{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997489390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","title":"Effects of GABA receptor antagonists on thresholds of P23H rat retinal ganglion cells to electrical stimulation of the retina","display_name":"Effects of GABA receptor antagonists on thresholds of P23H rat retinal ganglion cells to electrical stimulation of the retina","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997489390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","mag":"1997489390","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21593547"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32898093","display_name":"Journal of Neural Engineering","issn_l":"1741-2552","issn":["1741-2552","1741-2560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neural Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047004560","display_name":"Ralph J. Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6696-2382","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6696-2382"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801671727","display_name":"VA Boston Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/04v00sg98","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I2801671727","https://openalex.org/I4210095851"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph J Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Center for Innovative Visual Rehabilitation, VA Boston Healthcare System, Mail Stop 151E, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA. Ralph.jensen@va.gov","The Center for Innovative Visual Rehabilitation, VA Boston Healthcare System, Mail Stop 151E, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Center for Innovative Visual Rehabilitation, VA Boston Healthcare System, Mail Stop 151E, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA. Ralph.jensen@va.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801671727"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Center for Innovative Visual Rehabilitation, VA Boston Healthcare System, Mail Stop 151E, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801671727"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108444862","display_name":"Joseph F. Rizzo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287163989","display_name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/04g3dn724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801671727","display_name":"VA Boston Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/04v00sg98","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I2801671727","https://openalex.org/I4210095851"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph F Rizzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA","The Center for Innovative Visual Rehabilitation, VA Boston Healthcare System, Mail Stop 151E, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Center for Innovative Visual Rehabilitation, VA Boston Healthcare System, Mail Stop 151E, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801671727"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3325,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3325},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5296,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58190451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"035002","last_page":"035002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10691","display_name":"Retinal Development and Disorders","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11480","display_name":"Connexins and lens biology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaba-receptor-antagonists","display_name":"GABA receptor antagonists","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-prostheses","display_name":"retinal prosthesis","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinitis-pigmentosa","display_name":"retinitis pigmentosa","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-ganglion-cells","display_name":"retinal ganglion cells","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation-threshold","display_name":"stimulation threshold","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tpmpa","display_name":"TPMPA","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sr-95531","display_name":"SR95531","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaba-a-receptor","display_name":"GABAA receptor","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gabac-receptors","display_name":"GABAC receptors","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-bipolar-cells","display_name":"ON bipolar cells","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-stimulation","display_name":"electrical stimulation","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-degeneration","display_name":"retinal degeneration","score":0.6690000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.7039482593536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.6612284779548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5662635564804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.48066627979278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.46299323439598083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778122271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410943","display_name":"Receptor antagonist","level":4,"score":0.45783260464668274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781114197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847057","display_name":"Retinitis pigmentosa","level":3,"score":0.44366729259490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777624874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927337","display_name":"Retinal ganglion cell","level":3,"score":0.41399693489074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776885963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245204","display_name":"Antagonist","level":3,"score":0.38155776262283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3767368793487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.361630916595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23609957098960876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.21352800726890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0487481951713562}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004056","descriptor_name":"Differential