{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997702788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2648006","title":"Rousseau's Socratism","display_name":"Rousseau's Socratism","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997702788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2648006","mag":"1997702788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2648006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2648006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2648006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95650557","display_name":"The Journal of Politics","issn_l":"0022-3816","issn":["0022-3816","1468-2508"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042716176","display_name":"Clifford Orwin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Clifford Orwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["","University of Toronto"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042716176"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29518524,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"1","first_page":"174","last_page":"187"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13153","display_name":"Rousseau and Enlightenment Thought","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13153","display_name":"Rousseau and Enlightenment Thought","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11463","display_name":"Classical Philosophy and Thought","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13351","display_name":"Critical Theory and Political Philosophy","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jean-jacques-rousseau","display_name":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socratism","display_name":"Socratism","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socrates","display_name":"Socrates","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plato","display_name":"Plato","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apology","display_name":"apology","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discourse-on-the-sciences-and-arts","display_name":"Discourse on the Sciences and Arts","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtue","display_name":"virtue","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ignorance","display_name":"ignorance","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enlightenment","display_name":"Enlightenment","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/role-of-the-philosopher","display_name":"role of the philosopher","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/populism","display_name":"populism","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elitism","display_name":"elitism","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-philosophy","display_name":"political philosophy","score":0.6579999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779259174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7553104","display_name":"SOCRATES","level":2,"score":0.8982362747192383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2801541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839475","display_name":"Socratic method","level":2,"score":0.7669345140457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777239683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157811","display_name":"Virtue","level":2,"score":0.7480858564376831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.7280426621437073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778732403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815577","display_name":"Ignorance","level":2,"score":0.6300427317619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780326160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592592","display_name":"Enlightenment","level":2,"score":0.5437543988227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776717531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999803","display_name":"Sublime","level":2,"score":0.5206484198570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4952353537082672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.49507394433021545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19334161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759670","display_name":"General will","level":3,"score":0.48175787925720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.4785526394844055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.2650776505470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.260125994682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15213555097579956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2648006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2648006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2648006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95650557","display_name":"The Journal of Politics","issn_l":"0022-3816","issn":["0022-3816","1468-2508"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W392700623","https://openalex.org/W574871796","https://openalex.org/W626533681","https://openalex.org/W1512975228","https://openalex.org/W1517998233","https://openalex.org/W1558275943","https://openalex.org/W1590173021","https://openalex.org/W1993631243","https://openalex.org/W2057877569","https://openalex.org/W2165258407","https://openalex.org/W2168882060","https://openalex.org/W2231329890","https://openalex.org/W2326321772","https://openalex.org/W2501392227","https://openalex.org/W2527117389","https://openalex.org/W2595085788","https://openalex.org/W2890113514","https://openalex.org/W2920441582","https://openalex.org/W2970200565","https://openalex.org/W3139441775","https://openalex.org/W4246961337","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4297967787"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2738248884","https://openalex.org/W4213063753","https://openalex.org/W3114720874","https://openalex.org/W2491446640","https://openalex.org/W2914529364","https://openalex.org/W4244887955","https://openalex.org/W7071077021","https://openalex.org/W2125021947","https://openalex.org/W1972364793","https://openalex.org/W3139882623"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rousseau":[0,44],"is":[1,97,112],"one":[2,86],"of":[3,6,24,27,53,57,62,69,79,89,92,109,118,123,135,142],"the":[4,25,31,34,38,60,77,80,90,93,99,121,133],"greatest":[5],"modern":[7],"writers":[8],"to":[9,46,75],"strike":[10],"a":[11,16,84],"\"Socratic\"":[12],"stance,":[13],"thus":[14],"forging":[15],"link":[17],"between":[18],"his":[19,42],"own":[20],"project":[21],"and":[22,36,49,104,125],"that":[23,40,108,131],"founder":[26],"political":[28],"philosophy.":[29],"In":[30],"Discourse":[32],"on":[33],"Sciences":[35],"Arts,":[37],"work":[39],"established":[41],"reputation,":[43],"appeals":[45],"Plato's":[47],"Apology":[48],"Socrates'":[50],"alleged":[51],"defense":[52,134],"virtue-\"the":[54],"sublime":[55],"science":[56],"simple":[58],"souls\"-against":[59],"pretensions":[61],"\"Enlightenment\"":[63],"Upon":[64],"examination,":[65],"however,":[66],"Rousseau's":[67,87],"endorsement":[68],"Socrates":[70],"proves":[71],"so":[72],"ambiguous":[73],"as":[74,120],"imply":[76],"replacement":[78],"Platonic":[81],"version":[82],"by":[83],"Rousseauan":[85],"presentation":[88],"role":[91],"philosopher":[94],"in":[95,115,128],"society":[96],"at":[98],"same":[100],"time":[101],"more":[102,105,113,126],"\"populist\"":[103],"\"elitist\"":[106],"than":[107],"Plato":[110],"It":[111],"populist":[114],"its":[116,129],"vindication":[117],"\"ignorance\"":[119],"basis":[122],"virtue":[124],"elitist":[127],"suggestion":[130],"even":[132],"ignorance":[136],"must":[137],"rest":[138],"with":[139],"an":[140],"avant-garde":[141],"philosophers.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
