{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996201018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2010.25","title":"Formal Analysis of the Kaminsky DNS Cache-Poisoning Attack Using Probabilistic Model Checking","display_name":"Formal Analysis of the Kaminsky DNS Cache-Poisoning Attack Using Probabilistic Model Checking","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996201018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2010.25","mag":"1996201018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hase.2010.25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2010.25","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2010.25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186101","display_name":"IEEE International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE)","issn_l":"1530-2059","issn":["1530-2059","2640-7507"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE 12th International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081079525","display_name":"\u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03c2 \u0391\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03bf\u03c5","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Alexiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece","Dept. of Inf., Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf., Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080661611","display_name":"Stylianos Basagiannis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4513-0541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4513-0541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stylianos Basagiannis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece","Dept. of Inf., Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf., Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002757052","display_name":"Panagiotis Katsaros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-5295","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-5295"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Katsaros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece","Dept. of Inf., Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf., Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053075062","display_name":"Tushar Dashpande","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tushar Dashpande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, US","Dept. of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039202410","display_name":"Scott A. Smolka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-630X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-630X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott A. Smolka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","Dept. of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5967,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9014998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"94","last_page":"103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.3617999851703644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.3617999851703644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.33399999141693115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.11649999767541885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dns-security","display_name":"DNS security","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dns-hijacking","display_name":"DNS hijacking","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-model-checking","display_name":"probabilistic model checking","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prism","display_name":"PRISM","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-time-markov-chains","display_name":"continuous-time Markov chains","score":0.8479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8170570135116577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35026560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8767","display_name":"Domain Name System","level":3,"score":0.7800987958908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5963569283485413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.417336642742157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.38462814688682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36090248823165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.19580423831939697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hase.2010.25","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2010.25","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2010.25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186101","display_name":"IEEE International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE)","issn_l":"1530-2059","issn":["1530-2059","2640-7507"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE 12th International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.294.9901","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.294.9901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://delab.csd.auth.gr/~katsaros/hase9.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.423.5051","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.423.5051","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.fsl.cs.sunysb.edu/ssw/files/Download/alexiou10kaminsky.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331904","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1603966055","https://openalex.org/W1810606903","https://openalex.org/W1828507003","https://openalex.org/W1859458367","https://openalex.org/W1949722297","https://openalex.org/W2068173259","https://openalex.org/W2121805588","https://openalex.org/W2166069606","https://openalex.org/W4401670423"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898667191","https://openalex.org/W3195402106","https://openalex.org/W2522083220","https://openalex.org/W2049927328","https://openalex.org/W2580765057","https://openalex.org/W2291155952","https://openalex.org/W2051286896","https://openalex.org/W2011587600","https://openalex.org/W2346063447","https://openalex.org/W6981164350"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,124,227],"use":[1,125],"the":[2,12,73,97,102,106,121,136,140,146,162,165,171,181,191,194,205,218,222,246,249],"probabilistic":[3,148],"model":[4,9,149],"checker":[5],"PRISM":[6,126,158],"to":[7,30,59,83,117,127,144,189],"formally":[8,160],"and":[10,139,143],"analyze":[11],"highly":[13],"publicized":[14],"Kaminsky":[15,45,137,166],"DNS":[16,19,46,54,66,110,122,183],"cache-poisoning":[17,167],"attack.":[18],"(Domain":[20],"Name":[21],"System)":[22],"is":[23,48,99,217],"an":[24,57,174,230,235],"internet-wide,":[25],"hierarchical":[26],"naming":[27],"system":[28],"used":[29],"translate":[31],"domain":[32,89],"names":[33],"such":[34,41,90],"as":[35,42,91],"google.com":[36],"into":[37],"physical":[38],"IP":[39,74],"addresses":[40],"208.77.188.166.":[43],"The":[44],"attack":[47,98,138,168,210,232],"a":[49,61,65,77,87,109,115,129,208,212],"recently":[50],"discovered":[51],"vulnerability":[52],"in":[53,120,170],"that":[55,69,204],"allows":[56],"intruder":[58,175,247],"hijack":[60],"domain,":[62],"i.e.":[63],"corrupt":[64],"server":[67,80,111,119],"so":[68],"it":[70],"replies":[71],"with":[72,176,234],"address":[75],"of":[76,104,135,164,173,180,193,207,224,238],"malicious":[78],"web":[79],"when":[81,113],"asked":[82],"resolve":[84],"URLs":[85],"within":[86],"non-malicious":[88],"google.com.":[92],"A":[93],"proposed":[94,141,195],"fix":[95],"for":[96],"based":[100],"on":[101,221],"idea":[103],"randomizing":[105],"source":[107],"port":[108],"uses":[112],"issuing":[114],"query":[116],"another":[118],"hierarchy.":[123],"introduce":[128],"Continuous":[130],"Time":[131],"Markov":[132],"Chain":[133],"representation":[134],"fix,":[142],"perform":[145],"required":[147],"checking.":[150],"Our":[151],"results,":[152],"gleaned":[153],"from":[154],"more":[155],"than":[156],"240":[157],"runs,":[159],"validate":[161],"existence":[163],"even":[169],"presence":[172],"virtually":[177],"no":[178],"knowledge":[179],"victim":[182],"server's":[184],"actions.":[185],"They":[186],"also":[187,228],"serve":[188],"quantify":[190],"effectiveness":[192],"fix:":[196],"using":[197],"nonlinear":[198],"least-squares":[199],"curve":[200],"fitting,":[201],"we":[202],"show":[203],"probability":[206,233],"successful":[209],"obeys":[211],"1/N":[213],"distribution,":[214],"where":[215],"N":[216],"upper":[219],"limit":[220],"range":[223],"source-port":[225,250],"ids.":[226],"demonstrate":[229],"increasing":[231,236,242],"number":[237],"attempted":[239],"attacks":[240],"or":[241],"rate":[243],"at":[244],"which":[245],"guesses":[248],"id.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}