{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996802446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","title":"Complement in multiple sclerosis: its role in disease and potential as a biomarker","display_name":"Complement in multiple sclerosis: its role in disease and potential as a biomarker","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996802446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","mag":"1996802446","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19040603","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2675242"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cei/article-pdf/155/2/128/42038804/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11896317","display_name":"Clinical & Experimental Immunology","issn_l":"0009-9104","issn":["0009-9104","1365-2249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cei/article-pdf/155/2/128/42038804/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042847592","display_name":"Gillian Ingram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-9462","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5898-9462"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Ingram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park","Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078995314","display_name":"Sona A. Hakobyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-0738","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-0738"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Hakobyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090793589","display_name":"Neil P. Robertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-4909","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-4909"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N P Robertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park","Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090102833","display_name":"B. Paul Morgan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-7676","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-7676"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B P Morgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090102833"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"apc_list":{"value":2894,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3816},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0297,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":113,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69225968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"155","issue":"2","first_page":"128","last_page":"139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10993","display_name":"Complement system in diseases","score":0.13109999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11735","display_name":"Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-system","display_name":"complement system","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-activation","display_name":"complement activation","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-regulatory-proteins","display_name":"complement regulatory proteins","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-proteins","display_name":"complement proteins","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-polymorphism","display_name":"genetic polymorphism","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunopathogenesis","display_name":"immunopathogenesis","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-mediated-inflammation","display_name":"T cell-mediated inflammation","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-disease","display_name":"autoimmune disease","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-outcome","display_name":"disease outcome","score":0.6449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111684460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334848","display_name":"Complement system","level":3,"score":0.8358654379844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.8290226459503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.6937506198883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6566778421401978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.5024139881134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207886595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456138","display_name":"Pathological","level":2,"score":0.49336162209510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.48871517181396484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112313634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886648","display_name":"Complement (music)","level":5,"score":0.4695266783237457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779075594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8084905","display_name":"Autoimmune disease","level":3,"score":0.4652584195137024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.44489800930023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.4395732581615448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778486448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494066","display_name":"Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","level":3,"score":0.4213748574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.30746138095855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.24834612011909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.15500375628471375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.15444684028625488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.13129660487174988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.06055912375450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188082640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780899","display_name":"Complementation","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003165","descriptor_name":"Complement System Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003165","descriptor_name":"Complement System Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003167","descriptor_name":"Complement Activation","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004195","descriptor_name":"Disease Models, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004681","descriptor_name":"Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009471","descriptor_name":"Neuromyelitis Optica","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cei/article-pdf/155/2/128/42038804/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11896317","display_name":"Clinical & Experimental Immunology","issn_l":"0009-9104","issn":["0009-9104","1365-2249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19040603","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19040603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2675242","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2675242/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Exp Immunol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cei/article-pdf/155/2/128/42038804/j.1365-2249.2008.03830.x.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11896317","display_name":"Clinical & Experimental Immunology","issn_l":"0009-9104","issn":["0009-9104","1365-2249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320084","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Society","ror":"https://ror.org/043fwdk81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1996802446.