{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997671413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","title":"Class size and language learning in Hong Kong: the students\u2019 perspective","display_name":"Class size and language learning in Hong Kong: the students\u2019 perspective","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997671413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","mag":"1997671413"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147352759","display_name":"Educational Research","issn_l":"0013-1881","issn":["0013-1881","1469-5847"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035433408","display_name":"Gary James Harfitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3186-2370","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3186-2370"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gary James Harfitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["a  Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong ,  Hong Kong","Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a  Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong ,  Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035433408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.3085,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98335429,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"3","first_page":"331","last_page":"342"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12950","display_name":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-size-reduction","display_name":"class size reduction","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-anxiety","display_name":"language anxiety","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-acquisition","display_name":"second language acquisition","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-as-a-second-language","display_name":"English as a second language","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-perceptions","display_name":"student perceptions","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classroom-community","display_name":"classroom community","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-self-confidence","display_name":"student self-confidence","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hong-kong-secondary-schools","display_name":"Hong Kong secondary schools","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-voice","display_name":"student voice","score":0.38199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776824051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907283","display_name":"Class size","level":2,"score":0.7697925567626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6314740180969238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5787413716316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5769505500793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43054667115211487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.4217664897441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3799179196357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10738343000411987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10456022620201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2012.710091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147352759","display_name":"Educational Research","issn_l":"0013-1881","issn":["0013-1881","1469-5847"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bibliography.ied.edu.hk:201381916ek","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://bibliography.ied.edu.hk:8080/washk/detail?channelid=128933&amp;searchword=id=201381916ek","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064274","display_name":"Hong Kong Education Bibliographic Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/152922","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10722/152922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25919364","https://openalex.org/W79229537","https://openalex.org/W189901511","https://openalex.org/W191572159","https://openalex.org/W655857741","https://openalex.org/W656122487","https://openalex.org/W1496698723","https://openalex.org/W1501666261","https://openalex.org/W1572928198","https://openalex.org/W1754306792","https://openalex.org/W1981045396","https://openalex.org/W1994409166","https://openalex.org/W2000117884","https://openalex.org/W2004013135","https://openalex.org/W2008486007","https://openalex.org/W2018075245","https://openalex.org/W2019630792","https://openalex.org/W2041994739","https://openalex.org/W2043125183","https://openalex.org/W2051843211","https://openalex.org/W2053039686","https://openalex.org/W2056330418","https://openalex.org/W2058352751","https://openalex.org/W2059608334","https://openalex.org/W2072052823","https://openalex.org/W2077678