{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998367112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701838531","title":"Occurrence of Neural Tube Defects in Pregnancy: An Excess of Cases in a 2773-km2 Area in Central Italy","display_name":"Occurrence of Neural Tube Defects in Pregnancy: An Excess of Cases in a 2773-km2 Area in Central Italy","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998367112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701838531","mag":"1998367112","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18569606"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/15287390701838531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701838531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701838531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85071590","display_name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","issn_l":"0098-4108","issn":["0098-4108","1087-2620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","norway-1","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036198359","display_name":"Emilia Prospero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2387-8639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2387-8639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emilia Prospero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Hygiene, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Hygiene, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037678989","display_name":"Pamela Barbadoro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1495-0165","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1495-0165"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela Barbadoro","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004122689","display_name":"Fabio Filippetti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261091","display_name":"Regione Marche","ror":"https://ror.org/04s4apw49","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261091"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Filippetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Health Service, Regione Marche, Ancona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health Service, Regione Marche, Ancona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026424103","display_name":"Remo Appignanesi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261091","display_name":"Regione Marche","ror":"https://ror.org/04s4apw49","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261091"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Remo Appignanesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Health Service, Regione Marche, Ancona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health Service, Regione Marche, Ancona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019528189","display_name":"Andrea Ciavattini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-4947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-4947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Ciavattini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033308266","display_name":"Flavia Carle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-6528","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-6528"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Flavia Carle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036198359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5739645,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"15","first_page":"981","last_page":"983"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11833","display_name":"Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11833","display_name":"Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12716","display_name":"Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12229","display_name":"Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-tube-defects","display_name":"neural tube defects","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anencephaly","display_name":"anencephaly","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-malformations","display_name":"congenital malformations","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/birth-defect-prevalence","display_name":"birth defect prevalence","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-risk-factors","display_name":"environmental risk factors","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drinking-water-contamination","display_name":"drinking water contamination","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorine-disinfection","display_name":"chlorine disinfection","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-italy","display_name":"central Italy","score":0.37700000405311584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776394550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529292","display_name":"Anencephaly","level":4,"score":0.8329739570617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.6764397621154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6373522281646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5745642185211182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780594696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127402","display_name":"Neural tube","level":3,"score":0.5379821062088013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5289920568466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5193648934364319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73269764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954529","display_name":"Poisson regression","level":3,"score":0.5024290084838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.47806409001350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.47194617986679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.420074462890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.39401811361312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172680121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26513","display_name":"Fetus","level":3,"score":0.255725234746933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.18028220534324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14524129033088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196843134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196","display_name":"Embryo","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000757","descriptor_name":"Anencephaly","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000757","descriptor_name":"Anencephaly","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004196","descriptor_name":"Disease Outbreaks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005865","descriptor_name":"Gestational Age","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008423","descriptor_name":"Maternal Age","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012621","descriptor_name":"Seasons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013029","descriptor_name":"Space-Time Clustering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062665","descriptor_name":"Epidemiological Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/15287390701838531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701838531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701838531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85071590","display_name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","issn_l":"0098-4108","issn":["0098-4108","1087-2620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","norway-1","poland-70"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18569606","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18569606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.univpm.it:11566/225465","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11566/225465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402571","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche (Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","host_organization_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985425448","https://openalex.org/W1991251169","https://openalex.org/W2011807665","https://openalex.org/W2048994040","https://openalex.org/W2064281606","https://openalex.org/W2096528296","https://openalex.org/W2162643346","https://openalex.org/W2322037963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7171845353","https://openalex.org/W1577243370","https://openalex.org/W4385209086","https://openalex.org/W2465583420","https://openalex.org/W4391069461","https://openalex.org/W1978536735","https://openalex.org/W2038741452","https://openalex.org/W4389504664","https://openalex.org/W2334854369","https://openalex.org/W3163396407"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neural":[0],"tube":[1],"defects":[2,185],"(NTDs)":[3],"have":[4],"a":[5,36,43,56,60,212,221],"complex":[6],"and":[7,15,95],"imperfectly":[8],"understood":[9],"etiology,":[10],"in":[11,35,39,46,55,82,97,165,168,177,217],"which":[12,162],"both":[13],"genetic":[14],"environmental":[16,75,148,188],"factors":[17,69,138,190],"might":[18],"be":[19,201],"involved.":[20],"The":[21,86,100,174,195],"aim":[22],"of":[23,31,33,51,62,79,104,111,115,124,135,155,171,183,198,211,224],"the":[24,144,152,169,181,206,209],"study":[25],"was":[26,89,139],"to":[27,192,219],"describe":[28],"an":[29,120,166],"excess":[30],"cases":[32,114],"NTDs":[34],"small":[37],"area":[38],"central":[40],"Italy.":[41],"Over":[42],"2-wk":[44],"period":[45],"autumn":[47],"2002,":[48,143],"three":[49],"diagnoses":[50],"anencephaly":[52],"were":[53,84,106,117],"made":[54],"2773-km(2)":[57],"area.":[58,99],"As":[59],"consequence":[61],"these":[63,225],"events,":[64],"information":[65],"on":[66,74],"known":[67,136],"risk":[68,137,189],"as":[70,72],"well":[71],"data":[73,199],"changes,":[76],"or":[77],"epidemics":[78],"infectious":[80],"diseases,":[81],"2002-2004,":[83],"collected.":[85],"NTD":[87,116,121],"rate":[88,123],"estimated":[90,107],"for":[91,147,208],"10,000":[92,127],"births":[93,128],"(live":[94],"stillborn)":[96],"this":[98],"95%":[101],"confidence":[102],"intervals":[103],"rates":[105],"assuming":[108],"Poisson":[109],"distribution":[110],"cases.":[112],"Six":[113],"observed,":[118],"with":[119],"prevalence":[122],"18.5":[125],"per":[126],"(95%":[129],"CI":[130],"17.0,":[131],"20.12).":[132],"No":[133],"evidence":[134],"reported.":[140],"During":[141],"summer":[142],"local":[145],"service":[146],"surveillance":[149],"observed":[150],"that":[151],"threshold":[153],"level":[154],"drinking-water":[156],"bacterial":[157],"contamination":[158],"had":[159],"been":[160],"exceeded,":[161],"probably":[163],"resulted":[164],"adjustment":[167],"amount":[170],"chlorine":[172],"added.":[173],"major":[175],"difficulty":[176],"making":[178],"hypotheses":[179],"regarding":[180],"causes":[182],"birth":[184],"is":[186],"linking":[187],"exposure":[191],"fetal":[193],"outcome.":[194],"prompt":[196],"gathering":[197],"may":[200],"essential.":[202],"Thus,":[203],"we":[204],"emphasize":[205],"need":[207],"activation":[210],"population-based":[213],"congenital":[214],"malformation":[215],"registry":[216],"order":[218],"achieve":[220],"deeper":[222],"understanding":[223],"events":[226],"etiology.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
