{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997828752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","title":"A Long-term Follow-up of Male Alcohol Abuse","display_name":"A Long-term Follow-up of Male Alcohol Abuse","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997828752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","mag":"1997828752","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8611061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126359496","display_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","issn_l":"0003-990X","issn":["0003-990X","1538-3636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W1997828752"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110425067","display_name":"George E. Vaillant","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George E. Vaillant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass. USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass. USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110425067"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6576,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":239,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97222941,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"3","first_page":"243","last_page":"243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11464","display_name":"Homelessness and Social Issues","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-alcohol-abuse","display_name":"chronic alcohol abuse","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcoholism","display_name":"alcoholism","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstinence","display_name":"abstinence","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapse","display_name":"relapse","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remission","display_name":"remission","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-university-students","display_name":"male university students","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inner-city-adolescents","display_name":"inner-city adolescents","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longitudinal-follow-up","display_name":"longitudinal follow-up","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symptom-progression","display_name":"symptom progression","score":0.4269999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6996914148330688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780931562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331102","display_name":"Alcohol abuse","level":2,"score":0.5861828327178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.515007734298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4897313416004181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781066024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156","display_name":"Alcohol","level":2,"score":0.4627307653427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3733379542827606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.332862913608551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.04164785146713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000428","descriptor_name":"Alcohol Drinking","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000428","descriptor_name":"Alcohol Drinking","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000437","descriptor_name":"Alcoholism","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000437","descriptor_name":"Alcoholism","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000437","descriptor_name":"Alcoholism","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012008","descriptor_name":"Recurrence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012111","descriptor_name":"Residence Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013695","descriptor_name":"Temperance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017063","descriptor_name":"Outcome Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017668","descriptor_name":"Age of Onset","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830030065010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126359496","display_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","issn_l":"0003-990X","issn":["0003-990X","1538-3636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8611061","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8611061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of general psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G755203461","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH 42248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8407577483","display_name":"LONGITUDINAL STUDIES OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY","funder_award_id":"K05MH000364","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W642096293","https://openalex.org/W1968549628","https://openalex.org/W1975308148","https://openalex.org/W2013387039","https://openalex.org/W2026469041","https://openalex.org/W2030839374","https://openalex.org/W2033228928","https://openalex.org/W2039021796","https://openalex.org/W2046382661","https://openalex.org/W2051253358","https://openalex.org/W2054897163","https://openalex.org/W2056257543","https://openalex.org/W2061986770","https://openalex.org/W2076808074","https://openalex.org/W2077530703","https://openalex.org/W2098667370","https://openalex.org/W2109159740","https://openalex.org/W2317154020","https://openalex.org/W2319465398","https://openalex.org/W2404662466","https://openalex.org/W3120234008","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156658989","https://openalex.org/W2027311476","https://openalex.org/W4243650025","https://openalex.org/W4302417400","https://openalex.org/W1977310713","https://openalex.org/W1998572122","https://openalex.org/W2044564051","https://openalex.org/W2036739487","https://openalex.org/W2065671571","https://openalex.org/W2146359809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2,35],"attempted":[3],"to":[4,18,23,34,180,211,242,272,287,299],"determine":[5],"the":[6,13,25,36,107,113,130,135,163,192,220,267,284,291],"course":[7],"of":[8,15,27,38,40,80,106,112,132,159,162,188,191,260],"male":[9],"alcohol":[10,44,121,149,165,195,274,289],"abuse":[11,150,251,273],"from":[12],"age":[14,131,140],"40":[16],"years":[17,79,94,158,187],"60":[19,141,157,186],"or":[20,258],"70":[21,133],"years,":[22,134,235],"estimate":[24],"duration":[26],"abstinence":[28,229],"required":[29],"for":[30,120,233,254],"stable":[31,301],"remission":[32,257],"and":[33,59,91,109,148,176,206],"hypothesis":[37],"progression":[39,259],"symptoms":[41],"in":[42,72,265],"chronic":[43],"abuse.":[45,122],"METHODS:":[46],"The":[47,123,143,262],"subjects":[48],"were":[49,146,170,173,178,200,203,209,280,295],"268":[50],"former":[51],"Harvard":[52],"University":[53],"(Cambridge,":[54],"Mass)":[55],"undergraduates":[56],"(college":[57],"sample)":[58,66],"456":[60],"nondelinquent":[61],"inner-city":[62],"adolescents":[63],"(core":[64],"city":[65,115,137,194,269,293],"who":[67],"had":[68,167,197,230],"been":[69,85,127,231],"repeatedly":[70],"studied":[71],"multidisciplinary":[73],"fashion":[74],"since":[75],"1940.":[76],"Since":[77],"47":[78],"age,":[81,160,189],"these":[82],"men":[83,116,270,286,294],"have":[84],"followed":[86,128],"up":[87],"biennially":[88],"by":[89,95],"questionnaire":[90],"every":[92,152],"5":[93,153,234],"physical":[96],"examination.":[97],"At":[98],"some":[99],"point":[100],"during":[101],"their":[102],"lives,":[103],"55":[104],"(21%)":[105],"college":[108,124,164,285],"150":[110],"(33%)":[111],"core":[114,136,193,268,292],"met":[117],"DSM-III":[118],"criteria":[119],"cohort":[125,138],"has":[126],"until":[129,139],"years.":[142,154],"dependent":[144],"variables":[145],"mortality":[147],"status":[151],"RESULTS:":[155],"By":[156,185],"18%":[161],"abusers":[166,196],"died,":[168,198],"11%":[169,172,202],"abstinent,":[171,201],"controlled":[174,204,243],"drinkers,":[175,205],"59%":[177],"known":[179,210],"be":[181,212],"still":[182,213],"abusing":[183,214],"alcohol.":[184,215],"28%":[190,208],"30%":[199],"only":[207],"CONCLUSIONS:":[216],"In":[217,239],"three":[218],"respects":[219],"two":[221],"socially":[222],"divergent":[223],"samples":[224,263],"resembled":[225],"each":[226],"other.":[227],"After":[228],"maintained":[232],"relapse":[236,247],"was":[237,248],"rare.":[238],"contrast,":[240],"return":[241],"drinking":[244],"without":[245,256],"eventual":[246],"unlikely.":[249],"Alcohol":[250],"could":[252],"continue":[253],"decades":[255],"symptoms.":[261],"differed":[264],"that":[266],"began":[271],"when":[275],"younger":[276],"and,":[277],"although":[278],"they":[279],"more":[281],"likely":[282,298],"than":[283],"become":[288],"dependent,":[290],"twice":[296],"as":[297],"achieve":[300],"abstinence.":[302]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
