{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996512145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","title":"Text-dependent speaker verification: Classifiers, databases and RSR2015","display_name":"Text-dependent speaker verification: Classifiers, databases and RSR2015","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996512145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","mag":"1996512145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167639314000156/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167639314000156/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002979461","display_name":"Anthony Larcher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4398-0224","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4398-0224"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Larcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004287909","display_name":"Kong Aik Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-3000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-3000"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kong Aik Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100749735","display_name":"Bin Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9223-9654","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9223-9654"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032690182","display_name":"Haizhou Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-9401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-9401"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haizhou Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R), Human Language Technology Department1, Fusionopolis Way#21-01, Connexis (South Tower) 138632, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002979461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"apc_paid":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"fwci":26.0056,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":240,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99721884,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"56","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-dependent-speaker-verification","display_name":"text-dependent speaker verification","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexical-constraints","display_name":"lexical constraints","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/i-vectors","display_name":"i-vectors","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plda","display_name":"PLDA","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-architecture","display_name":"acoustic architecture","score":0.4259999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8078079223632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.7130385637283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982762665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker verification","level":3,"score":0.7054597735404968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133892786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker recognition","level":2,"score":0.4522966146469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.444501668214798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149838564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574248","display_name":"Speaker diarisation","level":3,"score":0.4313523769378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4164176881313324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.41372671723365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3943581283092499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3268944025039673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167639314000156/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01926338v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-01926338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication, 2014","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.03.001","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167639314000156/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128025751","display_name":"Speech Communication","issn_l":"0167-6393","issn":["0167-6393","1872-7182"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speech Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1996512145.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1996512145.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12718247","https://openalex.org/W39765746","https://openalex.org/W41988030","https://openalex.org/W60614915","https://openalex.org/W67277430","https://openalex.org/W79762229","https://openalex.org/W104477874","https://openalex.org/W112821631","https://openalex.org/W117518950","https://openalex.org/W119864726","https://openalex.org/W120067571","https://openalex.org/W123007118","https://openalex.org/W136268286","https://openalex.org/W159877324","https://openalex.org/W171789273","https://openalex.org/W182365161","https://openalex.org/W187434241","https://openalex.org/W345765952","https://openalex.org/W1494284546","https://openalex.org/W1511240543","https://openalex.org/W1523998327","https://openalex.org/W1527240141","https://openalex.org/W1540804449","https://openalex.org/W1543181810","https://openalex.org/W1573970681","https://openalex.org/W1578740616","https://openalex.org/W1589137271","https://openalex.org/W1589469711","https://openalex.org/W1633840029","https://openalex.org/W1643213444","https://openalex.org/W1694389219","https://openalex.org/W1799374456","https://openalex.org/W1979012094","https://openalex.org/W1979882273","https://openalex.org/W1985138764","https://openalex.org/W1988530429","https://openalex.org/W1989211522","https://openalex.org/W1994759747","https://openalex.org/W1996950552","https://openalex.org/W2006084286","https://openalex.org/W2015153532","https://openalex.org/W2017254735","https://openalex.org/W2024121356","https://openalex.org/W2025013471","https://openalex.org/W2025838967","https://