{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997148446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299504800203","title":"The Effect of State Economic Conditions on Gubernatorial Elections: Does Unified Government Make a Difference?","display_name":"The Effect of State Economic Conditions on Gubernatorial Elections: Does Unified Government Make a Difference?","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997148446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299504800203","mag":"1997148446"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/106591299504800203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299504800203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299504800203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108349823","display_name":"Political Research Quarterly","issn_l":"1065-9129","issn":["1065-9129","1938-274X","1938-2758"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Research Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083534657","display_name":"Kevin M. Leyden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin M. Leyden","raw_affiliation_strings":["WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103489096","display_name":"Stephen A. Borrelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen A. Borrelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["(University of Alabama)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Alabama)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":130,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27454508,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"2","first_page":"275","last_page":"290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11621","display_name":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gubernatorial-elections","display_name":"gubernatorial elections","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-economic-conditions","display_name":"state economic conditions","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-government","display_name":"unified government","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divided-government","display_name":"divided government","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-unemployment","display_name":"state unemployment","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-government-performance","display_name":"state government performance","score":0.5199999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.719085693359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781233147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3229617","display_name":"Governor","level":2,"score":0.7012209892272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.665941596031189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.6109697222709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6005217432975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5861860513687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5743198990821838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.5008282661437988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.49809885025024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.49401313066482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131364728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130222","display_name":"Divided government","level":3,"score":0.4747087061405182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.41954949498176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.39564988017082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3770443797111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.20998290181159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.11488032341003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/106591299504800203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299504800203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299504800203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108349823","display_name":"Political Research Quarterly","issn_l":"1065-9129","issn":["1065-9129","1938-274X","1938-2758"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Research Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W230536232","https://openalex.org/W572138283","https://openalex.org/W599114845","https://openalex.org/W1540371363","https://openalex.org/W1599444253","https://openalex.org/W1948892033","https://openalex.org/W1965468799","https://openalex.org/W1991333066","https://openalex.org/W1992987457","https://openalex.org/W1994434519","https://openalex.org/W2009927633","https://openalex.org/W2010871839","https://openalex.org/W2012925971","https://openalex.org/W2021751490","https://openalex.org/W2044453219","https://openalex.org/W2055565339","https://openalex.org/W2063236012","https://openalex.org/W2067821442","https://openalex.org/W2097908050","https://openalex.org/W2103519322","https://openalex.org/W2114166011","https://openalex.org/W2136636481","https://openalex.org/W2165868094","https://openalex.org/W2167530972","https://openalex.org/W2170949502","https://openalex.org/W2312536632","https://openalex.org/W2314297586","https://openalex.org/W2316879901","https://openalex.org/W2319073104","https://openalex.org/W2322183461","https://openalex.org/W2322527772","https://openalex.org/W2325990214","https://openalex.org/W2800659152","https://openalex.org/W3043975471","https://openalex.org/W3213155382","https://openalex.org/W4231850748","https://openalex.org/W4232626163","https://openalex.org/W4240195964","https://openalex.org/W4245542607","https://openalex.org/W4246986803","https://openalex.org/W4247140771","https://openalex.org/W4254766273","https://openalex.org/W4256367793","https://openalex.org/W4290016560","https://openalex.org/W4301907104","https://openalex.org/W4379769229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097498320","https://openalex.org/W2130924472","https://openalex.org/W2133793072","https://openalex.org/W2144258908","https://openalex.org/W2067821442","https://openalex.org/W2888477087","https://openalex.org/W2149323001","https://openalex.org/W7096695090","https://openalex.org/W108824161","https://openalex.org/W2047197020"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,79],"research":[1],"addresses":[2],"two":[3],"questions":[4],"of":[5,31,41,54,75],"current":[6],"interest":[7],"in":[8,47],"American":[9],"po":[10],"litics":[11],":":[12],"Does":[13],"divided":[14],"government":[15,111],"reduce":[16],"accountability?":[17],"Do":[18],"voters":[19,93],"reward":[20,100],"or":[21,101],"punish":[22,102],"incumbent":[23,59],"governors":[24],"and/or":[25,97],"their":[26],"parties":[27],"on":[28,57],"the":[29,52,58,69,76,85],"basis":[30],"state":[32,55,77],"economic":[33],"performance?":[34],"A":[35],"multivariate":[36],"pooled":[37],"cross-sectional":[38],"time-series":[39],"analysis":[40],"aggregate":[42],"election":[43],"outcomes":[44],"from":[45],"1972-91":[46],"forty-three":[48],"states":[49],"reveals":[50],"that":[51,92,107],"effect":[53],"unemployment":[56],"guber":[60],"natorial":[61],"party's":[62,108],"vote":[63],"percentage":[64],"is":[65,81,113],"greatly":[66],"enhanced":[67],"when":[68,106],"governor's":[70],"party":[71,90,105],"controls":[72],"both":[73],"chambers":[74],"legislature.":[78],"evidence":[80],"con":[82],"sistent":[83],"with":[84],"claim":[86],"made":[87],"by":[88],"responsible":[89],"theorists":[91],"are":[94],"more":[95],"able":[96],"willing":[98],"to":[99],"a":[103],"political":[104],"responsibility":[109],"for":[110],"performance":[112],"complete.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}