{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998009983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109114219702500201","title":"Voluntary Cutbacks and Pretreaty Behavior: the Helsinki Protocol and Sulfur Emissions","display_name":"Voluntary Cutbacks and Pretreaty Behavior: the Helsinki Protocol and Sulfur Emissions","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998009983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109114219702500201","mag":"1998009983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/109114219702500201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109114219702500201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109114219702500201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180492355","display_name":"Public Finance Review","issn_l":"1091-1421","issn":["1091-1421","1552-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Public Finance Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109803339","display_name":"James C Murdoch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James C. Murdoch","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas-Dallas","University of Texas at Dallas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas-Dallas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Dallas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049574879","display_name":"Todd M. Sandler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9077-5915","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9077-5915"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd Sandler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iowa State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iowa State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95728703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"139","last_page":"162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.8637999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.8637999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13756","display_name":"International Environmental Law and Policies","score":0.07670000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13148","display_name":"Environmental and Air Quality Management","score":0.015799999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfur-emissions","display_name":"sulfur emissions","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transboundary-pollution","display_name":"transboundary pollution","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noncooperative-games","display_name":"non-cooperative game","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfur-deposition","display_name":"sulfur deposition","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-quality-policy","display_name":"air quality policy","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European Union","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-environmental-agreements","display_name":"international environmental agreements","score":0.4659999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5909772515296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4852735698223114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518881349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682","display_name":"Sulfur","level":2,"score":0.4285967946052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100405246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8348417","display_name":"Emissions trading","level":3,"score":0.42823129892349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99743013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47359","display_name":"Kyoto Protocol","level":3,"score":0.41817381978034973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.35843992233276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.343369722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.3288610875606537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.17038634419441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1527450978755951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.08568266034126282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07068648934364319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/109114219702500201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109114219702500201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109114219702500201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180492355","display_name":"Public Finance Review","issn_l":"1091-1421","issn":["1091-1421","1552-7530"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Public Finance Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:pubfin:v:25:y:1997:i:2:p:139-162","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/109114219702500201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567913693","https://openalex.org/W1966421015","https://openalex.org/W1981171291","https://openalex.org/W1991967112","https://openalex.org/W1994610198","https://openalex.org/W1996833810","https://openalex.org/W2003495503","https://openalex.org/W2009179044","https://openalex.org/W2028226037","https://openalex.org/W2076867596","https://openalex.org/W2078214086","https://openalex.org/W2086838579","https://openalex.org/W2112688502","https://openalex.org/W2114872958","https://openalex.org/W2117897510","https://openalex.org/W2162886345","https://openalex.org/W2496675188","https://openalex.org/W2997100320","https://openalex.org/W3217315573","https://openalex.org/W4237128792","https://openalex.org/W4250296667","https://openalex.org/W4404830228","https://openalex.org/W4404830233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096862287","https://openalex.org/W6926024881","https://openalex.org/W2120978845","https://openalex.org/W154824413","https://openalex.org/W2570407220","https://openalex.org/W1482769174","https://openalex.org/W1965762564","https://openalex.org/W6945132608","https://openalex.org/W1648779859","https://openalex.org/W2075907507"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,75],"article":[1],"formulates":[2],"a":[3],"noncooperative":[4,99],"game":[5],"model":[6],"of":[7,17,54,81,104],"sulfur":[8,40],"emission":[9,26,55,82,89],"reductions":[10,27,69],"that":[11,110],"accounts":[12],"for":[13,25,61],"the":[14,35,65,79,98,105],"transboundary":[15],"transport":[16],"emissions.":[18],"Based":[19],"on":[20,39,78],"this":[21],"model,":[22],"European":[23,59],"demand":[24,60,76],"is":[28],"derived":[29],"from":[30],"1980":[31],"to":[32,49,64,97],"1985.":[33],"In":[34],"early":[36],"1980s,":[37],"information":[38],"emissions":[41],"and":[42,46,91,101],"depositions":[43],"became":[44],"available":[45],"allowed":[47],"nations":[48,112],"assess":[50],"their":[51],"desired":[52],"levels":[53],"reductions.":[56],"We":[57],"estimate":[58],"cutbacks":[62],"prior":[63],"Helsinki":[66],"Protocol's":[67],"mandated":[68],"by":[70],"using":[71],"spatially":[72],"autoregressive":[73],"techniques.":[74],"depends":[77],"price":[80],"cutbacks,":[83],"national":[84],"income,":[85],"self-inflicted":[86],"damage,":[87],"baseline":[88],"levels,":[90],"freedoms.":[92],"Qualitative":[93],"analysis":[94],"lends":[95],"support":[96],"depiction":[100],"our":[102],"characterization":[103],"Protocol":[106],"as":[107],"reflecting":[108],"actions":[109],"many":[111],"were":[113],"already":[114],"taking.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
