{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997589969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4072.501","title":"Motor Cortex Reflexes Associated with Learned Movement","display_name":"Motor Cortex Reflexes Associated with Learned Movement","publication_year":1973,"publication_date":"1973-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997589969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4072.501","mag":"1997589969","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4196171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.179.4072.501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4072.501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4072.501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W1997589969"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024243687","display_name":"Edward V. Evarts","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158500","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edward V. Evarts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024243687"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210158500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":406,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99716513,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"179","issue":"4072","first_page":"501","last_page":"503"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10448","display_name":"Memory and Neural Mechanisms","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-cortex","display_name":"motor cortex","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflexes","display_name":"reflexes","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensory-information","display_name":"sensory input","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primate-motor-control","display_name":"primate motor control","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778373776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18696","display_name":"Motor cortex","level":3,"score":0.723281979560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7217003107070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94487597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11101","display_name":"Sensory system","level":2,"score":0.6193757057189941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83974742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179405","display_name":"Reflex","level":2,"score":0.6058502793312073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5255911350250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779508121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451122","display_name":"Sensory cortex","level":3,"score":0.4607694149017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4161437749862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.11718276143074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.0714668333530426}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000882","descriptor_name":"Haplorhini","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003216","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Operant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000294","qualifier_name":"innervation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008251","descriptor_name":"Macaca","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009044","descriptor_name":"Motor Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009475","descriptor_name":"Neurons, Afferent","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012018","descriptor_name":"Reflex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012201","descriptor_name":"Reward","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013003","descriptor_name":"Somatosensory Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.179.4072.501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4072.501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4072.501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:4196171","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4196171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1945850787","https://openalex.org/W1983763504","https://openalex.org/W1989117227","https://openalex.org/W2008312087","https://openalex.org/W2081468651","https://openalex.org/W2085313232","https://openalex.org/W2108514339","https://openalex.org/W2117828808","https://openalex.org/W2258378026","https://openalex.org/W2405595019","https://openalex.org/W2419495128","https://openalex.org/W2429843080","https://openalex.org/W2436504645"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047341708","https://openalex.org/W1496870175","https://openalex.org/W1992934258","https://openalex.org/W1541440092","https://openalex.org/W2124132825","https://openalex.org/W2074896164","https://openalex.org/W2409279836","https://openalex.org/W2166684292","https://openalex.org/W2275226829","https://openalex.org/W2207462230"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"primates,":[1],"sensory":[2,17],"input":[3,18],"can":[4],"generate":[5],"reflex":[6],"motor":[7,27,55],"cortex":[8,56],"output":[9],"in":[10,59],"association":[11],"with":[12],"learned":[13],"movement":[14],"when":[15,30],"the":[16,26,37,49],"has":[19],"a":[20,31,41,60],"strong":[21],"and":[22],"direct":[23],"connection":[24],"to":[25],"cortex-for":[28],"example,":[29],"stimulus":[32],"calling":[33],"for":[34],"repositioning":[35],"of":[36,40,43,53],"hand":[38,44],"consists":[39],"perturbation":[42],"position.":[45],"This":[46],"finding":[47],"supports":[48],"proposal":[50],"that":[51],"neurons":[52],"primate":[54],"may":[57],"function":[58],"transcortical":[61],"servo-loop.":[62]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}