710","https://openalex.org/W2100385892","https://openalex.org/W2118562384","https://openalex.org/W2150945873","https://openalex.org/W2156396199","https://openalex.org/W2171295931","https://openalex.org/W2329223578","https://openalex.org/W2798574762","https://openalex.org/W2889886078","https://openalex.org/W2924286891","https://openalex.org/W3144127399","https://openalex.org/W3151380087","https://openalex.org/W3196510789","https://openalex.org/W3216247786"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100425404","https://openalex.org/W2068423205","https://openalex.org/W2337644453","https://openalex.org/W2391008249","https://openalex.org/W2764021287","https://openalex.org/W7009818118","https://openalex.org/W2280512285","https://openalex.org/W178922144","https://openalex.org/W2292116393","https://openalex.org/W2021234390"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"There":[1],"is":[2],"currently":[3],"ongoing":[4],"debate":[5],"in":[6,28,39,80,115,162,181,247,289,292,337,382,392],"Hong":[7,46,81,164],"Kong":[8,47,82,165],"between":[9,189,202],"the":[10,14,17,65,208,222,261,358,370],"teachers\u2019":[11],"union":[12],"and":[13,31,41,83,105,131,191,194,204,212,225,230,243,249,274,295,313,325,340,385],"Government":[15],"on":[16,101,240,284],"reduction":[18,71,135,389],"of":[19,78,207,213,245,254,287,307,319,377],"large":[20,196,248],"class":[21,34,56,69,118,133,184,186,197,199,387],"size":[22,57,70,134,187,200,388],"(typically":[23],"more":[24,333],"than":[25],"40":[26],"students)":[27,193,206],"secondary":[29,48,166],"schools":[30,49],"whether":[32,111],"smaller":[33,117,301,383],"sizes":[35],"might":[36,72,136],"facilitate":[37],"improvements":[38],"teaching":[40,173],"learning.":[42],"In":[43],"fact,":[44],"many":[45],"have":[50,97],"already":[51],"started":[52],"to":[53,62,109,113,128,138,151,176,269,315],"experiment":[54],"with":[55,221,233],"reduction.":[58],"This":[59,123,156,351],"study":[60,107,126,157,355],"seeks":[61,108],"investigate":[63],"from":[64,228,322,347,369],"students\u2019":[66,102,317,375],"perspective":[67],"how":[68],"alleviate":[73,139],"one":[74,171],"key":[75],"psychological":[76],"aspect":[77],"learning":[79,87,94,114,141,366],"Asia,":[84],"namely":[85],"language":[86,93,140,153,175,178,365],"anxiety.":[88],"Research":[89],"has":[90,144],"shown":[91],"that":[92,281,300,330,357,374,386],"anxiety":[95,378],"can":[96,361,379],"a":[98,116,182,195,293,304],"debilitating":[99],"effect":[100],"classroom":[103,311,348],"behaviour,":[104],"this":[106],"examine":[110,129],"exposure":[112],"informs":[119],"such":[120],"findings.":[121],"Purpose:":[122],"small-scale":[124,352],"exploratory":[125,353],"aims":[127],"whether,":[130],"how,":[132],"help":[137],"anxiety,":[142],"which":[143],"long":[145],"been":[146],"seen":[147],"as":[148],"an":[149],"obstacle":[150],"second":[152],"acquisition.":[154],"Method:":[155],"employed":[158],"multiple":[159],"case":[160,169,263,371],"studies":[161,372],"four":[163,223,262],"schools.":[167],"Each":[168],"constituted":[170],"teacher":[172],"English":[174,338],"first":[177],"Chinese":[179],"students":[180,282],"reduced-size":[183,250,290],"(where":[185,198],"was":[188,201],"21":[190],"25":[192],"38":[203],"41":[205],"same":[209],"year":[210],"grade,":[211],"similar":[214],"academic":[215],"ability.":[216],"Multiple":[217],"interviews":[218,232],"were":[219,257,267,343],"conducted":[220],"teachers,":[224],"data":[226,266],"stemmed":[227],"group":[229],"individual":[231],"231":[234],"students.":[235],"Student":[236],"interview":[237],"questions":[238],"focused":[239],"their":[241,285,310,323],"perspectives":[242,342],"experiences":[244,286],"studying":[246,288],"classes.":[251],"A":[252],"total":[253],"78":[255],"lessons":[256,339],"also":[258,328],"observed":[259],"across":[260],"studies.":[264],"The":[265,277],"analysed":[268],"identify":[270],"any":[271],"emergent":[272],"patterns":[273],"themes.":[275],"Findings:":[276],"research":[278,354],"findings":[279],"indicate":[280],"reflect":[283],"classes":[291,302,384],"mature":[294],"confident":[296,334],"way.":[297],"Students":[298,327],"reported":[299,329],"promoted":[303],"strong":[305],"sense":[306,376],"security":[308],"within":[309],"community":[312],"seemed":[314],"weaken":[316],"fears":[318],"negative":[320],"evaluation":[321],"peers":[324],"teachers.":[326],"they":[331],"felt":[332],"about":[335],"participating":[336],"these":[341],"supported":[344],"by":[345],"evidence":[346],"observations.":[349],"Conclusions:":[350],"suggests":[356],"student":[359],"voice":[360],"provide":[362],"insights":[363],"into":[364],"classrooms.":[367],"Data":[368],"reveal":[373],"be":[380],"reduced":[381],"may":[390],"assist":[391],"breaking":[393],"down":[394],"cultural":[395],"barriers.":[396]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
