{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998594071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/i160002a015","title":"Reliability Theory in Chemical System Design","display_name":"Reliability Theory in Chemical System Design","publication_year":1962,"publication_date":"1962-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998594071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/i160002a015","mag":"1998594071"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/i160002a015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/i160002a015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/i160002a015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190649576","display_name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals","issn_l":"0196-4313","issn":["0196-4313","1541-4833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111704818","display_name":"Dale F. Rudd","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. F. Rudd","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111704818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8722,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82075472,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"138","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.290800005197525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11053","display_name":"Process Optimization and Integration","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-theory","display_name":"reliability theory","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-reliability","display_name":"system reliability","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-plants","display_name":"chemical plants","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failure-analysis","display_name":"failure analysis","score":0.41999998688697815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.7783873677253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6663833260536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156474","display_name":"Icon","level":2,"score":0.5369107127189636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5213714241981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.5081961154937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778407487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14565201","display_name":"Altmetrics","level":2,"score":0.4741211235523224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4277699589729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.263447105884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06244632601737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/i160002a015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/i160002a015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/i160002a015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190649576","display_name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals","issn_l":"0196-4313","issn":["0196-4313","1541-4833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W574326363","https://openalex.org/W2116786274","https://openalex.org/W4251848739","https://openalex.org/W2379357126","https://openalex.org/W4237873482","https://openalex.org/W4214537689","https://openalex.org/W2059885561","https://openalex.org/W2941731710","https://openalex.org/W2915694261","https://openalex.org/W1030285380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ADVERTISEMENT":[0],"RETURN":[1],"TO":[2],"ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReliability":[3],"Theory":[4],"in":[5],"Chemical":[6],"System":[7],"DesignD.":[8],"F.":[9],"RuddCite":[10],"this:":[11],"Ind.":[12],"Eng.":[13],"Chem.":[14],"Fundamen.":[15],"1962,":[16],"1,":[17,22],"2,":[18],"138\u2013143Publication":[19],"Date":[20],"(Print):May":[21],"1962Publication":[23],"History":[24],"Published":[25],"online1":[26],"May":[27,31],"2002Published":[28],"inissue":[29],"1":[30],"1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160002a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i160002a015research-articleACS":[32],"PublicationsRequest":[33],"reuse":[34],"permissionsArticle":[35],"Views120Altmetric-Citations16LEARN":[36],"ABOUT":[37],"THESE":[38],"METRICSArticle":[39],"Views":[40],"are":[41,64,77],"the":[42,73,78,107,118,131,134,139,146,152],"COUNTER-compliant":[43],"sum":[44],"of":[45,80,106],"full":[46],"text":[47],"article":[48,112],"downloads":[49],"since":[50],"November":[51],"2008":[52],"(both":[53],"PDF":[54],"and":[55,60,89,133,150,166,168],"HTML)":[56],"across":[57],"all":[58],"institutions":[59],"individuals.":[61],"These":[62],"metrics":[63],"regularly":[65],"updated":[66,90],"to":[67,72],"reflect":[68],"usage":[69],"leading":[70],"up":[71],"last":[74],"few":[75],"days.Citations":[76],"number":[79],"other":[81],"articles":[82],"citing":[83],"this":[84],"article,":[85],"calculated":[86],"by":[87],"Crossref":[88,96],"daily.":[91],"Find":[92,142],"more":[93,143],"information":[94,144],"about":[95,130],"citation":[97],"counts.The":[98],"Altmetric":[99,147],"Attention":[100,148],"Score":[101,149],"is":[102,154],"a":[103,110,123],"quantitative":[104],"measure":[105],"attention":[108],"that":[109],"research":[111],"has":[113],"received":[114],"online.":[115],"Clicking":[116],"on":[117,145],"donut":[119],"icon":[120],"will":[121],"load":[122],"page":[124],"at":[125],"altmetric.com":[126],"with":[127,162],"additional":[128],"details":[129],"score":[132,153],"social":[135],"media":[136],"presence":[137],"for":[138],"given":[140],"article.":[141],"how":[151],"calculated.":[155],"Share":[156,171],"Add":[157],"toView":[158],"InAdd":[159],"Full":[160],"Text":[161],"ReferenceAdd":[163],"Description":[164],"ExportRISCitationCitation":[165],"abstractCitation":[167],"referencesMore":[169],"Options":[170],"onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked":[172],"InRedditEmail":[173],"Other":[174],"access":[175],"options":[176],"Get":[177],"e-Alerts":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}