{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998714853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","title":"The Undertreatment of Dysthymia","display_name":"The Undertreatment of Dysthymia","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998714853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","mag":"1998714853","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9062374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S17992710","display_name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry","issn_l":"0160-6689","issn":["0160-6689","1534-8628","1555-2101"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614534","host_organization_name":"Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614534"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010294016","display_name":"Richard Charles Shelton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3806-4208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3806-4208"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard C. Shelton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Psychopharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212-8646, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Psychopharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212-8646, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101864584","display_name":"Jonathan R. T. Davidson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-8913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-8913"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Davidson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111797552","display_name":"Kimberly Ann Yonkers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-7636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-7636"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly A. Yonkers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011655129","display_name":"Lorrin M. Koran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0092-3721","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0092-3721"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorrin Koran","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085107940","display_name":"Michael E. Thase","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-0861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-0861","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3646-845X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael E. Thase","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111772750","display_name":"Teri B. Pearlstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teri Pearlstein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045032742","display_name":"Uriel M Halbreich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-809X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-809X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uriel Halbreich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9161,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95061884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"2","first_page":"59","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13118","display_name":"Psychological Treatments and Disorders","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dysthymia","display_name":"dysthymia","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undertreatment","display_name":"undertreatment","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-treatment","display_name":"antidepressant treatment","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychotherapy","display_name":"psychotherapy","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-treatment-history","display_name":"prior treatment history","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-disorders","display_name":"personality disorders","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance-abuse","display_name":"substance abuse","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sertraline","display_name":"sertraline","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imipramine","display_name":"imipramine","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-depression","display_name":"chronic depression","score":0.765999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911125582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427810","display_name":"Dysthymic Disorder","level":4,"score":0.6438477039337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777669559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407617","display_name":"Sertraline","level":4,"score":0.6390847563743591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500440147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701216","display_name":"Pharmacotherapy","level":2,"score":0.5995334386825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5933246612548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.5928811430931091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5780799984931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780051608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","level":3,"score":0.518751859664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779177272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76560","display_name":"Antidepressant","level":3,"score":0.49818968772888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776466505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385555","display_name":"Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression","level":4,"score":0.4811016917228699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781210005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6738337","display_name":"Major depressive episode","level":3,"score":0.4622912108898163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4537636339664459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150966472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3410145","display_name":"Psychosocial","level":2,"score":0.4514162540435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780600973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712836","display_name":"Borderline personality disorder","level":2,"score":0.426848828792572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295720","display_name":"Rating scale","level":2,"score":0.42284905910491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777308609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270673","display_name":"Personality disorders","level":3,"score":0.41735056042671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3538380265235901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3077945113182068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.2915970981121063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.23953589797019958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.1624346375465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000553","descriptor_name":"Ambulatory Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000928","descriptor_name":"Antidepressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005190","descriptor_name":"Family","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007099","descriptor_name":"Imipramine","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007099","descriptor_name":"Imipramine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010554","descriptor_name":"Personality Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010919","descriptor_name":"Placebos","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011569","descriptor_name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015057","descriptor_name":"1-Naphthylamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015057","descriptor_name":"1-Naphthylamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015057","descriptor_name":"1-Naphthylamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016037","descriptor_name":"Single-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017668","descriptor_name":"Age of Onset","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019263","descriptor_name":"Dysthymic Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019263","descriptor_name":"Dysthymic Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019263","descriptor_name":"Dysthymic Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020280","descriptor_name":"Sertraline","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v58n0202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S17992710","display_name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry","issn_l":"0160-6689","issn":["0160-6689","1534-8628","1555-2101"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614534","host_organization_name":"Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614534"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9062374","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9062374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2418052433","https://openalex.org/W4251852327","https://openalex.org/W2384051963","https://openalex.org/W1999988930","https://openalex.org/W83731717","https://openalex.org/W1963819738","https://openalex.org/W2060590101","https://openalex.org/W181514247","https://openalex.org/W2089546739","https://openalex.org/W2060623006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Dysthymia":[1],"is":[2,8,40],"a":[3,15],"chronic":[4],"depressive":[5],"condition":[6,12,39],"that":[7],"quite":[9],"prevalent.":[10],"This":[11],"can":[13],"exact":[14],"significant":[16],"toll":[17],"on":[18,49,199],"the":[19,27,31,38,76,98,123,136,162,187,210,244],"general":[20],"health":[21],"and":[22,33,69,85,97,119,132,151,169,180,221,227],"quality":[23],"of":[24,35,126,135,141,158,164,176,189,204,212],"life":[25],"in":[26,233,249],"affected":[28],"individual.":[29],"Despite":[30],"frequency":[32,163],"consequences":[34],"dysthymia,":[36,57],"however,":[37],"often":[41],"not":[42,208],"diagnosed":[43],"or":[44,214],"treated.":[45],"We":[46],"present":[47],"data":[48],"prior":[50,165,190],"treatment":[51,107],"from":[52],"410":[53],"patients":[54,137,232],"with":[55,110,149,153,173,225],"DSM-III-R":[56],"primary":[58],"type,":[59],"early":[60],"onset":[61],"without":[62],"concurrent":[63],"major":[64,142,159,177],"depression.":[65],"METHOD:":[66],"Axis":[67],"I":[68],"II":[70,87],"diagnoses":[71],"were":[72,103,236],"made":[73],"by":[74],"using":[75],"Structured":[77],"Clinical":[78,99],"Interviews":[79],"for":[80,88,95,246],"DSM-III-R,":[81],"Patient":[82],"Version":[83],"(SCID-P)":[84],"SCID":[86],"Personality":[89],"Disorders.":[90],"The":[91],"Hamilton":[92],"Rating":[93],"Scale":[94],"Depression":[96],"Global":[100],"Impressions":[101],"scale":[102],"also":[104],"completed.":[105],"Prior":[106],"was":[108,128],"assessed,":[109],"special":[111],"attention":[112],"paid":[113],"to":[114],"previous":[115,139],"antidepressant":[116,166,213,240],"drug":[117],"therapy":[118],"psychotherapy.":[120,154],"RESULTS:":[121],"Although":[122],"mean":[124],"duration":[125],"dysthymia":[127,220],"about":[129],"30":[130],"years":[131],"almost":[133],"half":[134],"had":[138,146],"episodes":[140],"depression,":[143],"only":[144],"41.3%":[145],"been":[147],"treated":[148],"antidepressants":[150],"56.1%":[152],"A":[155,202],"past":[156,200],"history":[157,175,203,211],"depression":[160,178],"increased":[161,186],"pharmacotherapy":[167,247],"(45.7%)":[168],"psychotherapy":[170,191,215],"(59.4%)":[171],"compared":[172],"no":[174,197],"(36.8%":[179],"40.9%,":[181],"respectively).":[182],"Comorbid":[183],"personality":[184],"disorder":[185],"likelihood":[188],"(70.7%":[192],"vs.":[193],"49.6%)":[194],"while":[195],"having":[196],"effect":[198],"pharmacotherapy.":[201],"substance":[205],"abuse":[206],"did":[207],"affect":[209],"treatment.":[216,229],"In":[217],"this":[218,234,250],"study,":[219],"psychosocial":[222],"outcomes":[223],"improved":[224],"sertraline":[226],"imipramine":[228],"CONCLUSION:":[230],"Dysthymic":[231],"sample":[235],"significantly":[237],"undertreated.":[238],"Newer":[239],"agents":[241],"may":[242],"alter":[243],"potential":[245],"interventions":[248],"vulnerable":[251],"population.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
