{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996546315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","title":"Reinforcement and divergence under assortative mating","display_name":"Reinforcement and divergence under assortative mating","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996546315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","mag":"1996546315","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11467428","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1690725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3006207977","display_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0080-4649","issn":["0080-4649","0962-8452","1471-2954","2053-9193"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1690725","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003885949","display_name":"Mark Kirkpatrick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-4172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-4172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Kirkpatrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Integrative Biology C0930, University of Texas>, Austin,TX 78712, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Integrative Biology C0930, University of Texas>, Austin,TX 78712, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003885949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8417,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":161,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93240783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"267","issue":"1453","first_page":"1649","last_page":"1655"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10012","display_name":"Genetic diversity and population structure","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assortative-mating","display_name":"assortative mating","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-isolation","display_name":"reproductive isolation","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speciation","display_name":"speciation","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-incompatibility","display_name":"hybrid incompatibility","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistasis","display_name":"epistasis","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/introgression","display_name":"introgression","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-flow","display_name":"gene flow","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"divergence","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-genetic-effects","display_name":"additive genetic effects","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prezygotic-isolation","display_name":"prezygotic isolation","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postzygotic-isolation","display_name":"postzygotic isolation","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-migration-rate","display_name":"effective migration rate","score":0.6140000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777433574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744592","display_name":"Assortative mating","level":3,"score":0.8885020017623901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8115171790122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46097333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591877","display_name":"Disruptive selection","level":4,"score":0.6739624738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6280347108840942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8182607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2094405","display_name":"Introgression","level":3,"score":0.6227313280105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26772143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572872","display_name":"Reproductive isolation","level":3,"score":0.5963979959487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.5961057543754578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61727976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751748","display_name":"Epistasis","level":3,"score":0.5883563756942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5619199275970459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.5317099690437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514575182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228395","display_name":"Mating","level":2,"score":0.4846106469631195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.39717531204223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75268714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478","display_name":"Natural selection","level":3,"score":0.2697828710079193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.24427831172943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005828","descriptor_name":"Genetics, Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006824","descriptor_name":"Hybridization, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3006207977","display_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0080-4649","issn":["0080-4649","0962-8452","1471-2954","2053-9193"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:442672","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1690725","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1690725","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1690725","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Biol Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:11467428","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11467428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. Biological sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:442672","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1690725","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W996807236","https://openalex.org/W1808334915","https://openalex.org/W1862073601","https://openalex.org/W1901763315","https://openalex.org/W1942714295","https://openalex.org/W1949694575","https://openalex.org/W1965867263","https://openalex.org/W1968651463","https://openalex.org/W1969972041","https://openalex.org/W1978796180","https://openalex.org/W1979159218","https://openalex.org/W1984868217","https://openalex.org/W1997939696","https://openalex.org/W1998638809","https://openalex.org/W2004778468","https://openalex.org/W2006310263","https://openalex.org/W2031043186","https://openalex.org/W2040848353","https://openalex.org/W2048471787","https://openalex.org/W2074370962","https://openalex.org/W2077457152","https://openalex.org/W2082926587","https://openalex.org/W2083369758","https://openalex.org/W2107850890","https://openalex.org/W2131212430","https://openalex.org/W2138448548","https://openalex.org/W2139357744","https://openalex.org/W2168004137","https://openalex.org/W2211961862","https://openalex.org/W2303043072","https://openalex.org/W2322715144","https://openalex.org/W2327788429","https://openalex.org/W2327924079","https://openalex.org/W2328180141","https://openalex.org/W2580838476","https://openalex.org/W4251471558","https://openalex.org/W4251959437","https://openalex.org/W4255650793","https://openalex.org/W7046318547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606423087","https://openalex.org/W2761112493","https://openalex.org/W647015196","https://openalex.org/W3005090698","https://openalex.org/W2051606300","https://openalex.org/W4410537231","https://openalex.org/W2001447584","https://openalex.org/W2170680417","https://openalex.org/W2206592462","https://openalex.org/W7098868533"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traits":[0],"that":[1,53,75,96,113,125],"cause":[2,29],"assortative":[3,70],"mating":[4,71],"such":[5],"as":[6],"the":[7,64,114,126,134,142,172,178,188,205],"flowering":[8],"time":[9],"in":[10,15,34,200,204],"plants":[11],"and":[12,106,117,175,192],"body":[13],"size":[14],"animals":[16],"can":[17,97],"produce":[18],"reproductive":[19],"isolation":[20,62,88],"between":[21,63,168],"hybridizing":[22],"populations.":[23],"Can":[24],"selection":[25,92,102,118,140,170,182],"against":[26,93,183],"unfit":[27],"hybrids":[28],"two":[30,65],"populations":[31,66],"to":[32,146],"diverge":[33,132],"their":[35],"mean":[36,129],"values":[37],"for":[38,72],"these":[39,208],"kinds":[40],"of":[41,50,81,101,153,159,198,207],"traits?":[42],"Here":[43],"I":[44],"present":[45],"a":[46,73,166],"haploid":[47],"analytical":[48],"model":[49],"one":[51],"population":[52],"receives":[54],"gene":[55,107],"flow":[56],"from":[57,133,177],"another.":[58],"The":[59,86,110,122,157,196],"partial":[60],"pre-zygotic":[61],"is":[67,76,89,138,163,202],"caused":[68,90],"by":[69,78,91,165],"trait":[74,128,143,174],"influenced":[77],"any":[79,99],"number":[80],"genes":[82,105,152],"with":[83],"additive":[84],"effects.":[85],"post-zygotic":[87],"genetic":[94,185],"incompatibilities":[95,186],"involve":[98],"form":[100],"on":[103,141,171],"individual":[104],"combinations":[108],"(epistasis).":[109],"analysis":[111],"assumes":[112],"introgression":[115,176],"rate":[116,191],"coefficients":[119],"are":[120,151],"small.":[121],"results":[123],"show":[124],"assortment":[127,173,199],"will":[130],"not":[131],"immigrants":[135],"unless":[136],"there":[137,150],"direct":[139,169],"favouring":[144],"it":[145],"do":[147],"so":[148],"or":[149],"very":[154],"large":[155],"effect.":[156],"amount":[158],"divergence":[160],"at":[161],"equilibrium":[162],"determined":[164],"balance":[167],"other":[179],"population.":[180],"Additional":[181],"hybrid":[184],"reduces":[187],"effective":[189],"migration":[190],"allows":[193],"greater":[194],"divergence.":[195],"role":[197],"speciation":[201],"discussed":[203],"light":[206],"results.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}