Threshold","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012165","descriptor_name":"Retinal Ganglion Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012174","descriptor_name":"Retinitis Pigmentosa","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012174","descriptor_name":"Retinitis Pigmentosa","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018756","descriptor_name":"GABA Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32898093","display_name":"Journal of Neural Engineering","issn_l":"1741-2552","issn":["1741-2552","1741-2560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neural Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21593547","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21593547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of neural engineering","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/035002/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32898093","display_name":"Journal of Neural Engineering","issn_l":"1741-2552","issn":["1741-2552","1741-2560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neural Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9074000120162964}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7099999785423279}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332403","display_name":"Rehabilitation Research and Development Service","ror":"https://ror.org/008qp6e21"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1997489390.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1997489390.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24300793","https://openalex.org/W1494776563","https://openalex.org/W1507855610","https://openalex.org/W1560301419","https://openalex.org/W1585415456","https://openalex.org/W1801516349","https://openalex.org/W1860608840","https://openalex.org/W1872667629","https://openalex.org/W1893444436","https://openalex.org/W1964434209","https://openalex.org/W1968369052","https://openalex.org/W1968523182","https://openalex.org/W1984011296","https://openalex.org/W1984537495","https://openalex.org/W1990015532","https://openalex.org/W1990976830","https://openalex.org/W1991183604","https://openalex.org/W1992021083","https://openalex.org/W1994174270","https://openalex.org/W1995976753","https://openalex.org/W2003147432","https://openalex.org/W2009165363","https://openalex.org/W2013253007","https://openalex.org/W2021146031","https://openalex.org/W2022028872","https://openalex.org/W2025988461","https://openalex.org/W2029912485","https://openalex.org/W2030682310","https://openalex.org/W2040269004","https://openalex.org/W2043672825","https://openalex.org/W2051923857","https://openalex.org/W2071335850","https://openalex.org/W2075390546","https://openalex.org/W2085353139","https://openalex.org/W2089536400","https://openalex.org/W2094975664","https://openalex.org/W2106000608","https://openalex.org/W2108545229","https://openalex.org/W2119527481","https://openalex.org/W2127759683","https://openalex.org/W2130877869","https://openalex.org/W2155902090","https://openalex.org/W2159050782","https://openalex.org/W2160259707","https://openalex.org/W2169617962","https://openalex.org/W4234741933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038568334","https://openalex.org/W2076424803","https://openalex.org/W1984710037","https://openalex.org/W2777908333","https://openalex.org/W2015423399","https://openalex.org/W1088946249","https://openalex.org/W2015181977","https://openalex.org/W2048253188","https://openalex.org/W2051324787","https://openalex.org/W2404125743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"electronic":[1],"retinal":[2,27],"prosthesis":[3],"may":[4,192],"provide":[5],"useful":[6],"vision":[7],"for":[8],"patients":[9],"suffering":[10],"from":[11],"retinitis":[12],"pigmentosa":[13],"(RP).":[14],"In":[15,38,140],"animal":[16],"models":[17],"of":[18,22,48,70,87,112,123,143,152,176,184,197,204],"RP,":[19],"the":[20,45,64,68,83,95,109,124,130,144,150,153,173,182,185,201],"amount":[21],"current":[23,91],"needed":[24],"to":[25,43,89,94,195],"activate":[26],"ganglion":[28],"cells":[29],"(RGCs)":[30],"is":[31],"higher":[32],"than":[33],"in":[34,50,63,167],"normal,":[35],"healthy":[36],"retinas.":[37],"this":[39],"study,":[40],"we":[41],"sought":[42],"reduce":[44],"stimulation":[46,110,136,174],"thresholds":[47,111,137,175],"RGCs":[49,88,114,191],"a":[51,72,78,99],"degenerate":[52],"rat":[53],"model":[54],"(P23H-line":[55],"1)":[56],"by":[57,117,138],"blocking":[58],"GABA":[59,126,146,186,198],"receptor":[60,74,80,127,147,187],"mediated":[61],"inhibition":[62],"retina.":[65],"We":[66,179],"examined":[67],"effects":[69,171,183],"TPMPA,":[71],"GABA(C)":[73],"antagonist,":[75,81],"and":[76,106,119],"SR95531,":[77,163],"GABA(A)":[79],"on":[82,115,133,157,172,189,200],"electrically":[84,154],"evoked":[85,155],"responses":[86,156],"biphasic":[90],"pulses":[92],"delivered":[93],"subretinal":[96],"surface":[97],"through":[98],"400":[100],"\u00b5m":[101],"diameter":[102],"electrode.":[103],"Both":[104],"TPMPA":[105,161],"SR95531":[107],"reduced":[108],"ON-center":[113,190],"average":[116,134,158],"15%":[118],"20%":[120],"respectively.":[121],"Co-application":[122],"two":[125,145],"antagonists":[128,148,188],"had":[129,169],"greatest":[131],"effect,":[132],"reducing":[135],"32%.":[139],"addition,":[141],"co-application":[142],"increased":[149],"magnitude":[151],"three-fold.":[159],"Neither":[160],"nor":[162],"applied":[164],"alone":[165],"or":[166],"combination,":[168],"consistent":[170],"OFF-center":[177],"RGCs.":[178],"suggest":[180],"that":[181],"be":[193],"attributable":[194],"blockage":[196],"receptors":[199],"axon":[202],"terminals":[203],"ON":[205],"bipolar":[206],"cells.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}