{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997420299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","title":"Safety evaluation of phytosterol esters. Part 1. Assessment of oestrogenicity using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays","display_name":"Safety evaluation of phytosterol esters. Part 1. Assessment of oestrogenicity using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997420299","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","mag":"1997420299","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10069478"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84231135","display_name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","issn_l":"0278-6915","issn":["0278-6915","1873-6351"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062051266","display_name":"V.A Baker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342131907","display_name":"Unilever (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8ah907","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V.A Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046937075","display_name":"Paul Hepburn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4986-5075","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4986-5075"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342131907","display_name":"Unilever (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8ah907","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.A Hepburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108536809","display_name":"Sandy Kennedy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342131907","display_name":"Unilever (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8ah907","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.J Kennedy","raw_affiliation_strings":["EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P.A Jones","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342131907","display_name":"Unilever (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8ah907","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.A Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103385602","display_name":"Linda J. Lea","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1342131907","display_name":"Unilever (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8ah907","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L.J Lea","raw_affiliation_strings":["EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire MK44 1LQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015001678","display_name":"John P. Sumpter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5778-0365","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5778-0365"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.P Sumpter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113714844","display_name":"John Ashby","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405286664","display_name":"Zeneca Central Toxicology Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02re3mk08","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105036370","https://openalex.org/I4405286664"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Ashby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zeneca Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zeneca Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405286664"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062051266"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1342131907"],"apc_list":{"value":4670,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4670},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.839,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97607935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"1","first_page":"13","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11318","display_name":"Phytoestrogen effects and research","score":0.35350000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11318","display_name":"Phytoestrogen effects and research","score":0.35350000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10686","display_name":"Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals","score":0.23360000550746918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10756","display_name":"Estrogen and related hormone effects","score":0.22609999775886536,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1310","display_name":"Endocrinology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytosterol-esters","display_name":"phytosterol esters","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytosterols","display_name":"phytosterols","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estrogenic-activity","display_name":"estrogenic activity","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uterotrophic-assay","display_name":"uterotrophic assay","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-sitosterol","display_name":"\u03b2-sitosterol","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/campesterol","display_name":"campesterol","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stigmasterol","display_name":"stigmasterol","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coumestrol","display_name":"coumestrol","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immature-female-rats","display_name":"immature female rats","score":0.5920000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779718769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412457","display_name":"Phytosterol","level":2,"score":0.8636056184768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.7739730477333069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.7275888919830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5122572779655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33618052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6013136","display_name":"In vitro toxicology","level":3,"score":0.4478609263896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.43405643105506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.31833428144454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.22711676359176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.17152836918830872}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000284","descriptor_name":"Administration, Oral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001667","descriptor_name":"Binding, Competitive","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002784","descriptor_name":"Cholesterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002784","descriptor_name":"Cholesterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002784","descriptor_name":"Cholesterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003375","descriptor_name":"Coumestrol","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004952","descriptor_name":"Esters","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004958","descriptor_name":"Estradiol","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004968","descriptor_name":"Estrogens, Non-Steroidal","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004968","descriptor_name":"Estrogens, Non-Steroidal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004968","descriptor_name":"Estrogens, Non-Steroidal","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009929","descriptor_name":"Organ Size","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010840","descriptor_name":"Phytosterols","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010840","descriptor_name":"Phytosterols","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010840","descriptor_name":"Phytosterols","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011960","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Estrogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011960","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Estrogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012855","descriptor_name":"Sitosterols","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012855","descriptor_name":"Sitosterols","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013265","descriptor_name":"Stigmasterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013265","descriptor_name":"Stigmasterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014599","descriptor_name":"Uterus","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014599","descriptor_name":"Uterus","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017208","descriptor_name":"Rats, Wistar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00101-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84231135","display_name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","issn_l":"0278-6915","issn":["0278-6915","1873-6351"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10069478","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10069478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1627893","https://openalex.org/W1565310327","https://openalex.org/W1969004446","https://openalex.org/W1977793017","https://openalex.org/W1978640312","https://openalex.org/W1983575104","https://openalex.org/W1983649348","https://openalex.org/W1986310133","https://openalex.org/W1990491508","https://openalex.org/W2022736585","https://openalex.org/W2034706088","https://openalex.org/W2050728687","https://openalex.org/W2063968553","https://openalex.org/W2072533437","https://openalex.org/W2078536131","https://openalex.org/W2085261794","https://openalex.org/W2087836560","https://openalex.org/W2095718513","https://openalex.org/W2118057169","https://openalex.org/W2120287747","https://openalex.org/W2130404690","https://openalex.org/W2135739474","https://openalex.org/W2142161967","https://openalex.org/W2160143312","https://openalex.org/W2163396326","https://openalex.org/W4232534952","https://openalex.org/W4253072155","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6727712728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060718479","https://openalex.org/W2469060444","https://openalex.org/W2100373578","https://openalex.org/W3216092785","https://openalex.org/W2075218568","https://openalex.org/W1949696217","https://openalex.org/W1981215026","https://openalex.org/W2069151263","https://openalex.org/W2063772218","https://openalex.org/W2034384278"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}