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1996802446.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":141,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40248692","https://openalex.org/W114001912","https://openalex.org/W121687570","https://openalex.org/W167125503","https://openalex.org/W315197452","https://openalex.org/W456804380","https://openalex.org/W1482150534","https://openalex.org/W1531027674","https://openalex.org/W1531721111","https://openalex.org/W1533969600","https://openalex.org/W1558156065","https://openalex.org/W1563564485","https://openalex.org/W1599526652","https://openalex.org/W1607708421","https://openalex.org/W1608665304","https://openalex.org/W1839733888","https://openalex.org/W1948491557","https://openalex.org/W1963973203","https://openalex.org/W1965467335","https://openalex.org/W1966101941","https://openalex.org/W1967005960","https://openalex.org/W1968109969","https://openalex.org/W1973050315","https://openalex.org/W1975030978","https://openalex.org/W1975363458","https://openalex.org/W1975434091","https://openalex.org/W1978772015","https://openalex.org/W1981543667","https://openalex.org/W1982021670","https://openalex.org/W1984600436","https://openalex.org/W1989823462","https://openalex.org/W1990738990","https://openalex.org/W1991459230","https://openalex.org/W1996781465","https://openalex.org/W1997288094","https://openalex.org/W1998235450","https://openalex.org/W1998436005","https://openalex.org/W2000333763","https://openalex.org/W2004377059","https://openalex.org/W2005268885","https://openalex.org/W2005391546","https://openalex.org/W2005677798","https://openalex.org/W2006952734","https://openalex.org/W2008063227","https://openalex.org/W2008332572","https://openalex.org/W2008364319","https://openalex.org/W2009237506","https://openalex.org/W2010381370","https://openalex.org/W2011793932","https://openalex.org/W2015321961","https://openalex.org/W2021554101","https://openalex.org/W2022848089","https://openalex.org/W2023183597","https://openalex.org/W2025392129","https://openalex.org/W2026042428","https://openalex.org/W2026287451","https://openalex.org/W2026912507","https://openalex.org/W2028141560","https://openalex.org/W2028844455","https://openalex.org/W2029546500","https://openalex.org/W2029613509","https://openalex.org/W2038079382","https://openalex.org/W2039465463","https://openalex.org/W2040490754","https://openalex.org/W2040728132","https://openalex.org/W2041406682","https://openalex.org/W2043375667","https://openalex.org/W2044455951","https://openalex.org/W2045762174","https://openalex.org/W2047219385","https://openalex.org/W2049585268","https://openalex.org/W2050403297","https://openalex.org/W2051250757","https://openalex.org/W2052644415","https://openalex.org/W2053457637","https://openalex.org/W2054069612","https://openalex.org/W2058302054","https://openalex.org/W2059218087","https://openalex.org/W2060240441","https://openalex.org/W2060764520","https://openalex.org/W2065200510","https://openalex.org/W2065420899","https://openalex.org/W2069400081","https://openalex.org/W2070587287","https://openalex.org/W2072205634","https://openalex.org/W2073551050","https://openalex.org/W2077220204","https://openalex.org/W2079564545","https://openalex.org/W2079722419","https://openalex.org/W2081958862","https://openalex.org/W2083192361","https://openalex.org/W2083708523","https://openalex.org/W2085412596","https://openalex.org/W2086267564","https://openalex.org/W2089593597","https://openalex.org/W2091320827","https://openalex.org/W2092751596","https://openalex.org/W2093777694","https://openalex.org/W2100921663","https://openalex.org/W2101502818","https://openalex.org/W2107486945","https://openalex.org/W2107673722","https://openalex.org/W2108430484","https://openalex.org/W2112935184","https://openalex.org/W2115541160","https://openalex.org/W2117386992","https://openalex.org/W2119375868","https://openalex.org/W2125236492","https://openalex.org/W2130103453","https://openalex.org/W2134893897","https://openalex.org/W2135226721","https://openalex.org/W2136132690","https://openalex.org/W2137350492","https://openalex.org/W2140830894","https://openalex.org/W2141111992","https://openalex.org/W2146365691","https://openalex.org/W2147062889","https://openalex.org/W2147946206","https://openalex.org/W2150689854","https://openalex.org/W2152242321","https://openalex.org/W2158494876","https://openalex.org/W2160688467","https://openalex.org/W2164392039","https://openalex.org/W2164923819","https://openalex.org/W2166005298","https://openalex.org/W2170131898","https://openalex.org/W2171556560","https://openalex.org/W2171678505","https://openalex.org/W2183341823","https://openalex.org/W2329311641","https://openalex.org/W2395525054","https://openalex.org/W2410546017","https://openalex.org/W2410817131","https://openalex.org/W2412111911","https://openalex.org/W2460344004","https://openalex.org/W3145351529","https://openalex.org/W4241796126","https://openalex.org/W4241890711","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4296380130","https://openalex.org/W6633609642"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4381955600","https://openalex.org/W2058302054","https://openalex.org/W7135093768","https://openalex.org/W4409525607","https://openalex.org/W2142258354","https://openalex.org/W4292466799","https://openalex.org/W2114062831","https://openalex.org/W4406029279","https://openalex.org/W3135636070","https://openalex.org/W2330031513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0],"sclerosis":[1],"(MS)":[2],"is":[3,28],"a":[4,14],"common":[5],"inflammatory":[6,104],"disease":[7,32,75],"of":[8,46,68,89,135,144,155],"the":[9,31,44,64,90,142],"central":[10],"nervous":[11],"system":[12,92],"with":[13],"poorly":[15],"defined":[16],"and":[17,48,60,66,71,77,87,96,127,130,147,149,157],"complex":[18],"immunopathogenesis.":[19],"Although":[20],"initiated":[21],"by":[22],"reactive":[23],"T":[24],"cells,":[25],"persistent":[26],"inflammation":[27],"evident":[29],"throughout":[30],"course.":[33],"A":[34],"contribution":[35,73],"from":[36,123],"complement":[37,54,69,91,136,145],"has":[38],"long":[39],"been":[40,108],"suspected,":[41],"based":[42],"on":[43],"results":[45],"pathological":[47],"functional":[49,83,129],"studies":[50],"which":[51,93],"have":[52,106],"demonstrated":[53],"activation":[55,70,134],"products":[56],"in":[57,85,112,114,137],"MS":[58,113],"brain":[59],"biological":[61],"fluids.":[62],"However,":[63],"extent":[65],"nature":[67],"its":[72],"to":[74,99,101,110],"phenotype":[76],"long-term":[78],"outcome":[79],"remain":[80],"unclear.":[81],"Furthermore,":[82],"polymorphisms":[84],"components":[86,146],"regulators":[88,148],"cause":[94],"dysregulation,":[95],"are":[97],"known":[98],"contribute":[100],"other":[102],"autoimmune":[103],"disorders,":[105],"not":[107],"investigated":[109],"date":[111],"any":[115],"detail.":[116],"In":[117],"this":[118],"paper":[119],"we":[120],"review":[121],"evidence":[122],"pathological,":[124],"animal":[125],"model":[126],"human":[128],"genetic":[131],"studies,":[132],"implicating":[133],"MS.":[138],"We":[139],"also":[140],"evaluate":[141],"potential":[143],"their":[150],"polymorphic":[151],"variants":[152],"as":[153],"biomarkers":[154],"disease,":[156],"suggest":[158],"appropriate":[159],"directions":[160],"for":[161],"future":[162],"research.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
