{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996458787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229182","title":"Light distributors for photodynamic therapy","display_name":"Light distributors for photodynamic therapy","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996458787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229182","mag":"1996458787"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.229182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/162872","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111547057","display_name":"Hubert van den Bergh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hubert van den Bergh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082912960","display_name":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me C. Mizeret","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerome C. Mizeret","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059377849","display_name":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Theumann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Francois Theumann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019888734","display_name":"Alain Woodtli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alain Woodtli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086370993","display_name":"Roland Bays","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland Bays","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051113945","display_name":"Dimitri Robert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Robert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030212648","display_name":"Peter A. Thielen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Thielen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109225725","display_name":"J.\u2010M. Philippoz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Philippoz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005288227","display_name":"Daniel R. Braichotte","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Braichotte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113557583","display_name":"Martin Forrer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Forrer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109121206","display_name":"Jean\u2010Fran\u00e7ois Savary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802229882","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois","ror":"https://ror.org/05a353079","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802229882"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115126","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Orthop\u00e9dique de la Suisse Romande","ror":"https://ror.org/022vd9g66","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802229882","https://openalex.org/I4210115126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Francois Savary","raw_affiliation_strings":["CHUV Hospital (Switzerland)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CHUV Hospital (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802229882","https://openalex.org/I4210115126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110632026","display_name":"Philippe Monnier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802229882","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois","ror":"https://ror.org/05a353079","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802229882"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115126","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Orthop\u00e9dique de la Suisse Romande","ror":"https://ror.org/022vd9g66","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802229882","https://openalex.org/I4210115126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philippe Monnier","raw_affiliation_strings":["CHUV Hospital (Switzerland)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CHUV Hospital (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802229882","https://openalex.org/I4210115126"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010493249","display_name":"Georges Wagni\u00e8res","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3099"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georges A. Wagnieres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4252,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96713615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"2631","issue":null,"first_page":"173","last_page":"198"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10782","display_name":"Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodynamic-therapy","display_name":"photodynamic therapy","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-intensity-distribution","display_name":"light intensity distribution","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflective-surfaces","display_name":"reflective surfaces","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-scattering","display_name":"light scattering","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microlenses","display_name":"microlenses","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photobleaching-kinetics","display_name":"photobleaching kinetics","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-aerodigestive-tract-cancer","display_name":"upper aerodigestive tract cancer","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esophageal-cancer","display_name":"esophageal cancer","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uterine-cancer","display_name":"uterine cancer","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-cancer","display_name":"skin cancer","score":0.9599999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781323092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428072","display_name":"Photodynamic therapy","level":2,"score":0.9034591913223267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31332276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899750","display_name":"Photobleaching","level":3,"score":0.6207478046417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.605186939239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120456961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Light scattering","level":3,"score":0.5444284081459045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.527385950088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5253245830535889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.47652897238731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.4381946623325348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3791821599006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.366788387298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.21647557616233826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18169569969177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12823855876922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.229182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.229182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:162872","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/162872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:162872","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/162872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conference proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:162872","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/162872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082256673","https://openalex.org/W2119388219","https://openalex.org/W1970676600","https://openalex.org/W2587271138","https://openalex.org/W2055796784","https://openalex.org/W1988123962","https://openalex.org/W2060829199","https://openalex.org/W1968474581","https://openalex.org/W1967242269","https://openalex.org/W2611876106"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"brief":[1],"overview":[2],"is":[3,176],"given":[4],"of":[5,18,41,82,95,119,149],"light":[6,60,72,87,113,121,163],"distributors":[7,61],"developed":[8],"by":[9,91],"our":[10],"group":[11],"in":[12,36,75,138,141],"Lausanne":[13],"for":[14,39,68],"photodynamic":[15],"therapy":[16],"(PDT)":[17],"cancer.":[19],"We":[20],"focus":[21],"on":[22],"fiberoptic":[23],"devices":[24],"which":[25,115,152],"have":[26],"to":[27,160,165],"a":[28],"large":[29],"extent":[30],"been":[31],"tested":[32],"over":[33],"the":[34,37,42,46,49,51,54,70,80,93,117,120,125,131,145,162,166],"years":[35],"clinic":[38],"PDT":[40,107,174],"upper":[43],"aerodigestive":[44],"tract,":[45],"tracheobronchial":[47],"tree,":[48],"esophagus,":[50],"uterus,":[52],"and":[53,58,89,105,140,157],"skin.":[55],"Both":[56,135],"surface":[57,103],"interstitial":[59],"are":[62,77,136],"discussed.":[63,177],"Several":[64],"different":[65],"physical":[66],"principles":[67],"obtaining":[69],"desired":[71],"intensity":[73,122],"distribution":[74],"tissue":[76],"demonstrated,":[78],"including":[79],"use":[81,94,148],"specially":[83],"shaped":[84],"reflecting":[85,98],"surfaces,":[86],"scattering":[88],"refraction":[90],"particles,":[92],"flexible":[96],"highly":[97],"balloons,":[99],"controlled":[100],"fiber":[101],"core":[102],"roughening,":[104],"microlenses.":[106],"can":[108,153],"be":[109],"improved":[110],"using":[111],"'intelligent'":[112],"distributors,":[114],"permit":[116],"measurement":[118],"reflected":[123],"from":[124],"irradiated":[126],"surface,":[127],"as":[128,130],"well":[129],"dye":[132,168],"fluorescence":[133,169],"signals.":[134],"measured":[137],"situ":[139],"real":[142],"time":[143],"during":[144],"treatment.":[146],"The":[147],"such":[150],"devices,":[151],"measure":[154],"photobleaching":[155],"kinetics,":[156],"enable":[158],"one":[159],"adjust":[161],"dose":[164],"observed":[167],"signals,":[170],"thus":[171],"giving":[172],"better":[173],"control,":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-02T10:15:12.560889","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}