{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997208142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","title":"Primary pulmonary hypertension: natural history and the importance of thrombosis.","display_name":"Primary pulmonary hypertension: natural history and the importance of thrombosis.","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997208142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","mag":"1997208142","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6148159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116251202","display_name":"Circulation","issn_l":"0009-7322","issn":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074727212","display_name":"Valent\u0131\u0301n Fuster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-9986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-9986","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7344-8425"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V Fuster","raw_affiliation_strings":["V Fuster"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"V Fuster","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111608328","display_name":"Peter M. Steele","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P M Steele","raw_affiliation_strings":["P M Steele"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P M Steele","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045846939","display_name":"William D. Edwards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2682-9469","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2682-9469"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W D Edwards","raw_affiliation_strings":["W D Edwards"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"W D Edwards","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080234509","display_name":"Bernard John Gersh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5605-900X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5605-900X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B J Gersh","raw_affiliation_strings":["B J Gersh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"B J Gersh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111721656","display_name":"Michael D. McGoon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M D McGoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["M D McGoon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"M D McGoon","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087696457","display_name":"R. L. Frye","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R L Frye","raw_affiliation_strings":["R L Frye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"R L Frye","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.6784,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1063,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99526639,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"4","first_page":"580","last_page":"587"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10728","display_name":"Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10728","display_name":"Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12199","display_name":"Vascular Anomalies and Treatments","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10285","display_name":"Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2724","display_name":"Internal Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idiopathic-pulmonary-arterial-hypertension","display_name":"idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-history-disease","display_name":"natural history (disease)","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombosis","display_name":"thrombosis","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thromboembolic-pulmonary-hypertension","display_name":"thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plexogenic-pulmonary-arteriopathy","display_name":"plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autopsy-findings","display_name":"autopsy findings","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival","display_name":"survival","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticoagulation","display_name":"anticoagulation","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogenesis","display_name":"pathogenesis","score":0.5899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.966781497001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779504383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41482","display_name":"Autopsy","level":2,"score":0.8126670122146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780930700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128595","display_name":"Pulmonary hypertension","level":2,"score":0.7676451206207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163276114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484591","display_name":"Natural history","level":2,"score":0.6408098936080933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178853913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Hemodynamics","level":2,"score":0.574688732624054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261327","display_name":"Thrombosis","level":2,"score":0.5249975919723511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215118","display_name":"Anticoagulant","level":2,"score":0.5001087188720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4916730523109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.47375163435935974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory disease","level":3,"score":0.461650013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.45730191469192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777428986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1958249","display_name":"Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension","level":3,"score":0.45244544744491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776265017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220570","display_name":"Pulmonary embolism","level":2,"score":0.45000720024108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.438793420791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3611924648284912}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005352","descriptor_name":"Fibromuscular Dysplasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006439","descriptor_name":"Hemodynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006976","descriptor_name":"Hypertension, Pulmonary","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009131","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Smooth, Vascular","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010488","descriptor_name":"Polyarteritis Nodosa","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011651","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Artery","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011655","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Embolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011667","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Veins","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.70.4.580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116251202","display_name":"Circulation","issn_l":"0009-7322","issn":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:6148159","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6148159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circulation","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:3144803944","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/circ.70.4.6148159?legid=circulationaha%3B70%2F4%2F580&cited-by=yes","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116251202","display_name":"Circulation","issn_l":"0009-7322","issn":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Circulation","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320442","display_name":"National Heart Foundation of Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/039d9wr27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1787214099","https://openalex.org/W1997267534","https://openalex.org/W2012837247","https://openalex.org/W2021937684","https://openalex.org/W2050545329","https://openalex.org/W2061813216","https://openalex.org/W2095302884","https://openalex.org/W2131034650","https://openalex.org/W2133926184","https://openalex.org/W2140381223","https://openalex.org/W2171852813","https://openalex.org/W2320735881","https://openalex.org/W4230688129","https://openalex.org/W4233993209","https://openalex.org/W4235822502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149133607","https://openalex.org/W2089152536","https://openalex.org/W1997267534","https://openalex.org/W2142707503","https://openalex.org/W2413092767","https://openalex.org/W1992847971","https://openalex.org/W2148979822","https://openalex.org/W7100757325","https://openalex.org/W2157733907","https://openalex.org/W2414992928"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"long-term":[1],"retrospective":[2],"follow-up":[3],"study":[4],"was":[5,45,101],"made":[6],"of":[7,29,37,106],"120":[8],"patients":[9,54,68,79,94,159],"(33":[10],"male,":[11],"87":[12],"female":[13],"patients)":[14],"with":[15,114,160],"primary":[16,161],"pulmonary":[17,75,83,140,162],"hypertension--diagnosed":[18],"by":[19,132],"strict":[20],"clinical":[21,118],"and":[22,33,81,119,122,148],"hemodynamic":[23,120],"criteria--to":[24],"obtain":[25],"a":[26],"better":[27],"understanding":[28],"the":[30,38,93,97,126],"natural":[31],"history":[32],"possible":[34],"pathogenetic":[35],"mechanisms":[36],"disease.":[39],"The":[40,109],"mean":[41],"age":[42],"at":[43,64],"diagnosis":[44],"34":[46],"(3":[47],"to":[48,116],"64)":[49],"years,":[50],"but":[51],"only":[52,136],"24":[53],"(21%)":[55],"remained":[56],"alive":[57],"5":[58],"years":[59],"later.":[60],"Lung":[61],"tissue":[62],"obtained":[63],"autopsy":[65,96],"from":[66],"56":[67],"revealed":[69],"two":[70,110,137],"major":[71,98],"pathologic":[72],"types:":[73],"thromboembolic":[74],"hypertension":[76],"in":[77,85,89],"32":[78],"(57%)":[80],"plexogenic":[82],"arteriopathy":[84],"18":[86],"(32%).":[87],"Thus,":[88],"more":[90],"than":[91,146],"half":[92],"undergoing":[95],"histologic":[99],"feature":[100],"thrombi":[102],"without":[103],"any":[104],"evidence":[105],"plexiform":[107],"lesions.":[108],"groups":[111],"were":[112,138],"similar":[113],"respect":[115],"their":[117],"features":[121],"short":[123],"survival.":[124],"Of":[125],"variables":[127],"tested":[128],"for":[129,158],"prognostic":[130],"importance":[131],"stepwise":[133],"multivariate":[134],"analysis,":[135],"significant:":[139],"arterial":[141],"oxygen":[142],"saturation":[143],"(p":[144,151],"less":[145],".00001)":[147],"anticoagulant":[149],"therapy":[150,155],"=":[152],".01).":[153],"Anticoagulant":[154],"is":[156],"recommended":[157],"hypertension.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":38}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}