{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996763776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","title":"Varying variation: the effects of within- versus across-feature differences on relational category learning","display_name":"Varying variation: the effects of within- versus across-feature differences on relational category learning","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996763776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","mag":"1996763776","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25709595","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4321646"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052907003","display_name":"Katherine A. Livins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156087764","display_name":"University of California, Merced","ror":"https://ror.org/00d9ah105","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine A. Livins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009359203","display_name":"Michael James Spivey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6914-1181","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6914-1181"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156087764","display_name":"University of California, Merced","ror":"https://ror.org/00d9ah105","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Spivey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070044658","display_name":"Leonidas A. A. Doumas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-6282","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-6282"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leonidas A. A. Doumas","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070044658"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":1.5076,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85453776,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"129","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-similarity","display_name":"structural similarity","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.8338003754615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7446534037590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5791493654251099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5106385350227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.49662262201309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.4751976728439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177877439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604413","display_name":"Statistical relational learning","level":3,"score":0.4355354905128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4150370657444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.4131048619747162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3994753062725067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38462162017822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.37618306279182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.12801286578178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.1091761589050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3300671","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4321646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4321646","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4321646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:25709595","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25709595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:555c2b3e1e714eeebe92851cb9d5cbc4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/555c2b3e1e714eeebe92851cb9d5cbc4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 6 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/bd08e52f-d7fe-469d-bc2b-7e026452baef","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11820/bd08e52f-d7fe-469d-bc2b-7e026452baef","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400321","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","host_organization_name":"University of Edinburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Livins, K A, Spivey, M & Doumas, L 2015, 'Varying Variation: The Effects of Within- Versus Across-Feature Differences on Relational Category Learning', Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 6, 129. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00129/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1996763776.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1996763776.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62684313","https://openalex.org/W1486477330","https://openalex.org/W1494355929","https://openalex.org/W1571146030","https://openalex.org/W1969949803","https://openalex.org/W1975346989","https://openalex.org/W1986787497","https://openalex.org/W1987427765","https://openalex.org/W1992473459","https://openalex.org/W1995921430","https://openalex.org/W1996950710","https://openalex.org/W2007283628","https://openalex.org/W2012967423","https://openalex.org/W2026161499","https://openalex.org/W2035388832","https://openalex.org/W2039336675","https://openalex.org/W2052419000","https://openalex.org/W2083110346","https://openalex.org/W2092919341","https://openalex.org/W2100151927","https://openalex.org/W2107645892","https://openalex.org/W2107651640","https://openalex.org/W2126255959","https://openalex.org/W2134504674","https://openalex.org/W2141708418","https://openalex.org/W2150890663","https://openalex.org/W2151459154","https://openalex.org/W2154446803","https://openalex.org/W2160552342","https://openalex.org/W2166667242","https://openalex.org/W2319178748","https://openalex.org/W3118271361","https://openalex.org/W4241912371","https://openalex.org/W4253163247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2550139563","https://openalex.org/W1970377502","https://openalex.org/W2769934244","https://openalex.org/W2899036886","https://openalex.org/W2581633183","https://openalex.org/W3160632429","https://openalex.org/W2404120507","https://openalex.org/W7095782908","https://openalex.org/W2083110346","https://openalex.org/W2167334078"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"of":[1,13,19,82,161,177,221],"feature-based":[2,32,212],"categories":[3,28,33],"is":[4,54,179,192,216],"known":[5],"to":[6,104,121,218],"interact":[7,50],"with":[8,51,173,188,201],"feature-variation":[9],"in":[10,34,107,128,157,224],"a":[11,44,105,129,144,166,170,174,185,199],"variety":[12],"ways,":[14],"depending":[15],"on":[16,40,70,151],"the":[17,46,80,87,114,208,219,225],"type":[18,81,220],"variation":[20,53,84,97,178,191,223],"(e.g.,":[21],"Markman":[22],"and":[23,61,64,95,148,154],"Maddox,":[24],"2003).":[25],"However,":[26],"relational":[27,73,145,167,214],"are":[29],"distinct":[30],"from":[31,169,184,198],"that":[35,48,93,164,182],"they":[36,49],"determine":[37],"membership":[38],"based":[39],"structural":[41,71],"similarities.":[42],"As":[43],"result,":[45],"way":[47],"feature":[52,83,222],"unclear.":[55],"This":[56],"paper":[57,111],"explores":[58],"both":[59],"experimental":[60],"computational":[62],"data":[63],"argues":[65],"that,":[66,210],"despite":[67],"its":[68],"reliance":[69],"factors,":[72],"category-learning":[74,146,215],"should":[75,98],"still":[76],"be":[77],"affected":[78],"by":[79],"present":[85],"during":[86],"learning":[88,101,165,183,197],"process.":[89],"It":[90],"specifically":[91],"suggests":[92],"within-feature":[94,190],"across-feature":[96,203],"produce":[99],"different":[100],"trajectories":[102],"due":[103],"difference":[106],"representational":[108],"cost.":[109],"The":[110,141],"then":[112,155],"uses":[113],"DORA":[115],"model":[116],"(Doumas":[117],"et":[118],"al.,":[119],"2008)":[120],"discuss":[122],"how":[123],"this":[124,139],"account":[125],"might":[126],"function":[127],"cognitive":[130],"system":[131],"before":[132],"presenting":[133],"an":[134],"experiment":[135,142],"aimed":[136],"at":[137],"testing":[138],"account.":[140],"was":[143,149],"task":[147],"run":[150],"human":[152],"participants":[153],"simulated":[156],"DORA.":[158],"Both":[159],"sets":[160],"results":[162,206],"indicated":[163],"category":[168],"training":[171,186,226],"set":[172,187,200],"lower":[175],"amount":[176],"easier,":[180],"but":[181],"increased":[189,202],"significantly":[193],"less":[194],"challenging":[195],"than":[196],"variation.":[204],"These":[205],"support":[207],"claim":[209],"like":[211],"category-learning,":[213],"sensitive":[217],"set.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}