openalex.org/W2028820823","https://openalex.org/W2040105822","https://openalex.org/W2041443702","https://openalex.org/W2041823554","https://openalex.org/W2042394971","https://openalex.org/W2044223162","https://openalex.org/W2044567027","https://openalex.org/W2047750060","https://openalex.org/W2052465395","https://openalex.org/W2054419497","https://openalex.org/W2055925964","https://openalex.org/W2060729502","https://openalex.org/W2064364374","https://openalex.org/W2066239192","https://openalex.org/W2069976350","https://openalex.org/W2075409220","https://openalex.org/W2076596114","https://openalex.org/W2077176853","https://openalex.org/W2088234478","https://openalex.org/W2088868777","https://openalex.org/W2094225911","https://openalex.org/W2101587318","https://openalex.org/W2101662502","https://openalex.org/W2104457544","https://openalex.org/W2105852083","https://openalex.org/W2106491399","https://openalex.org/W2107638917","https://openalex.org/W2110883784","https://openalex.org/W2115029027","https://openalex.org/W2115328154","https://openalex.org/W2119710236","https://openalex.org/W2120097768","https://openalex.org/W2121812409","https://openalex.org/W2122304690","https://openalex.org/W2125636736","https://openalex.org/W2126854862","https://openalex.org/W2127115122","https://openalex.org/W2129125740","https://openalex.org/W2130504471","https://openalex.org/W2130602224","https://openalex.org/W2135031448","https://openalex.org/W2137333306","https://openalex.org/W2140022733","https://openalex.org/W2141373863","https://openalex.org/W2143694533","https://openalex.org/W2144942180","https://openalex.org/W2146320039","https://openalex.org/W2146824864","https://openalex.org/W2148504315","https://openalex.org/W2149338142","https://openalex.org/W2150769028","https://openalex.org/W2151701427","https://openalex.org/W2154278880","https://openalex.org/W2155737821","https://openalex.org/W2156923493","https://openalex.org/W2164194742","https://openalex.org/W2164827091","https://openalex.org/W2167598627","https://openalex.org/W2168866939","https://openalex.org/W2171388464","https://openalex.org/W2172179449","https://openalex.org/W2185062546","https://openalex.org/W2185211569","https://openalex.org/W2186774823","https://openalex.org/W2189248916","https://openalex.org/W2265195717","https://openalex.org/W2294814385","https://openalex.org/W2295590090","https://openalex.org/W2340176088","https://openalex.org/W2394493234","https://openalex.org/W2394963835","https://openalex.org/W2395069802","https://openalex.org/W2395750323","https://openalex.org/W2397116154","https://openalex.org/W2397336997","https://openalex.org/W2397474108","https://openalex.org/W2398879986","https://openalex.org/W2399762392","https://openalex.org/W2400614314","https://openalex.org/W2401027203","https://openalex.org/W2402072010","https://openalex.org/W2407252160","https://openalex.org/W2407374891","https://openalex.org/W2407896276","https://openalex.org/W2408222853","https://openalex.org/W2416029888","https://openalex.org/W2568428461","https://openalex.org/W2605170521","https://openalex.org/W2615063356","https://openalex.org/W2619993508","https://openalex.org/W2734864502","https://openalex.org/W2740148153","https://openalex.org/W3031363333","https://openalex.org/W3148076546","https://openalex.org/W4206821167","https://openalex.org/W4210849719","https://openalex.org/W4233142663","https://openalex.org/W4241307704","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6604681084","https://openalex.org/W6631618440","https://openalex.org/W6636813948","https://openalex.org/W6675975138","https://openalex.org/W6679423614","https://openalex.org/W6680335308","https://openalex.org/W6724942418"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186774823","https://openalex.org/W2338528082","https://openalex.org/W2921475306","https://openalex.org/W2114925438","https://openalex.org/W1645641307","https://openalex.org/W2100303141","https://openalex.org/W108939719","https://openalex.org/W2403409912","https://openalex.org/W2594527100","https://openalex.org/W2396511675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,62,152],"RSR2015":[1,84,146],"database,":[2,110],"designed":[3],"to":[4,148],"evaluate":[5],"text-dependent":[6,95],"speaker":[7,96,117],"verification":[8,118],"systems":[9],"under":[10],"different":[11],"durations":[12],"and":[13,19,72,78,130,141],"lexical":[14],"constraints":[15],"has":[16],"been":[17],"collected":[18],"released":[20],"by":[21],"the":[22,83,88,105,109,113,120,149,155,162],"Human":[23],"Language":[24],"Technology":[25],"(HLT)":[26],"department":[27],"at":[28],"Institute":[29],"for":[30,94,102],"Infocomm":[31],"Research":[32],"(I2R)":[33],"in":[34,48,159],"Singapore.":[35,49],"English":[36],"speakers":[37,65],"were":[38,57],"recorded":[39,58],"with":[40,112],"a":[41,125,137,142],"balanced":[42],"diversity":[43],"of":[44,54,64,67,87,104,108,115,161],"accents":[45],"commonly":[46],"found":[47],"More":[50],"than":[51],"151":[52],"h":[53],"speech":[55],"data":[56],"using":[59],"mobile":[60],"devices.":[61],"pool":[63],"consists":[66],"300":[68],"participants":[69],"(143":[70],"female":[71],"157":[73],"male":[74],"speakers)":[75],"between":[76],"17":[77],"42":[79],"years":[80],"old":[81],"making":[82],"database":[85,92,147],"one":[86],"largest":[89],"publicly":[90],"available":[91],"targeted":[93],"verification.":[97],"We":[98,134],"provide":[99,136],"evaluation":[100,139],"protocol":[101],"each":[103],"three":[106,126],"parts":[107],"together":[111],"results":[114],"two":[116],"system:":[119],"HiLAM":[121,153],"system,":[122],"based":[123],"on":[124,145],"layer":[127],"acoustic":[128],"architecture,":[129],"an":[131],"i-vector/PLDA":[132],"system.":[133],"thus":[135],"reference":[138,143],"scheme":[140],"performance":[144],"research":[150],"community.":[151],"outperforms":[154],"state-of-the-art":[156],"i-vector":[157],"system":[158],"most":[160],"scenarios.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}