{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997783575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","title":"Inpatient Hospital Charge Variability of U.S. Hospitals","display_name":"Inpatient Hospital Charge Variability of U.S. Hospitals","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997783575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","mag":"1997783575","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25931006","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4617932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116608325","display_name":"Journal of General Internal Medicine","issn_l":"0884-8734","issn":["0884-8734","1525-1497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of General Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002766576","display_name":"James D. Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0443-1250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0443-1250"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James D. Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. james.d.park@rutgers.edu","Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. james.d.park@rutgers.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100728167","display_name":"Edward Jae-Hoon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8660-7465","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8660-7465"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64281891","display_name":"The College of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/02nx5r318","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64281891"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7863295","display_name":"Villanova University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g7kd627","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7863295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, USA","Department of Computing Sciences, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, USA","Department of Computing Sciences, Villanova University, Villanova, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64281891"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7863295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64281891"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Sciences, Villanova University, Villanova, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7863295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083766816","display_name":"Rachel M. Werner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-4221","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-4221"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271814","display_name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/033gy9j95","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271814"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel M. Werner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA","Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA","Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405271814","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405271814","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002766576"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"],"apc_list":{"value":5290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5290},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4251,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96111677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"11","first_page":"1627","last_page":"1632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13555","display_name":"Healthcare cost, quality, practices","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare","display_name":"Medicare","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uninsured-status","display_name":"uninsured status","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-discrimination","display_name":"price discrimination","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-shifting","display_name":"cost shifting","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis-related-groups","display_name":"diagnosis-related groups","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-pricing","display_name":"hospital pricing","score":0.44999998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8409273028373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776534028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141363","display_name":"Medicaid","level":3,"score":0.5833799839019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.5460850596427917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.49835753440856934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779195980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5691206","display_name":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project","level":3,"score":0.48297181725502014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.47465378046035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4410785734653473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017624810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259564","display_name":"Hospital discharge","level":2,"score":0.4354279041290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.36479127407073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.33233898878097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.33016276359558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3283567428588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.08170813322067261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000553","descriptor_name":"Ambulatory Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004777","descriptor_name":"Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006304","descriptor_name":"Health Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007297","descriptor_name":"Inpatients","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011787","descriptor_name":"Quality of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015438","descriptor_name":"Health Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017722","descriptor_name":"Hospital Charges","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116608325","display_name":"Journal of General Internal Medicine","issn_l":"0884-8734","issn":["0884-8734","1525-1497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of General Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4033297","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4617932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4617932","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4617932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Gen Intern Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:25931006","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25931006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of general internal medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11606-015-3352-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116608325","display_name":"Journal of General Internal Medicine","issn_l":"0884-8734","issn":["0884-8734","1525-1497"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of General Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306139","display_name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymmdj85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1997783575.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1997783575.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1897121462","https://openalex.org/W2000490501","https://openalex.org/W2015075272","https://openalex.org/W2026891215","https://openalex.org/W2034440069","https://openalex.org/W2048656417","https://openalex.org/W2051027023","https://openalex.org/W2060565181","https://openalex.org/W2067302710","https://openalex.org/W2071479546","https://openalex.org/W2073174643","https://openalex.org/W2073435295","https://openalex.org/W2092955075","https://openalex.org/W2099808334","https://openalex.org/W2104899426","https://openalex.org/W2124515839","https://openalex.org/W2125226651","https://openalex.org/W2127430770","https://openalex.org/W2138696311","https://openalex.org/W2140626190","https://openalex.org/W2146488570","https://openalex.org/W2146741062","https://openalex.org/W2164184454"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2583729385","https://openalex.org/W3193794681","https://openalex.org/W2411279663","https://openalex.org/W2115535272","https://openalex.org/W2079084879","https://openalex.org/W2087441426","https://openalex.org/W2074201242","https://openalex.org/W2428670266","https://openalex.org/W2125226651","https://openalex.org/W2052883276"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}