{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997258501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1986969","title":"Calibration of second-order correlation functions for nonstationary sources with a multistart, multistop time-to-digital converter","display_name":"Calibration of second-order correlation functions for nonstationary sources with a multistart, multistop time-to-digital converter","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997258501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1986969","mag":"1997258501"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1986969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1986969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1986969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31010182","display_name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","issn_l":"0034-6748","issn":["0034-6748","1089-7623","1527-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0411212","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016969455","display_name":"Wonshik Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9445-7081","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9445-7081"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wonshik Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059548002","display_name":"Moonjoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4054-0963","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4054-0963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moonjoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053915067","display_name":"Ye-Ryoung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4292-8424","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4292-8424"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye-Ryoung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080351857","display_name":"Changsoon Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-5784","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6639-5784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changsoon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044137517","display_name":"Jai-Hyung Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jai-Hyung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060356848","display_name":"Kyungwon An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4142-6297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4142-6297"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyungwon An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University School of Physics, , Seoul, 151-742, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038508186","display_name":"Christopher M. Fang-Yen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-3218","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-3218"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Fang-Yen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111550689","display_name":"Ramachandra Rao Dasari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. R. Dasari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055754668","display_name":"Michael S. Feld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6755-5287","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6755-5287"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. S. Feld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.367,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53780768,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"8","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.3019999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.3019999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.16529999673366547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13414","display_name":"Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques","score":0.0471000000834465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-order-correlation-function","display_name":"second-order correlation function","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-digital-converter","display_name":"time-to-digital converter","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector-dead-time","display_name":"detector dead time","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-arrival-time","display_name":"photon arrival time","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-flux","display_name":"photon flux","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence-time","display_name":"coherence time","score":0.8159999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.7342235445976257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159484563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628723","display_name":"Dead time","level":2,"score":0.6637736558914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53622274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2496679","display_name":"Correlation function (quantum field theory)","level":3,"score":0.6380293369293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.5912501215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.587237536907196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5698926448822021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.49025991559028625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4474579393863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781402376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172","display_name":"Photon counting","level":3,"score":0.43048331141471863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.42322614789009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23125352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210765","display_name":"Photodetector","level":2,"score":0.42215099930763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25317323207855225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.175814688205719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14761659502983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.12578237056732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1986969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1986969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1986969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31010182","display_name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","issn_l":"0034-6748","issn":["0034-6748","1089-7623","1527-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Scientific Instruments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:physics/0411212","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0411212","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0411212","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.physics/0411212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.physics/0411212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.physics/0411212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:physics/0411212","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0411212","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0411212","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1997258501.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1997258501.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1436322505","https://openalex.org/W1530884541","https://openalex.org/W1985023888","https://openalex.org/W2008465545","https://openalex.org/W2008927192","https://openalex.org/W2009557343","https://openalex.org/W2033948497","https://openalex.org/W2044217294","https://openalex.org/W2062594161","https://openalex.org/W2073004100","https://openalex.org/W2074253836","https://openalex.org/W2078605911","https://openalex.org/W2087949035","https://openalex.org/W2095443936","https://openalex.org/W2167656187","https://openalex.org/W2490128997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7061193016","https://openalex.org/W6910906633","https://openalex.org/W7126070775","https://openalex.org/W2197507111","https://openalex.org/W2077514956","https://openalex.org/W2154080160","https://openalex.org/W4408375340","https://openalex.org/W4321520176","https://openalex.org/W2039697902","https://openalex.org/W4416258980"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,117],"novel":[1],"high-throughput":[2],"second-order":[3,93,123],"correlation":[4,68,94,124],"measurement":[5,141],"system":[6,29,78],"is":[7,30,49],"developed":[8],"that":[9],"records":[10],"and":[11,25,42,66,88],"makes":[12],"use":[13],"of":[14,19,62,70,86,107,120,133,138],"all":[15],"the":[16,60,63,67,71,82,92,97,108,122,131,139],"arrival":[17],"times":[18],"photons":[20],"detected":[21],"at":[22,113],"both":[23],"start":[24],"stop":[26],"detectors.":[27],"This":[28],"suitable,":[31],"particularly":[32],"for":[33],"a":[34,38,43,101,105],"light":[35,72,103],"source":[36],"having":[37],"high":[39,114],"photon":[40,89,115],"flux":[41],"long":[44],"coherence":[45],"time,":[46],"since":[47],"it":[48],"more":[50],"efficient":[51],"than":[52],"conventional":[53],"methods":[54],"by":[55,129],"an":[56,134],"amount":[57],"equal":[58],"to":[59],"product":[61],"count":[64],"rate":[65],"time":[69,84,137],"source.":[73],"We":[74],"have":[75],"used":[76],"this":[77],"in":[79,96],"carefully":[80],"investigating":[81],"dead":[83,136],"effects":[85],"detectors":[87],"counters":[90],"on":[91],"function":[95,125],"two-detector":[98],"configuration.":[99],"For":[100],"nonstationary":[102],"source,":[104],"distortion":[106],"original":[109],"signal":[110],"was":[111],"observed":[112],"flux.":[116],"systematic":[118],"way":[119],"calibrating":[121],"has":[126],"been":[127],"devised":[128],"introducing":[130],"concept":[132],"effective":[135],"entire":[140],"system.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
