{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998003969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","title":"Prior expectations in line orientation perception","display_name":"Prior expectations in line orientation perception","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998003969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","mag":"1998003969"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/9.8.1041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027178725","display_name":"Ahna Reza Girshick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. R. Girshick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University","Department of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080476548","display_name":"Eero P. Simoncelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1206-527X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1206-527X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344073410","display_name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/006w34k90","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. P. Simoncelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Center for Neural Science, New York University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Center for Neural Science, New York University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344073410","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069621196","display_name":"Michael S. Landy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2079-4552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2079-4552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. S. Landy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University","Department of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, New York University, and Center for Neural Science, New York University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14726366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"8","first_page":"1041","last_page":"1041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12032","display_name":"Multisensory perception and integration","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oblique-effect","display_name":"oblique effect","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-expectations","display_name":"prior expectations","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-estimation","display_name":"Bayesian estimation","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation-discrimination","display_name":"orientation discrimination","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gabor-patches","display_name":"Gabor patches","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-distributions","display_name":"prior distributions","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-perception","display_name":"visual perception","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7222959995269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.5745616555213928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5134606957435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5024635791778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160697094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1233197","display_name":"Oblique case","level":2,"score":0.4972980320453644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.47425997257232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.4259375035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4153621792793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4151882529258728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32853448390960693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32117384672164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23322543501853943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.18802109360694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.14934495091438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1167/9.8.1041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.218.2032","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.218.2032","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cns.nyu.edu/~msl/posters/girshicketal09.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/9.8.1041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/9.8.1041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2323839158","https://openalex.org/W2006991479","https://openalex.org/W1980140248","https://openalex.org/W2604231843","https://openalex.org/W7100871602","https://openalex.org/W2010765557","https://openalex.org/W2117215414","https://openalex.org/W7098316344","https://openalex.org/W3196775898","https://openalex.org/W4402905388"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,89,172,193,257],"visual":[1,28],"world":[2],"is":[3],"full":[4],"of":[5,10,46,73,81,187,245],"contours,":[6],"with":[7,27,106,261,273],"a":[8,24,33,41,86,93,121,130,185,213,262,267],"preponderance":[9],"cardinal":[11,53,255,277],"(vertical":[12],"and":[13,67,165,174],"horizontal)":[14],"orientations":[15,91,161],"(Switkes":[16],"et":[17],"al.,":[18],"1978).":[19],"Do":[20],"observers":[21,205,238],"behave":[22],"in":[23,85,92,142,226],"Bayesian":[25,42,263],"fashion,":[26],"orientation":[29,45,133,188,244],"estimates":[30],"based":[31,119],"on":[32,64,69,120],"prior":[34,201,269],"distribution":[35,202,270],"reflecting":[36],"these":[37],"statistics?":[38],"For":[39],"such":[40],"estimator,":[43],"estimated":[44],"ambiguous":[47],"stimuli":[48,60],"will":[49],"be":[50],"biased":[51,251],"toward":[52,252],"orientations.":[54,278],"Methods:":[55],"On":[56],"each":[57,190],"trial,":[58],"two":[59],"were":[61,95,103],"shown,":[62],"one":[63,68,178,197],"the":[65,70,74,137,181,200,219,221,227,235,242,246,253,276],"left":[66],"right":[71],"side":[72],"display,":[75],"for":[76],"750":[77],"ms.":[78],"Each":[79],"consisted":[80],"64":[82],"Gabor":[83,90],"patches":[84],"circular":[87],"window.":[88],"stimulus":[94,126,148,232,248],"either":[96],"all":[97],"identical":[98],"(L:":[99],"low":[100],"noise)":[101],"or":[102],"normally":[104],"distributed":[105],"standard":[107,160],"deviation":[108],"approximately":[109],"20":[110],"deg":[111],"(H:":[112],"high":[113],"noise;":[114],"SD":[115],"chosen":[116],"per":[117],"observer":[118,264],"pilot":[122],"discrimination":[123,217],"experiment).":[124],"One":[125],"(the":[127,139],"standard)":[128],"had":[129,149],"fixed":[131],"mean":[132,143,153],"(varied":[134],"across":[135],"blocks);":[136],"other":[138],"comparison)":[140],"varied":[141],"orientation.":[144,154,256],"Observers":[145,211],"indicated":[146],"which":[147],"greater":[150],"(more":[151],"\u201cclockwise\u201d)":[152],"Conditions":[155],"(across":[156],"blocks)":[157],"included":[158],"12":[159],"(spanning":[162],"180":[163],"deg)":[164],"three":[166],"comparison":[167],"types":[168],"(LvL,":[169],"HvH,":[170],"LvH).":[171],"LvL":[173,222],"HvH":[175,228],"conditions":[176,229],"allow":[177],"to":[179,198,231],"estimate":[180,199],"just-noticeable":[182],"difference":[183],"as":[184,240],"function":[186],"at":[189,218,275],"noise":[191],"level.":[192],"LvH":[194,236],"condition":[195],"allows":[196],"used":[203],"by":[204],"(Stocker":[206],"&":[207],"Simoncelli,":[208],"2006).":[209],"Results:":[210],"showed":[212],"classic":[214],"oblique":[215],"effect\u2014better":[216],"cardinals\u2014in":[220],"conditions,":[223,237],"but":[224],"not":[225],"due":[230],"noise.":[233],"In":[234],"behaved":[239],"if":[241],"perceived":[243],"high-noise":[247],"was":[249],"systematically":[250],"nearest":[254],"data":[258],"are":[259],"consistent":[260],"that":[265],"uses":[266],"non-uniform":[268],"over":[271],"orientation,":[272],"peaks":[274]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}