{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995658059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","title":"Ciliated intestinal protozoa of black (Diceros bicornis michaeli) and white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum) in Kenya","display_name":"Ciliated intestinal protozoa of black (Diceros bicornis michaeli) and white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum) in Kenya","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995658059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","mag":"1995658059"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14053799","display_name":"African Journal of Ecology","issn_l":"0141-6707","issn":["0141-6707","1365-2028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022426042","display_name":"Vincent Obanda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2587-5359","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2587-5359"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146161461","display_name":"Kenya Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/01w9cfb64","country_code":"KE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Obanda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025911275","display_name":"Francis Gakuya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7245-746X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7245-746X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146161461","display_name":"Kenya Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/01w9cfb64","country_code":"KE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"F. Gakuya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074255488","display_name":"Isaac Lekolool","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-9685","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-9685"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146161461","display_name":"Kenya Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/01w9cfb64","country_code":"KE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Lekolool","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108885956","display_name":"S. Chege","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146161461","display_name":"Kenya Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/01w9cfb64","country_code":"KE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Chege","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013478895","display_name":"B. Okita","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146161461","display_name":"Kenya Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/01w9cfb64","country_code":"KE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Okita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045562415","display_name":"Thomas Manyibe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146161461","display_name":"Kenya Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/01w9cfb64","country_code":"KE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Manyibe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterinary Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025911275"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146161461"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"2","first_page":"144","last_page":"148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10098","display_name":"Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology","score":0.8051999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10098","display_name":"Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology","score":0.8051999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11879","display_name":"Protist diversity and phylogeny","score":0.05609999969601631,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11074","display_name":"Helminth infection and control","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciliates","display_name":"ciliates","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intestinal-protozoa","display_name":"intestinal protozoa","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhinoceroses","display_name":"rhinoceros","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-rhinoceros","display_name":"black rhinoceros","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-rhinoceros","display_name":"white rhinoceros","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entodinium","display_name":"Entodinium","score":0.7870000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777591057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34718","display_name":"Rhinoceros","level":2,"score":0.9642858505249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7935324907302856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.5438857078552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778566189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101274","display_name":"Protozoa","level":2,"score":0.489246129989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776787076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920296","display_name":"Captivity","level":2,"score":0.47238707542419434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.34854400157928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.18144670128822327}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00822.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14053799","display_name":"African Journal of Ecology","issn_l":"0141-6707","issn":["0141-6707","1365-2028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6735000014305115,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W612557211","https://openalex.org/W1574480742","https://openalex.org/W1972194122","https://openalex.org/W2014445606","https://openalex.org/W2020691366","https://openalex.org/W2043775729","https://openalex.org/W2049056178","https://openalex.org/W2114041934","https://openalex.org/W2125154405","https://openalex.org/W2152602532","https://openalex.org/W2184944328","https://openalex.org/W2270472364","https://openalex.org/W2335320897","https://openalex.org/W2404467344"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063613412","https://openalex.org/W4383868350","https://openalex.org/W2171304087","https://openalex.org/W2079624232","https://openalex.org/W7141071525","https://openalex.org/W4376609447","https://openalex.org/W2084124558","https://openalex.org/W4386695428","https://openalex.org/W2798282929","https://openalex.org/W3134735886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,54,83],"aim":[2],"of":[3,12,44,103,111,126,129,150,153,156,164,177,188],"this":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,46,94,97],"to":[7,121,136,145,173],"survey":[8],"ciliated":[9],"intestinal":[10,112],"protozoa":[11],"the":[13,67,89,100,104,107,118,122,137,147,154,160,165,175],"black":[14],"rhinoceros":[15,21,181,189],"(Diceros":[16],"bicornis":[17],"michaeli)":[18],"and":[19,51,64,79,109,133,184,193],"white":[20],"(Ceratotherium":[22],"simum":[23],"simum)":[24],"in":[25,87,115,159,182,191,194],"Kenyan":[26],"National":[27],"Parks.":[28],"Faecal":[29],"samples":[30],"from":[31],"28":[32],"rhinoceroses":[33,90],"that":[34,91,99],"were":[35,40,56,66,92],"chemically":[36],"immobilized":[37],"for":[38,180],"translocation":[39],"opportunistically":[41],"collected.":[42],"Presence":[43],"ciliates":[45,55,158],"assessed":[47],"using":[48,58],"faecal":[49],"floatation":[50],"sedimentation":[52],"techniques.":[53],"identified":[57],"cellular":[59],"morphological":[60],"features.":[61],"Ophryoscoleciidae,":[62],"Cycloposthiidae":[63,76],"Blepharocrythiidae":[65],"three":[68],"ciliate":[69,85,131],"families":[70],"represented.":[71],"Ophryoscoleciidae":[72],"had":[73],"nine":[74],"genera,":[75],"six":[77],"genera":[78],"Blepharocorythiidae":[80],"1":[81],"genus.":[82],"dominant":[84],"genus":[86],"all":[88],"sampled":[93],"entodinium.":[95],"It":[96],"found":[98],"nutrient":[101,119,127],"composition":[102,128],"diet":[105],"influences":[106],"diversity":[108,132],"numbers":[110],"ciliates,":[113],"which":[114],"turn":[116],"regulates":[117],"available":[120],"animal.":[123],"This":[124],"interplay":[125],"diet,":[130],"nutritional":[134,148,186],"benefits":[135],"host":[138],"has":[139],"been":[140],"used":[141,172],"as":[142],"an":[143,168],"index":[144,169],"assess":[146],"state":[149],"ruminants.":[151],"Because":[152],"occurrence":[155],"rumenal":[157],"hindgut":[161],"fermentative":[162],"chamber":[163],"rhinoceros,":[166],"such":[167],"can":[170],"be":[171],"guide":[174],"formulation":[176],"feed":[178],"mixtures":[179],"captivity":[183],"remote":[185],"assessments":[187],"both":[190],"free\u2010range":[192],"captivity.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}