36,59,73,82],"CSF":[38,54,69,76,91,149],"culture":[39,47,64],"positive":[40,48,118],"for":[41],"HIV-1;":[42],"probability":[44],"being":[46],"increased":[49,57],"as":[50],"number":[52],"samples":[55],"obtained":[56],"(P":[58,72,81],".0018).":[60],"Significantly":[61],"correlated":[62],"with":[63],"positivity":[65],"elevations":[67],"in":[68,119,126],"protein":[70],"level":[71],".014)":[74],"white":[77],"blood":[78],"cell":[79],"count":[80],".001).":[83],"Virus":[84],"was":[85,117],"more":[86],"readily":[87],"cultured":[88],"clarified":[90],"(89%,":[92],"42/47)":[93],"than":[94],"cellular":[97],"fraction":[98],"(30%,":[99],"14/47;":[100],"P":[101],"<":[102],".00001).":[103],"Amplification":[104],"HIV-1":[106,171],"DNA":[107],"by":[108],"polymerase":[109],"chain":[110],"reaction":[111],"(PCR)":[112],"25":[114],"persons":[116],"9":[120,143],"(82%)":[121],"11":[123,140],"culture-positive":[124,141],"4":[127],"(29%)":[128],"14":[130,147],"culture-negative":[131,148],"specimens,":[132],"while":[133],"amplification":[134],"viral":[136],"RNA":[137],"detected":[138],"all":[139],"(64%)":[144],"specimens.":[150],"These":[151],"data":[152],"support":[153],"hypothesis":[155],"that":[156],"development":[158],"HIV-1-associated":[160],"neurocognitive":[161],"disorders":[162],"are":[163],"not":[164],"dependent":[165],"solely":[166],"on":[167],"presence":[169],"within":[172],"central":[174],"nervous":[175],"system.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}